中考语法专项集合

1、真诚为您提供优质参考资料，若有不当之处，请指正。中考英语备考：主谓一致问题1、主语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致，即：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式：如：The computer was a great invention.（计算机是个了不起的发明）The water in the glass is very cold.（玻璃杯里的水很冷）2、集体名词（如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等）做句子主语时， 如果表示整体概念，则谓语用单数形式，如：Class Three is a very good class.（三

2、班是好班） 如果表示其中的所有成员时，则谓语用复数形式，如：Class Three have a map of China.（三班有张中国地图）3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数，表示许多时，谓语用复数。如：There is a sheep in the yard.（院子里有只绵羊）There are some sheep in the yard.（院子里有一些绵羊）4、maths, news等虽然有s结尾，但不是复数，因此谓语仍用单数：The news is very exciting. （这个消息令人兴奋）5、glasse

3、s, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式，故谓语用复数。如：The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.（裤子很便宜，我想买）6、a lot of 后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式，跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。如：A lot of students are playing baseball now.（现在有许多学生在打垒球）A lot of time was wasted on that work.（大量的时间花在了那个工作上）（被动句）7、and 连接两个名词做主语时，谓语原则上用复数，但

4、是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时，谓语则用单数。如：The teacher and his son are picking apples now.（老师和他的儿子在摘苹果）Fish and chips is very famous food. （鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品）8、 there be 句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。如：There is a table and four chairs in the room.（房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子）9、用bothand连接两个事物做主语时，谓语一般用复数。如：Both you and I are required to be here t

5、omorrow.（你和我明天要求都来）10、主语中含有with的短语时，谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。如：A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. （一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子（当时）就站在路边）11、eitheror或者 neithernor连接两个人物做句子主语时，谓语采用就近原则。如：Either you or he is right.（要么是你对，要么是他对。/你和他有一个人是对的）Neither you nor I am going there.（你和我都不打算去那里）12、表示一

6、段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时，谓语一般用单数。如：Two months is not a short time.（两个月不是个短时间）Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance（距离）。（两千千米是相当长的一段距离）13、主语中含有half of / three quarters of / all (of) the 等词语时，谓语的单复数由名词确定，如：Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English.（因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的）A

7、third of the students were playing near the lake.（学生的三分之一（当时）正在湖边玩耍）All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.（这些河流中的水已经被污染了）（被动句）但是，population一词又有特殊情况：What's the population of China?（中国人口是多少？）（句子用单数）Three quarters of the population in this city are Arabs（阿拉伯人）。（这个城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人）（句子用复数）

8、中考英语备考：名词概述一、英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类：1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。如：Beijing, Tom, the People's Republic of China(中华人民共和国)专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语，则必须使用定冠词the。如：the Great Wall(长城)姓氏名如果采用复数形式，则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义)，如：the Greens(格林一家人)。2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。如：pupil, family, man, foot.普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名

9、词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词，如：box, child, orange；不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information.二、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下：在单数名词词尾加s。如：mapmaps, boyboys, horsehorses, tabletables.s,o,x,sh,ch结尾的词加es。如：classclasses, boxboxes, heroheroes, dishdishes, benchbenches.【注】少数以o结尾

10、的词，变复数时只加s。如：photophotos, pianopianos.以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i，再加es。如：familyfamilies, citycities, partyparties.以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为v，再加es。如：shelfshelves, wolfwolves, lifelives, knifeknives.2、不规则变化：manmen, womanwomen, sheepsheep,toothteeth, fishfish, childchildren, oxoxen, goosegeese不可数名词一般没有复数形式，说明其数量时，要用有关计量

11、名词。如：a bag of ricetwo bags of rice, a piece of paperthree pieces of paper, a bottle of milkfive bottles of milk. 部分名词用法辨析1、sport、game、match、race 的区别：sport通常指“户外运动”，以锻炼为主，概念较大；game意思是“运动、比赛”，不管户内户外还是脑力体力，指以胜负为主的运动；match意为“竞赛、比赛”，多指正式比赛；race主要表示“赛跑、赛马、赛车”。如：People all around the world enjoy sports.（全世

12、界的人都喜爱运动）The 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.（2008奥运会将在北京举行）（被动句）Our school football team won the league match（联赛）。（我们学校足球队取得了联赛冠军）They were strong and won the boat race.（汤他们很棒，赢得了划艇比赛）2、festival、holiday、vacation的区别：festival“节日”，指喜庆的日子或持续一段时间的文娱活动；holiday（假日、休息日），指法定假日或风俗习惯，复数可以表示一个较长的假期；

13、vacation“假期”，指学习或工作中一段长时间的休息。如：The Shanghai Television Festival will be held next month.（上海电视节将在下个月举行）Sunday is a holiday and most people do not work.（星期天是个假日，多数人不工作）What are you going to do during the summer vacation/holidays?（在暑期你打算做什么事情？）3、journey、tour、trip、travel的区别：journey指在陆地上（或海上或空中）进行的长途旅行，不

14、知终点，含有辛苦的意思；tour指途中作短期逗留的巡回旅行，强调游览多处，常用来指观光等；trip通常指往返定时的短途旅行，如出差度假等；travel多指长期或长途的观光旅行，尤其指到国外，没有明确目的地，也作不可数名词，指旅行这一行为。如：He made up his mind to make the journey to Dunhuang.（他拿定主意要去敦煌旅行）He has gone on a walking tour.（他步行观光去了）He took several trips to Shanghai last year.（去年他去了上海好几次）Did you go to Santi

15、ago（圣地亚哥） during your travels?（旅行期间你去圣地亚哥了吗？）Travelling through thick forests is dangerous.（在密林里边穿行是很危险的）4、sound、noise、voice的区别：sound指各种声音；noise主要指“噪音”；voice指人的“嗓音”。如：The noise of the street kept me awake in the night.（街上的喧嚣声让我彻夜难眠） / All of a sudden there was the sound of shots and a cry.（突然间传来几声枪响

16、和一声尖叫） / The singer has lost her ringing voice as a result of a bad cold.（因为感冒的缘故，这个歌唱家失去了她银铃般的嗓音）5、fish的问题：指许多条鱼且不管种类时，用fish,单复数相同；fishes 指许多种类的鱼；fish指“鱼肉”时是不可数名词。如：There are many kinds of fishes in the pool. （池子里有很多种类的鱼）I prefer fish to meat.（与肉相比我更喜欢鱼）中考英语备考：名词所有格名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。

17、其构成法如下：(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加s。如：Childrens Day(儿童节), my sisters book(我姐姐的书)(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加。如：Teachers Day(教师节)(3)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加s. 如：todays newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes break(十分钟的课间休息),Chinas population(中国的人口).(4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。如：a fine daughter of th

18、e Party(党的好女儿).注解： s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如：my aunts(我阿姨家), the doctors(诊所) 两人共有某物时,可以采用 A and Bs 的形式,如：Lucy and Lilys bedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室) “of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,如：a friend of my fathers(我父亲的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)中考英语备考：构词法构词法：英语构词法主要有：合成法、派生法和转换法。1、合成法：如：spaceship, headache, basketball, play

19、ground等等。2、派生法：（1） 派生名词：动词+er/or 动词+ing 动词+（t）ion 形容词+ness 其他，如：inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge（2）派生形容词：名词+y 名词+ful 动词+ing/ed friendly dangerous Chinese; Japanese English French German 国名+（i）an 如：snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, following,

20、 daily（每日的），nervous, delicious（3）派生副词：形容词+ly 其它，如：slowly, angrily, fullfully, goodwell, possiblepossibly等等。3、转换法：（1）形容词动词，如：dry（干燥的）dry（弄干）， clean（干净的）clean（打扫，弄干净），等等。（2）动词名词，如：look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。（3）名词动词，如：hand（手）（传递），face（脸）（面对）等等。（4）形容词副词，如：earlyearly, fastfast等等。（5）副

21、词连词，如：when（什么时候）（当时候），等等。（6）介词副词，如：in（到里）（在里面；在家），on（在上）（进行，继续），等等。【中考英语语法汇总】句子的类型（一）句子类型概述句子的类型一共有三种：简单句、并列句和复合句。复合句中的宾语从句与状语从句是中考的重要考查内容。宾语从句考点：(1)一连词的选择；(2)主句与从句时态的呼应；(3)宾语从句的语序问题；(4)宾语从句和状语从句的区分。状语从句考点：(1)主句与从句的时态呼应问题；(2)连接词的选择（注意区别几组连接词：while/ as/ when引导时间状语从句；because/ since/as/for引导原因状语从句；if/u

22、nless引导条件状语从句；so. that/such.that引导结果状语从句等。（二）基础知识梳理 1简单句只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。如：Neither Bruce nor Susan can speak French.Mother bought a new schoolbag for me at the beginning of this term.2并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常由并列连词连在一起。常见的并列连词有and，but，or，so，for等。如：Go straight on and you will find a toilet.I w

23、ould like to go with you, but I can't.Hurry or you will be late.She practices every day, so she plays the piano very well.It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.3复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。主句是句子的主体，从句是句子的一个成分，不能独立使用。下面总结一下初中阶段的主要从句。1)宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。引导宾语从句的连接词有以下几种形式：(1)由tha

24、t引导，只起连接作用，不充当句子成分，没有实际意义，可以省略。如：We know (that) there are two kinds of sports.He decided (that) he was not going to say anything about it(2)由whether或if（是否）引导，只起连接作用，不充当句子成分，但不能省略。如：No one knows whether/if they have decided on the date of the meeting.(3)由连接代词who，whom，what，which，whose和连接副词when，where，w

25、hy,how等引导的宾语从句，这些连接词除了起连接主句和从句的作用外，还可在句中充当某个成分，不能省略。如：Could you tell me how I can get to the nearest subway station?She told me what she had seen in the museum.(4) 由it作形式宾语的从句。如：I think it necessary that everybody should try his best to help fight pollution.(5) 由形容词sorry, afraid, sure, glad等引出的宾语从句。

26、如：We were surprised that Peter was the first to come.I am sure that you will be a success in the future.2)状语从句在复合句中作状语的句子叫状语从句。常用状语从句有以下几种类型：(1)由when, while, as, since, until, as soon as等连词引导的时间状语从句。如：It's more than ten years since they came to Shanghai.Please send me an E-mail as soon as you ar

27、rive in Switzerland.(2)由if，unless等词引导的条件状语从句。如：We shall go for a picnic if it doesn't rain tomorrow.I won't buy the dress unless it fits me well.(3) 由because, since, as, now that等词引导的原因状语从句。如：He asked for leave because he had to see the dentist.Now that everyone is here, shall we begin our d

28、iscussion?(4)由though/although引导的让步状语从句。如：Although it was very late, he went on working.(5)由so that, in order that引导的目的状语从句。如：He ran as fast as he could so that the people in Athens could learn the news earlier.(6)由so. that, such. that等词引导的结果状语从句。如：He ran so quickly that we couldn't keep up with

29、him.The bus broke down, so we had to walk to the cinema.English is such a useful language that it is spoken in many countries.(7) 比较状语从句。常用的句型有as. as与more than结构。（参见形容词、副词一章）3)定语从句在复合句中作定语的从句称为定语从句。定语从句一般直接跟在被修饰的名词之后。被修饰的名词称为“先行词”。定语从句一般由关系代词who, whom, that, which引导，它位于先行词与定语从句之间，本身又在定语从句中充当某个成分。如：T

30、he boy  who/that is reading under the tree is my elder brother.     先行词  关系代词作主语The present which/that you gave me for my birthday is very nice.        先行词      关系代词作宾语 (1) who和whom指人，who在从句中作主语，不能省略。而whom在从句中作

31、宾语，一般可以省略。如：The woman who will give us a talk tomorrow is a famous professor.Do you know the girl (whom) we met outside the school gate?(2) which指物，在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。作宾语时可以省略。如：The story which tells about three monkeys is very interesting.The magazine (which) I borrowed from the library was newly publi

32、shed.(3) that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时可以省略。如：The pictures that hang on the back wall were all painted by her.The restaurants (that) they have set up are welcomed by children.(4)如果先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、不定代词all, everything, nothing等以及only修饰时，关系代词必须用that。如：All that we need is fresh water.I'll never forget th

33、e first job that I found.Judy is the most honest girl that I have ever seen. 【中考英语语法汇总】动词语法讲解（一）动词概述动词是表示人或事物的动作、存在、变化的词。分析95年至今的中考不难发现，动词部分主要考查学生对主动结构中各个时态的运用。一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时和现在完成时出现的概率较高。而被动语态主要是考一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和情态动词的被动语态。（二）基础知识梳理   1动词的种类   根据其词义和其在谓语

34、中的作用可分为实义动词、助动词和情态动词。根据其在句子中的功用可分为及物动词和不及物动词，连系动词界于两者之间。1）实义动词：意义完全，能独立用作谓语。如：enable，watch，run，open等。2）连系动词：是一个表示谓语关系的动词。它必须在后面接表语（通常为名词或形容词）。如：seem，look，smell，taste，sound，get，become，turn，be等。3）助动词：本身没有词汇意义。不能单独用作谓语。在句中与实义动词一起构成各种时态、语态、语气以及否定和疑问结构。如：do，does，did等。4）情态动词：词义不完全。在句中不能单独作谓语，只能与实义动词一起构成谓语

35、。如：can，may，must，need，ought to等。2动词的时态：    时态    常用的提示语一般现在时always，usually，sometimes，often，every，once a week，in the morning，in December，in spring，on Mondays等。一般过去时ago，just now，before 2005，yesterday，last Friday，once，the other day，those days，once upon a time，long before等。一

36、般将来时tomorrow，the coming. ，in the future，next Tuesday，in two hours，some day，soon，before long，this evening等。现在进行时now，at the moment，look，listen，be quite，these days，still等。过去进行时this time yesterday，at that time，from 9 to 11 last Friday，when，while等。现在完成时since，for，already，yet，just，in the past few years/ mo

37、nths，in the last few weeks/months/days等。过去完成时by the end of last term/month/year，by yesterday，by 2004，by last Monday等。过去将来时大都出现在主句动词为一般过去时的宾语从句中。有些动词所表示的动作即便在说话时正在进行，也不能用进行时。这些动词通常表示情感、想法、感觉或所属。表示情感的动词：like，dislike，love，hate.表示想法的动词：believe，know，want，mean，understand，remember.   表示感觉的动词

38、：feel，see，hear，taste，smell.表示所属的动词：belong，own，have.有些动词常用进行时表示将来，如：come，go，leave，arrive。   3动词的被动语态英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。只有及物动词才有被动语态。它的基本结构为：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词。所有的时态变化在助动词be上。以动词sing为例。时态语态    主动语态    被动语态一般现在时Jay sings many songs

39、 every year.Many songs are sung by Jay every year.一般过去时Jay sang many songs last year.Many songs were sung by Jay last year.一般将来时Jay will sing/ is going to sing many songs this year.Many songs will be sung/are going to be sung by Jay this year.现在进行时Jay is singing an English song.An English song is be

40、ing sung by Jay.过去进行时Jay was singing a song just now.A song was being sung by Jay just now.现在完成时Jay has sung lots of songs in the pastfew years.Lots of songs have been sung by Jay inthe past few years.过去完成时Jay had sung plenty of songs by last year.Plenty of songs had been sung by Jay by last year.过去

41、将来时Jay said he would sing more songs in the future.Jay said more songs would be sung in the future.情态动词的被动语态为：情态动词+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词。中考英语语法汇总】连词语法讲解（一）连词概述连词是连接单词、短语或句子的一种虚词。在句中不单独作句子成分。历年中考中常考并列连词and，but，neither nor；从属连词now that，though，when。所以了解状语从句和宾语从句的真正意义有助于正确使用从属连词。（二）基础知识梳理1并列连词用来连接彼此并列的词、短语或句子

42、。并列连词有and，or，but，so，for，nor等。2关联连词有bothand，either or，neithernor，not onlybut also，as well as，as much as等。3连接性副词有however，therefore，besides，yet，anyway，still，all the same等。4并列连词和连接性副词存在以下的区别：1)连接两个独立的分句时，并列连词的位置只能放在它所引导的分句的句首，前面通常有逗号。如：I must work hard, for I still have a long way to go.They all went, b

43、ut I didn't go.2)连接性副词的位置比较灵活，句中、句首、句末都可以。但是放在句首较为普遍。如：Mother was ill, therefore, she stayed at home yesterday.= Mother was ill, she therefore, stayed at home yesterday.= Mother was ill, she stayed at home yesterday, therefore.3)两个并列连词不可以连用。如：He tried hardand but he failed to get the job.此句中的but

44、应改为yet。因为and和but都是连词。5从属连词是用来引导从句，如宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句等。从属连词有that， if, unless, whether, who, whose, what, which, where, than, when, while, as, since, though, although, because, before, after, until, as soon as, now that, so.that, so that, as. as,(not) as/soas 如：If it snows tomorrow，we won't go on a p

45、icnic.（If引导条件状语从句）Could you tell me whose PC it is? （whose引导宾语从句）The man who is talking to my class teacher is my father.（who引导定语从句）【中考英语语法汇总】形容词和副词语法讲解（一）（一）形容词和副词概述形容词是指那些用来描述或修饰名词(或代词)的一类词。一般放在其所修饰的名词之前。在句中用作定语、表语、补语、状语等。多数形容词具有比较等级。副词是用以修饰动词、形容词、句子以及其他副词的词。在形式上，许多副词带有后缀ly。形容词、副词是中学英语重要语法项目，也是中考重

46、要考查内容。考查重点是：（1）考查形容词与副词区别。形容词与副词均属修饰性词类，但因被修饰内容有所不同而具备不同的用法，中考非常注重对此进行考查，在单项选择题中出现了大量此类试题。（2）考查“级”的范围。两个事物进行比较应使用比较级，三个或三个以上事物进行比较应使用最高级。（3）考查比较级、最高级的注意点：同类事物进行比较。将主语排除在被比较的范围之外的比较，因为主语只能和他人或他物相比，而不能和自己相比。使用最高级时应将主语包含在最高级的范围之内，否则离开这个范围，主语便不能成为这个范围中的最高级。（4）考查比较级的重要句型。比较级有许多热点句型：from bad to worse/wors

47、e and worse(每况愈下)；more and more(越来越多的，越来越)；the+比较级，the+比较级(越越)。（5）考查asas同级比较句型。（6）考查比较级的程度修饰语。比较级的程度修饰语有：much，a 1ot，even，still，a bit，a little等。（7）考查易混形容词与副词的区别（二）基础知识梳理1形容词的用法和位置1）形容词作表语，表明主语的性质和特征，放在连系动词之后。如：Computers are very useful in our everyday lifeLeaves turn yellow in autumn2）形容词作定语，修饰名词或不定代

48、词，通常放在名词之前，不定代词之后。如：This is an unhealthy dietThere is nothing important in todays newspaper3)形容词作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后，与其构成复合宾语。如：You should keep your classroom clean and tidyI found it difficult to get on well with the manager2副词的用法和位置1）副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示动作、状态的特征或某种性质的程度。根据其用途与含义，副词可分为下列六大类：（1）时间副词。常用的有：ago

49、，before，now，then，soon，already，yet等。（2）地点副词。常用的有：here，there，up，down，above，below，inside，outside等。（3）疑问副词。常见的有：where，when，why，how等。（4）程度副词。常见的有：very，much，so，too，quite，enough等。（5）方式副词。多由“形容词+ly”后缀构成。如：carefully，quickly，easily，quietly等。（6）频度副词。常用的有：always，often，sometimes，usually，hardly，never等。2）副词在句中主要用作

50、状语。也可充当定语、表语等。如：Its snowing heavily outside（状语，修饰动词）I have never heard such a beautiful voice（状语，修饰动词）unluckily, he failed in this physics exam again（状语，修饰整个句子）He was too excited to say a word（状语，修饰形容词）Class is over（表语）The weather here is different from that of Singapore(定语)3）程度副词通常位于被修饰的形容词副词之前，但en

51、ough则要放在后面。如：It was much more freezing today than yesterdayHe ran so fast that I couldnt catch up with himWe got up early enough to catch the first bus4）频度副词通常位于行为动词之前，be动词、助动词和情态动词之后，但一般不放在句末。如：I have never been late for classYou must always work like that5）几个副词同时出现时，其顺序一般为：方式副词+地点副词+时间副词(也可位于句首)。中

52、考英语语法汇总】形容词和副词语法讲解（二）3形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成分为三种类型：1）在大多数单音节词和少数双音节词的词尾加er，est。（1）一般情况在词尾加-er，est。如：hard harder hardest（2）以字母e结尾的只加-r，-st。如：large larger largest（3）以辅音字母+y结尾的，先改y为i，再加-er，est。如：healthy healthier healthiest（4）单元音单辅音结尾的重读闭音节，先双写该辅音，再加-er，est。如：thin thinner thinnest注：词尾为ow，er

53、，le结尾的双音节词都采用这种形式。如：narrow         narrower             narrowestclever          cleverer              cleverestsimple         sim

54、pler               simplest2）在多音节和部分双音节词的词前加more，most。另外，由过去分词转化而成的形容词，不论多少个音节都用这种形式。如：serious        more serious        most seriouspopular     

55、0; more popular        most populartired           more tired            most tiredpleased       more pleased       most pleased3）不规则变化：good/well      

56、;      better                    bestbad/ill/badly        worse                    worstmany/much          more

57、60;                   mostlittle                   less                      leastfar             &#

58、160;        farther/further        farthest/furthestold                      older/elder            oldest/eldest4形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法1）同级比较。常用句型为：肯定结构：a

59、s+形容词（副词）原级+ as否定结构：not so (as)+形容词（副词）原级+as如： Our garden is as beautiful as theirs.Jane didn't write as/so carefully as her elder sister.上述本句型前可以有表示倍数或分数的修饰语，如：This room is three times as large as that one.2）程度不等的比较，常与than连用，其基本句型是： A+形容词（副词）比较级+ than B如：Shanghai is bigger than any other city i

60、n China. Which do you like better, strawberries or grapes?3）最高级。最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，其结构是：the+形容词（副词）最高级+比较范围（of/among/in短语） 如： Spring is the best season in Shanghai.David is the cleverest among the three brothers. Tom jumps (the) farthest of all the students.注：副词的最高级前the可以省略。5学习比较等级时的些注意事项1）比较的对象应当一致。如：

61、It's hotter in Guangzhou than Beijing.（误）It's hotter in Guangzhou than in Beijing.（正）A woman's heart beats faster than a man.（误）A woman's heart beats faster than a mans.（正）2)不能与自身相比较。应借助other或else来表达排除。如：Beckham is more popular than any football player in the world.（误） Beckham is mor

62、e popular than any other football player in the world（正）Beckham is more popular than all the other football players in the world.（正）Beckham is more popular than any football player, else in the world.（正）Beckham is the most popular football player in the world.（正）3)形容词和副词的比较级前可以用以下单词来修饰：much, even, f

63、ar, a bit, a little, a lot，still等。This pair of shoes is even cheaper.The new textbook is a little thicker than the old one.He is five years younger than I.4)在比较级的句子中出现“of the two”之类的结构时，比较级前也需加定冠词the。如：He is the shorter of the two boys.Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?5)“比较级+ and+比较级

64、”结构，表示“越来越”，多音节词则要用“more+ and+more+原级”。如：A block of ice is becoming smaller and smaller.I am more and more interested in history.6)“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越是就越”。如：The sooner, the better.（越快越好。）The busier he is, the happier he feels.【中考英语语法汇总】介词语法讲解（一）介词概述介词是一种虚词，在句子中不单独作任何句子成分。它是一种表示名词和句中其他词之间关系的词。它常和名词、动词、形容词等搭配，构成固定短语，表示不同意 思。介词还可以与名词构成介词短语，表示方位、方向、时间、地点、方式、原因等。这些介词短语在句中可充当定语、状语、补语等。