2019年高考英语阅读理解一轮练(8)(含解析)练习

1、2019 年高考英语阅读理解一轮练（8）（含解析）练习李仕才AA recent survey in the United States showed that the average family spentmore money on its pets than on its children. Although rather shocking, it shouldnot surprise anyone who has seen the doggy parlours(客厅 ) where loved pets rest.Are Americans unique in treating thei

2、r little friends in this way? No, theEnglish, too, pay more attention to their pets.This can clearly be seen when we look at pet foods， which often contain morevitamins than human food. They certainly cost much. Last year the British publicspent two hundred million pounds on pet food alone, to say n

3、othing of veterinarybills or animal furniture. It is difficult not to feel angry about this whenconsidering what the same amount could do for victims of starvation and poverty,so its not unusual for me to get hot under collar when I read an old man leftall his money to his dog instead of his childre

4、n.There are a variety of reasons why I find pets-raising alarming. They causephysical problems. An example of this is New York where they have greatdifficulty getting rid of the mess that dogs leave on the streets. Many peoplefind this funny, but in a number of large cities it is a major problem. An

5、imalscan cause disease, too. It is the threat of babies a disease with no knowncure.Another problem is the carelessness of pet owners. Most little children wanta dog or a cat， and they continually push their mothers and fathers until theyget one. It is only when the sweet little thing has been broug

6、ht home thatthe parents realize how much time and money must be spent on Rover orBonzo . Then they just abandon it. As a result, they are allowed to run free.English farmers lose hundreds of sheep a year, killed by someones pet and youmust have read of children being hurt by some pets of their own.L

7、astly, I would only suggest that we have got our priorities wrong and thatsomething should be done about it. In my view, its time we stopped beingsentimental about pets. I can see no reason why we should get upset when animalsare cut up for medical experiments. This will lead us to discovering cures

8、 for1/11serious human diseases, then I say, keep cutting!1. The doggy parlours are mentioned in the 1st paragraph to show _.A. what costly lives the pets are livingB. where Americans keep their petsC. why children love their pets so muchD. how much pets depend on their masters2. In the second paragr

9、aph to get hot under the collar probably means_.A. getting quite hotC. feeling extremely angryD. receiving a fashionable shirt3. According to the author, in which field can animals be most useful?A. Food.B. Sports.C. Entertainment.D.Medicine.4. What is the authors attitude towards pets-raising?A. Sy

10、mpathetic.B. Opposed.C. Pitiful.D. Supportive.【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。作者通过介绍饲养宠物存在的种种问题( 譬如饲养成本昂贵、宠物致人受伤、传染疾病等) ，表达了自己反对饲养宠物，而是应当将宠物用于贡献人类医学实验的观点。1. A【解析】推理判断题。the doggy parlours所在的句子就是为了进一步阐释第一句 A recent survey in the United States showed that the average familyspent more money on its pets than on its childr

11、en.，即如今人们在饲养宠物上花销巨大的现状。故答案为A。3. D【解析】推理判断题。从本文的最后两句 I can see no reason why we should get upset.This will lead us to discovering cures for serious human2/11diseases.可知作者认为宠物在人类医学领域可以起着有益的作用。因此答案为D。4. B【解析】观点态度题。文章前面介绍了成本昂贵、传染疾病等饲养宠物的危害，后面又提到应把宠物用于贡献人类医学领域中去，故而可以看出作者对于饲养宠物的做法持反对态度。因此答案为 B。B(2015 

12、3;四川宜宾二诊)Washington ：NASA has announced evidence that Jupiters largest moon，Ganymede，has a saltwater ocean under its icy surface.The ocean seems to havemore water than all the water on Earths surface ，according to new Hubbleobservations.New Hubble observations of Ganymedes magnetic field strongly su

13、ggest thatthe moon ，which is the largest in our whole solar system，is home to a subsurfaceocean.Scientists estimate that the ocean is 95 kilometres thick， which is about 10times deeper than Earths oceans.But unlike our salty waters，Ganymedes oceanis buried under 150 kilometres of ice.While scientist

14、s have speculated(推测 ) since the 1970s about the presence ofan ocean on Ganymede the largest moon in our solar system until now the onlyobservational evidence came from a brief flyby by the Galileo spacecraft，whichdidn t observe the moon long enough to confirm a liquid ocean.Scientists_have_already_

15、confirmed_the_existence_of_an_ocean_on_EuropaHubble is a telescope that orbits Earth， but because of its impressivegravitational analyses it can be used to study the inside of far distant3/11planets.Using these same principles， scientists could theoretically detect oceanson distant exoplanets as wel

16、l.【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。NASA证实木星的最大卫星Ganymede上有海洋，这一发现再次拓宽了科学家的视野，使探寻太阳系内地球以外的生命的努力更进一步。1 What can we learn about Ganymede from the passage?A It is a planet with the largest moon in our whole solar system.B Its ocean adds to people s excitement about life beyond Earth.C It will be used by NASA as a base f

17、or the Hubble telescope.D Its liquid ocean was first proved by the Galileo spacecraft.解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“A deep ocean under the icysurface of Ganymede opens up further exciting possibilities for life beyondEarth. ”可知，木星卫星洋的存在激发了人们探索地球以外的生命的热情。故选B 项。2Which of the following best describes the write

18、rs attitude towardsHubble?A Cautious.B Doubtful.C Negative.D Favourable.3 What does the underlined part in Paragraph 6 mean?A An underground ocean has been found in Europa.B The presence of an underground ocean in Europa is not possible.C It is now certain that there is an ocean on Europa.D No evide

19、nce has shown the existence of an ocean on Europa.4 What type of writing does this passage belong to?4/11A A term essay.B A news report.C An experiment report.D An exploration review.解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第一段“Washington：NASA has announcedevidence.”及文章内容可推知，本文为一篇新闻报道。故选B 项。CThe Shard was designed by the famo

20、us Italian architect Renzo Piano.When he begandesigning the Shard for London， Piano wanted a very tall building that lookedlike a spire(尖顶 ) He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and thecity.The sides of the building aren't regular.So the building has an unusualshape.It looks like a ve

21、ry thin， sharp piece of broken glass.And that is how thebuilding got the name： the Shard.Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard ispart of a great London tradition.The shape reminds him of the spires of thechurches of London or the tall masts(桅杆 ) of the ships that were once on theriver Thames.

22、The Shard has 87 floors.At the top， there is an observatory.At the moment thebuilding is empty，but eventually there will be a five-star hotel.There will alsobe top quality restaurants， apartments and offices.Before building work began， a lot of people didn't want the Shard though theplans were a

23、pproved.Now they are still unhappy about the Shard.Some critics saythat such a tall skyscraper might be good in a city like New York，but not inLondon.They say that the best thing about the Shard is its spire shape.But thatis the only thing.There is no decoration，only flat surfaces.The Egyptians didt

24、hat 4,500 years ago.They also think the Shard is too big for London.It destroys the beauty of the city.The Shard now dominates the London skyline.It is not certain， however ， that5/11ordinary London citizens will ever accept it as a valuable addition to the city.1 London's newest skyscraper is c

25、alled the Shard because of _.A its costB its sizeC its shapeD its height2 When he designed the Shard， Piano wanted it to _.A change London's skylineB inherit London's traditionC imitate the Egyptian styleD attract potential visitors3 The critics who refer to social division think the Shard _

26、.A is only preferred by the richB is intended for wealthy peopleC is far away from the poor areaD is popular only with Londoners4 Which would be the best title for the passage?A The Shard ： Cheers and ClapsB The Shard ： Work of a Great ArchitectC The Shard ： New Symbol of London?D The Shard ： A Chan

27、ge for the Better?答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了英国伦敦的地标性建筑约310 米高的欧洲第一高楼“碎片大厦”。有人说这栋摩天大楼使伦敦看起来更漂亮，但更有批评意见一直伴随着大楼的诞生。1 C解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“It looks like a very thin，sharp piece ofbroken glass.And that is how the building got the name：the Shard. ”可知，这栋楼的名字的由来是其外形像一块很薄、很锋利的碎玻璃片，因此选C 项“它的形状”，而非它的“花费、尺寸或高度”。2 B解析：细节

28、理解题。第二段中的Piano says that the spire shape of the Shardis part of a great London tradition.(Piano说“碎片大厦”的尖顶外形是伦敦伟大传统的一部分。 ) 解释了设计师的想法，与B 项“继承伦敦的传统”相吻合。A 项“改变伦敦的天际线”是结果而不是设计初衷，C 项“模仿埃及风格”及D 项“吸引潜在的游客”文中均未涉及。6/113 B解析：细节理解题。由第五段中的“Only very rich people can afford to buy theexpensive private apartments a

29、nd stay in the hotel.”可知，谈到社会分化的批评家认为“碎片大厦”是“专为有钱人设计的(is intended for wealthy people)”。4 D解析：主旨大意题。全文介绍了欧洲第一高楼英国伦敦的“碎片大厦”。由第一段的最后一句“ However，not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.”可知，对于这个改变，毁誉参半，故D 项“碎片大厦：更好的改变？”作为标题最为合适。A项“碎片大厦：欢呼与掌声”只关注了支持者，不够全面。D(2016 ·辽宁铁岭六校联考)At an outdoor

30、 restaurant， a cockroach(蟑螂 )flew in and landed on a woman.Shestarted screaming out of fear； with a panic stricken face and trembling voice，she started jumping， with both her hands desperately trying to get rid of thecockroach.Her reaction was spreading， as everyone in her group also got into apanic

31、.The woman finally managed to flick the cockroach away but it landed on aman in the group who continued the drama.In the relay of throwing，the cockroachnext fell upon a waitress who had rushed to their rescue.The waitress stood firm， calmed herself and observed the behavior of thecockroach on her bl

32、ouse.When she was confident enough， she grabbed it and threwit out of the restaurant.Sipping my coffee and watching the amusement，I started wondering： Was thecockroach responsible for their funny behavior？ If so， then why was the waitressnot disturbed？ She handled the situation to near perfection， w

33、ithout panic.It was not the cockroach， but the inability of the customers to handle thedisturbance caused by the cockroach that disturbed them.I realized that its notthe shouting of my children or my boss or my wife that disturbs me， but myinability to handle the disturbances caused by their shoutin

34、g.7/11It s not the traffic jams on the road that disturb me，but my inability tohandle the disturbance caused by the traffic jam.More than the problem，it s myreaction to the problem that creates chaos in my life.I understood.I should not react in life.I should always respond.The customersreacted ， wh

35、ereas the waitress responded.Reactions are always instinctive(本能的)while responses tend to be well thought out.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一只蟑螂出现在饭店里引起了消费者的恐慌，服务员冷静地捉住蟑螂，将其扔了出去。作者通过这个故事旨在告诉人们：遇到问题时要积极地应对。1 What happened in the outdoor restaurant?AA cockroach was found in a womans food and then a man found the s

36、ameproblem.B A cockroach appearing in the restaurant caused a state of panic among thecustomers.C A cockroach rushed the waitress into apologizing to the customers.D A woman and a man were trying to rescue the waitress from the cockroach.解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“At an outdoor restaurant，acockroach( 蟑螂 )f

37、lew in and landed on a woman.She started screaming out offear.as everyone in her group also got into a panic.”可知，出现在饭店里的蟑螂在一些消费者中引起了恐慌。故答案选B。2 According to the passage， if you ran into a traffic jam， you might_ in your car.B feel upset and annoyed8/11C relax yourself by listening to musicD expect so

38、meone to clear the road解析：选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Reactions are alwaysinstinctive(本能的 )while responses tend to be well thought out.”可知，反应总是本能而对策往往是经过深思熟虑的。因此遇到交通堵塞时，在车里听音乐是一种对策。故答案选 C。3Whats the meaning of the underlined word?A Confusion.B Success.C Poverty.D Harmony.解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据第五段第一句“It s not the tr

39、affic jams on theroad that disturb me， but my inability to handle the disturbance caused by thetraffic jam.”可推知，chaos 与“ disturbance ”意思相近，意为“混乱”。故答案选A。4 What does the passage tell us?A Speak less ， do more!B Actions speak louder than words!C Mind your manners while in a restaurant!DDont react just

40、from your feelings；respond positively!解析：选 D。主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“ I should not react in life.I should always respond. ”可知，作者写这篇文章是想告诫读者遇到困难时要积极冷静应对，而不是只做些本能的反应。故答案选D。EMany parents display their childrens artworks on the refrigerator,butKieron Williamson s paintings have been on display in professional ga

41、lleriessince he was 6 years old.Kieron s artwork,though,extends far beyond child-like stick figures orfinger painting.In fact,the child from Norfolk,England,has been called“the boywho paints like an old master.”9/11According to his parents,Kieron was a typical toddler who likes finding bugs and play

42、ing in the mud.But on a 2008 family vacation to the beach,the 5-year-old was inspired by the boats and scenery and asked his parents for a sketch pad.His initial drawings could have been done by any young child,but after the family returned home,Kieron continued drawing and began to display a gift for art.When he started asking about the pr