48个国际音标表及发音规则

1、48个国际音标表及发音规则个国际音标表及发音规则48个国际音标表元12个单元音长兀音：U：a：短兀音iUe3个双兀音aieiiiuau辨10对清辅音Ptkfs0trts浊辅音bd回vz0drdz3个鼻音mn3个似拼音hrI2个半元音wj/i/-发音要领的是：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，舌两侧抵上齿两侧，口形偏平。/i： /-发音要领是发音时舌尖抵下齿，前舌尽量抬高、舌位高于 /i/ ：口形扁平。/e/-发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，舌位比/i:/低；唇形中常，开口度 比/i:/大。/-发音时舌尖抵下齿；舌前部稍抬高，舌位比/e/更低；双唇平伸，成扁平 形。/-/是长兀音。发音时张大，舌身压低并后

2、缩，后舌稍隆起，舌尖不抵下齿。双唇稍收/-发音时张大，舌身尽量降低并后缩，双唇稍稍收/-它是长元音。发音时舌后部抬得比/即美式/美式/高，双唇收得更 圆更小，并向前突出。/11/-发音时舌后部抬起，舌身后缩，舌尖离开下齿。双唇收圆，稍突出。/-发音时舌后部尽量抬起，舌位比/u/即美式读音/英式读音/高。双 唇收圆并突出。口形比/U/稍小。/-发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿，舌后部靠前部分稍抬起，唇形稍 扁，开口度较大，与/相似。/-/ 是长元音。发音时舌中部比发/音时略高。双唇扁平。/-/ 是读短元音。发音时舌身平放，舌中部略隆起，双唇扁平。/ei/- 先发/e/音，然后滑向/i/音。双唇稍扁，

3、口形从半开到合。/-它由元音/滑向后元音/u/即美音和英音的/,舌位由半低到 高， 口形由半开到小。注意将音发足。/ai/-/ai/为双元音。先发音,然后滑向/i/音。舌尖抵住下齿。发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足，注意从开到合的滑动。/au/-/au/或/由/a/,滑向。舌位由低到高，口形由大到小。注意将音发足/i/-发音时双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合。发好这个音的关键是首先要把 后元音/a/发足，然后滑向/音。/一其发音要领是从川音滑向/音，美音则滑向M音。前面的/i/发得较清 楚，后面的/或"/较弱。双唇始终半开。此音一定要发足。/一其发音方法是从/e/音滑向/音。发间时舌端抵下齿

4、，前舌略抬 起，双唇半开，此音中的/有似于/e/音，/音较轻。/u/-发音时，嘴唇从收圆到半开。发好这个音的关键是首先要把小/音 发足，然后滑向/音。/p/ /b/-/p/ 是 p 的发音,/b/是b的发音。双唇爆破辅音。发音时双唇紧闭,憋住气，然后突灰分开,气流冲出口腔,发出爆破音。/p/是清辅音，声带不振动；/b/是浊辅音，声带振动。/t/d/-/t/是 t 的发音,/d/是d的发音。舌齿爆破辅音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气,然后突然分开，使气流冲出口腔,发出爆破音。用是清辅音,声带不振动；/d/是浊辅音，声带振动。/k/-/k/ 是字母k和字母c的发音，/是字母g的读音。舌后软颗爆破辅音

5、。发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颗,憋住气，然后突然分开,气流送出口腔，形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音，声带不振动；/是浊辅音，声带振动。48个国际音标表及发音规则/f/v/-/f/是f和ph的发音，/v/是V的发音。唇齿摩擦辅音。发音时下唇轻 触上齿，气流由唇齿间通过，形成摩擦音。/f/是清辅音，声带不振动；/v/是 浊辅音，声带振动。/-/ 是th的发音。舌齿摩擦辅音。发音时舌尖轻触上齿 背，气流由舌齿间送出，形成摩擦音。/是清辅音，声带不振动；/是浊辅 音，声带振动。/S/ /Z/-/S/Z/ 是S的发音，/Z/又是Z的发音。舌齿摩擦辅音。发 音时舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出，形成摩擦音。/S

6、/是清辅音，声 带不振动；/Z/是浊浦音，声带振动。/-/是sh的发音，/是S的发音。舌端齿龈后部摩擦辅 音。发音时 舌端靠近齿龈后部，舌身抬起靠近上鄂，双唇稍收圆并略突出。气流通过时形 成摩擦音。/j/是清辅音，声带不振动；/是浊辅音，声带 振动。/h/-/h/是字母h的发音。声门摩擦辅音。发音时气流送出口腔，在 通过声 门时发出轻微摩擦；口形随其后的元音而变化。/h/是清辅音，声带不振动。/m/-/m/是m的发音。双唇鼻辅音。发音时软颗下垂，双唇紧闭，气 流从 鼻腔送出。/n/n/是n的发音。舌尖齿龈鼻辅音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈，软号页下垂，气流从鼻腔送出。48个国际音标表及发音规则/-/是

7、ng的发音。舌后软颗鼻辅音。发音时软颗下垂，堵住口腔 通 道，气流从鼻腔送出。声带振动。/W/-/W/是w的发音。舌后软颗半元音。发音时舌后部向软颗抬起，舌位 高。双唇收小并向前突出，声带振动。发音短促，立刻滑向其后的元音。/I/-/I/是I的发音。舌端齿龈边辅音。发音时舌尖及舌端紧贴上齿龈，舌 前向硬颗抬起，气流从舌的旁边送出。当此音为尾音时，将舌端抵住上齿龈， 舌前下限，舌后上抬，舌面形成凹形。浊辅音' 声带振动。/r/-/i7是r的发音。舌尖齿龈（后部）摩擦辅音。发音时舌尖卷起，靠 近上齿龈后部。舌两侧稍收扰。双唇略突出。气流通过舌尖和齿龈形成轻微摩 擦。浊辅音，声带振动。/j/

8、-/j/传统的国际音标的读音符号该音是国音字母y在词首的读音，是 舌前硬颗半元音。发音时舌前部向硬颗尽量抬起，舌位较高，双唇伸展成扁平 状。它是个浊辅音，声带振动。/ /-/ /是ch的发音，/ /是dge的发音。舌端齿龈破擦辅音。发音 时舌 身抬高，舌端抵上齿龈后部，气流通过时发出破擦音。/是清辅音，声带不 振动；/是浊辅音，声带振动。/ts/dz/传统的国际音标读音符号，新课本中美式' 英式读音都没将其包 括在内，破擦音/ts/、/dz/分别是字母组合ts和ds的读音。舌端齿 龈破擦 辅音。舌端先贴住齿龈，堵住气流，然后略下降，气流送出口腔。/ts/是清辅 音，/dz/是浊辅音。4

9、8个国际音标表及发音规则/tr/dr/传统的国际音标读音符号。新课本中美式, 英式读音都没将 其包 括在内。/tri、/dr/分别是tr、dr的发音。齿龈后部破擦辅音。发音时舌身与 /“相似，舌尖贴齿龈后部，气流冲破阻碍发出短促的/V后立即发/r/o /tr/ 是清辅音，/dr/是浊辅音。i:字母组合 ee ea e ie -three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece?发音字母 a-bag hand and ant happy hat

10、mapmadbad black back glad flag shall mane字母名且合 ea e a-head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any字母组合 ir ur ear er or-girl shirt skirt thirty thirteenthird bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard& 字母组合 er o

11、r ou ar o a e u-teacher leader rememberplayer speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today lesson control around account ago elephant manta banana Canadaa:字母组合 ar a-car farm card arm garden fast class last glass pl

12、antaunt calm48个国际音标表及发音规则发音字母 u o ou oo-up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood字母组合 al or au our ar-small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn cour

13、t bought warm quarrel quarter发音字母 o a-hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watchu:字母组合 oo o u-food moonroom gloom broom doomgoose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prudeu 字母组合 oo ou u o-look good foot book woodshould could put full bull pull push woman wolfei发音字母 a ay ea ai ey

14、-name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they greyai发音字母 i y-bike fine find die nine light night high mytry fly eyeau字母组合 ou ow-house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town发音字母 o ow oa-home cold go no phone host ghost

15、 know low belowgrow blow show flow boat coat goali 字母组合 eer ear-beer deerear near here fierce idea48个国际音标表及发音规则字母组合 ear air ere-pear bear chair air fair there where careu 字母组合 our ower-hour tour flower showert tree two ten ton town twenty cityd door dull desk dose do dog dictionaryk king kite key lo

16、ok cook book kitchen skyg girl good goal goat grade long languagem man make moon morning move come combh pen ten nine fine night noon moon cleanuncle bank English think thank junk sing king morningI long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soulr read red right run room writef five fl

17、y fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh roughv very evening even every voice vest ofs six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarfz zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause thosethat this those these thoughj sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attentionh hot hop ho

18、me house horse how who w when what where window wind wood48个国际音标表及发音规则j yes year yell you your yolk yellowchild chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teachjoin Julyage language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoyJune junktr tree country try treat track trunkdr dry dream drop drive drinkts studen

19、ts boots boats goats nutsdz goods woods moods hoods26个英文字母及发音音标如下：DdGgJjPpSsYyeidi：d3i:d3eiemP'：lesvi：waiKkQ qTtZzbi：罔eit /keienkju:画r卅 biju：CcFfLIOoRrXxzi：zed元音字母si：efaiel?uaDu：eks英语发音规则一，元音字母在重读音节中的a在开音节中einame plane Jane baby cake 在闭音节中bag dad hat map black backe在开音节中i：he these me Chinese在闭音节

20、中同bed let pen desk yes egg I在开音节中bike fly drive time nice kite 在闭音节中ifish big drink sit milk swimo在开音节中Euthose close go hoe home no在闭音节中Cclock not box shop socku在开音节中Du：aistudent excuse duty Tuesday 在闭音节中Q1chicken pocket beginchildrenIE/iholiday beautiful familyanimalaiexercise satelliteoEsecond ton

21、ight somebody welcomeEualso zero photouEautumn diffculthundred student open weekend48个国际音标表及发音规则bus cup jump much lunch在开音节中，元音字母U在辅音 字母j I r S后面时读u:音，例女 June blue ruler super二，元音字母在非重读音节中 的读音元音字母读音例词aEanother woman breakfastiorange comrade village cabbageE48个国际音标表及发音规则Du：popular congratulationJanua

22、ry动词中的a如果处在开音节位 置户读ei音，例如operateafter plant graph ask grasp glass fast fatheri在-nd -Id和gh前aifind child light highu处在开音节位置，又在辅音字o 在-st -Id 前母j I rs后面时，读u(:)音，例如：Julyinfluence February issue三，元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音元音字母读音例词Eumost postcard old coldo在m n v th前Qcome monkey love mother四，-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音a在w音后面元音字

23、组C读音want what watch wash quality例词a 在 f n sk ph sp ss st thar在w音后面a：car farm dark sharpenerC：warm quarter towardsoror在w音后面C：forty morning shortE：word worker worseer irE：certainly bird Thursday辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音 字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按 重 读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如：E音，例如:dollar teachermartyr forget Saturday五，-re音节元音字组在重读音节中

24、的读音元音字组读音例词area：Ecare dare hareere阻here mereireaiEfire hire wirecarry sorry hurryoreC：more score before六，元音字组在重读音节中 的十读ureDu：E读音pure cure例词ai/ay元音字组are ere ire ore很少出现在非 重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读Eei音，例如 :picture pleasureafraid rain wait day play重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重air读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re回E音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读r音.例女口 ： pare

25、 nt zero storyair hair chair pair repair al在f m前Cduring inspiring某些常用词及多音节词经常 small ball talk wall allC： I出现长音短化现象.例如 ：orange very always also salt almost baldAmerican paragrapha:48个国际音标表及发音规则half calmau/awC：autumn daughter draweateach easy cheap please©heavy bread sweater weathereibreak greate

26、ariEhear dear near clear year& Ebear pear wearearth learn early ee罔jeep week green threeDEpioneer deer beerei/eyeieight neighbour they罔either keyeu/ew 在j I r s 后Du：new few newspaperU：flew brewE：48个国际音标表及发音规则OU/OWie/eis音之后au0：flower house count down piece field receiveEuoaknow row throw thoughEuQ

27、coat Joan boat goalyoung country enoughoar/oorU：C：group you souproar board door floorouroi/oyC：Cicourse your fournoise point boy toiletauE00our hour oursu：C：broom food tooth schooljourneyubook look cook foot goodui0W在j I r s后fluid suicide tuitionU：juice fruit suit七，非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音元音字组或字群读音例词ai/ay e

28、i/eyiSunday foreign monkeyE元音字组在非重读音节中读音或i.例如：neighbour seriousfamous biscuit coffee-sion -tionFnimpression nation-sion在元音字母后Vnvision decision occasion-tion在s后tFE nquestion suggestion-stemEu Mlistenyellow sparrow tomorrow-stle48个国际音标表及发音规则siwhistle-sureVEpleasure measure-turetFEpicture culture八，元字组在

29、复合词非重读音 节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重 音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音 字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失 去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部 分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音.例如：sun太阳+ dayei日子Sundayi星期天holy 神圣 + dayei日子, holiday。假日break 中断 + fasta:斋戒 >breakfastE早餐cup 茶杯 + board 木板C: >cupboardE碗柜九，辅字组的读音例如：辅字组 everydayei读音 handbag例词blackboardC:bbike

30、bus bag/bomb tomb/ 、/. 4 / f、/.c在e前或云i/y前 kcake picture coat musicsface decide cinema ch tFmuch chick rich teacher凶school headache chemistryF-ck kcock pocket black knockdddoctor bread hand day-dgedVbridge fridgedr-drchildren driver drinkftfive four breakfastgmachineg在e i/y前48个国际音标表及发音规则bag gardon go

31、dVorange large Germanghfcough enough/light daughter highgu- -guegu在非重读音节中Aguess league dialogueAwlanguage anguishhh/hour honest *JdVjeep jar joke join Julykkind bike skate make weekkn-knife know knockIllife milk school tallmm48个国际音标表及发音规则 monkey come autumnhot head house hand-mnmautumn columnnn在k g音前nnot shine ten noteNuncle thank hun