英语语法实训教程unit4 动词语态ppt课件

1、Unit 4Voices动词的语态动词的语态 I. Grammar Learning II. Grammar Practice Grammar LearningIntroduction of the voices Steps to follow in changing the voicesExamplesbe-passive and get-passiveSome uses of voice6. Passive structure and linking be structure1. Introduction of the voices English voice belongs to gra

2、mmar category. It is a form of verbs between subject and verb. Traditionally, the voice of English grammar is divided into active voice and passive voice. When the subject is the executor of the behavior, the form of predicate is active voice. When the subject is the taker of the behavior, the form

3、of predicate is passive. The construction of the active voice is the verb itself and changes with the tense and the passive voice is generally constructed “Be + Passive, but Get + Passive is another form of passive which denotes the consequence of the verb rather than the process. e. g. 1) The man g

4、ot hurt on his way home. 2) How did the glass get broken? In Practice, active voice appears concise in form, direct and straightforward in expression, focusing on the meaning of the verb, while in the passive voice sentence, the executor of the verb is not mentioned, which makes the statement more o

5、bjective. Meanwhile, passive voice construction can make the sentence more adjustable in structure so as to add more information by way of extending the noun phrase with the appropriate rhetoric device. 2Construction of passive voice and steps to follow in changing the voicesBasic construction: “be

6、+ V-edSteps: 先找出谓语动词 (Find out the predicate verb first. )再找出谓语动词后的宾语；(Then pick up the object afterthe predicate verb.) 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语 ( Take the object of activevoice as the subject of the passive voice.)留意人称、时态和数的变化 (Notice the changes inpersonal pronoun, tense and the singular and plural form. )3

7、. Examples English is spoken in many countries. His plan is being carried out successfully. The new drapes were being hung when the visitors showed up. The car will be being cleaned by my brother. Ive been robbed. The outcome of the election was announced before all of the votes had been counted. Ev

8、erything will have been done by the end of the month. 4. be-passive and get-passive 用get 替代被动中的助动词be, 可表示因客观缘由而发生的事，或表示反身的动作，并暗示出说话者的感情要素。用get更强调行为的过程，表示一种“蒙受或“遭遇，用be 那么是阐明一种形状。 I got caught in the rain. The naughty boy got scolded. 5. some uses of voice1) 当强调点为动作的接受者时，就用被动语态把动作的受宾语变为主语，使其突出出来。 Fran

9、k was hit by a car. 2) 说话者不知道动作的执行者，或者以为没有必要指出。 This bridge was built in 1700. 3) 说话者希望使所说的内容显得更加客观，防止就一些本人不太一定的事表态，或者表示泛指。常这样用的句型有：It is asserted that 有人主张. ； It is supposed that 据推测.；It will be said that 人们会说. ； It is wellknown that 众所周知. It is said that Japans industrial progress after the war wa

10、s very remarkable. 4) 普通情况下，在被动句子中都不用by短语，由于运用被动句多因动作执行者不明确或不重要，但是“被动语态+by+名词/代词有时也用来强调by 短语，用by突出一个重要的、新信息。 The painting on the wall is very valuable. It was done by Picasso.5) 有少数动词用自动语态，表示被动的含义，这类动词大多数是不及物动词，并以物为主语，如：feel, look, open, prove, sell,smell, sound, taste, write, wash, clean, burn, wea

11、r, blow, show 等。 This material washes well. The book sells well. 另外， blame 一词既可用作及物动词，表示自动，又可用作不及物动词，表示被动。如， Dont blame me. = I am not to blame.6.Passive structure and linking be structure 由于一些过去分词曾经描画词化，在句中作表语，所以“be+过去分词有时并无被动的意义，而是一种“系动词+表语构造。这种“系表构造也可称为“形状被动式 The door was locked (by me). 门被我锁上了。

12、Now the door is locked. 门如今是锁着的。过去分词用作表语时，不能跟“by+ 名词动作发出者构造。但经常可以跟其他的介词短语连用。 The car is stuck in the mud. 汽车陷在泥里了。 I am not satisfied with her work. 我对她的任务不称心。 gone, finished, done, lost等词实践上已成了描画词，因此，它们 没有被动的含意，用在“be+ gone等构造中作表语时，只是表示一种状 态。 Spring is gone. 春天过去了。Grammar PracticeCase StudySample 1S

13、ample 2Sample 3Sample 1A) CERTIFICATE August 19, 2019 _ Mr. Wangfei (professor of philosophy), 2) _, male, aged 52, 3) _ to give lectures on Chinese Culture at Michigan University 4) _ _. Foreign Affairs Office Guangzhou University This is to certify thatfrom our universityhas been selectedas avisit

14、ing scholarSample 1A) 证明 兹证明我大学王飞先生，男，52岁， 哲学系教授。作为访问学者身份，被选派到密执安大学作题为中国文化的演讲。 特此证明。 广州大学 外事办公室Sample 1B) Certificate of Graduation 1)_ Guo Tian, male, 2) _, born in June 1988, 3)_in the Foreign Languages Department, Xiang Tang University in September, 2019 and 4) _in June,2019. Xiang Tan University

15、 June 20th, 2019 This is to certify thatnative of Xiangtan, Hunan Provincewas enrolled to studyBusiness EnglishgraduatedSample 1B) 毕业证书 兹证明郭田，男，籍贯湖南湘潭，1988年7月出生。于2019年在湖南湘潭大学外语系学习商务英语，并于2019年7月毕业。特此证明。 湘潭大学 2019年7月20日Sample 2Doctors Discharge Report This is to certify that the patient, Mr. Wangli, m

16、ale, aged 31, 1) _ into our hospital on May 21, 2019, 2) _ from acute appendicitis. After an immediate operation and ten days of treatment, he 3)_complete recovery and 4)_ on May 31, 2019. It 5) _ _that he rest for one week at home before 6) _his work. Li Ming, physician-in-charge May 30, 2019was ad

17、mittedsufferinghas madewill be dischargedissuggestedresumingSample 2 出院证明 兹证明病人王力,男，31，因患急性阑尾炎，于2019年5月21日住院。经立刻施行手术和10天治疗后，现已痊愈，将于2019年5月31日出院。建议在家休憩一个星期后再上班任务。 主治医生：李明 2019年5月30日Sample 3 To Whom It May Concern, This is to certify that Chen Fang, female, native of Shanghai, born on June 10,1985, wa

18、s enrolled to study Foreign Trade in the Business Management Department of Pujiang University from September, 2019 to July, 2019. She has completed all the undergraduate courses, has satisfied all the requirements, and is given this Certificate of Graduation. Zhang WenmingNo. 1234567890 President of

19、 Pujiang University Issued on June 22nd, 2019 Sample 3 was enrolled： has completed： has satisfied: is given:普经过去时被动语态普经过去时被动语态如今完成时自动语态如今完成时自动语态如今完成时自动语态如今完成时自动语态普通如今时被动语态普通如今时被动语态 Sample 3 毕业证书 兹证明陈芳，女，籍贯上海，1985年10月出生。自2019年9月至2019年7月间在浦江大学商业管理系学习对外贸易， 并完成了一切大学课程的学习，成果合格。准予毕业。 张文明No. 1234567890 浦江大

20、学校长 2019年7月22日颁发Grammar Practice Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4Task 1A)Graduation Certificate This is certified that Lin Tao, male, born on October 23, 1985, having specialized in the Four year undergraduate program of Applied Chemistry in the College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at Hunan Univ

21、ersity of Science and Technology from September 10, 2019 to June 24, 2021. Hunan University of Science and Technology hereby grants him this Certificate of Graduation after meeting all the academic requirements. President of Hunan University of Science and TechnologyTIAN YINHUA Certificate No: 79246

22、8 Date: June 24, 2021Task 1A)1) 把被动语态改成自动语态把被动语态改成自动语态:2) 把句中的自动语态改成被动语态把句中的自动语态改成被动语态:3) 把和两句合成一句：把和两句合成一句：This is to certify He is hereby awarded this Certificate of Graduation after meeting all the academic requirements. This is to certify that Lin Tao, male, born on October 23, 1985, having spec

23、ialized in the Four year undergraduate program of Applied Chemistry in the College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at Hunan University of Science and Technology from September 10, 2019 to June 24, 2021 is hereby awarded this Certificate of Graduation after meeting all the academic requirements

24、.Task 1毕业证书毕业证书A) 兹证明林涛，男，兹证明林涛，男，1985年年10月月23日出生。自日出生。自2019年年9月月10日至日至2021年年6月月24日，在湖南科技日，在湖南科技大学化学工程学院专修四年本科运用化学课程。大学化学工程学院专修四年本科运用化学课程。成果合格，特颁发毕业证书。成果合格，特颁发毕业证书。 湖南科技大学湖南科技大学 校长：田寅华校长：田寅华证书号：证书号：792468 2021年年6月月24日日Task 1B)Certificate of Employment To Whom It May Concern, This is to certify that

25、our college employed Mr. Deng Yong as a teacher of Foreign Languages Department for the past three years. He has faithfully attended to his duty and has been proved himself to be industrious and thoroughly competent. Foreign Languages Department Guangdong International Economic College June 20th, 20

26、19Task 1B) 把第一句的自动语态变成被动语态，同时把第一句的自动语态变成被动语态，同时留意时态的正确性留意时态的正确性: 把第二句的被动语态变成自动语态把第二句的被动语态变成自动语态:This is to certify that Mr. Deng Yong has been employed in our College as a teacher of Foreign Languages Department for the past three years.He has faithfully attended to his duty and has proved himself t

27、o be industrious and thoroughly competent.Task 1 B)就业证明就业证明 兹证明邓勇先生受雇于广东国际经济学院，兹证明邓勇先生受雇于广东国际经济学院，在外语系从事教学任务已有在外语系从事教学任务已有3年。任务刻苦、有年。任务刻苦、有责任心、表现出色。特此证明。责任心、表现出色。特此证明。 外语系外语系 广东国际经济学院广东国际经济学院Task 2AHealth Certificate To Whom It May Concern, This is to certify that Mr. Li Yuanhong physically and ment

28、ally healthy. This statement bases on his health history and a recent physical check-up. My observation of his condition is he is capable of doing extensive hard work. Physician Wang ZhiwenTask 2 A) To Whom It May Concern, This is to certify that Mr. Li Yuanhong is physically and mentally healthy. T

29、his statement is based on his health history and a recent physical check-up. My observation of his condition is that he is capable of doing extensive hard work. Physician Wang Zhiwen Task 2A安康证明安康证明 根据李元洪先生最近的体检报告和过根据李元洪先生最近的体检报告和过往的安康史，证明李元洪先生身体安康。往的安康史，证明李元洪先生身体安康。胜任各种的艰苦任务岗位。特此证明。胜任各种的艰苦任务岗位。特此证明

30、。 医生医生 王志文王志文Task 2B Marriage Lines Serial No. 118324 Dec. 11, 2019 Zhang Hui, male, aged 28 and Zheng Zhilan, female, aged 24 are hereby married of their own free will. Upon due examination, they are found in conformity with the articles on marriage of the Marriage Law of the PRC. We give this marr

31、iage certificate. Dec. 11, 2019Task 2B) Marriage Lines Serial No. 118324 Dec. 11,2019 Zhang Hui and Zheng Zhilan are hereby married of their own free will. Upon due examination, it is found in conformity with the articles on marriage of the Marriage Law of the PRC. They are given this marriage lines

32、. are hereby married是“系动词+表语构造，其中married是过去分词，作描画词用，表示一种形状，而不表示动作，在句子中作表语。Task 2B结婚证结婚证序号：序号：1183242019年年12月月11日日 张辉，男，张辉，男，28岁，与郑芝岚，女，岁，与郑芝岚，女，24岁双方自愿根底上提出结婚恳求。经审查，符合中岁双方自愿根底上提出结婚恳求。经审查，符合中华人民共和国婚姻法结婚条例，特发此证。华人民共和国婚姻法结婚条例，特发此证。Task 3Doctors Certificate June 21, 2019 1) _ _(兹证明病人，罗伯特先兹证明病人，罗伯特先生，男，生，男，45岁，于岁，于2000年年6月月9日入住我医院日