现在完成时讲解及理解练习知识题(含答案解析)

1、时态讲解：现在完成时(1)构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has ,其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：否定式疑问式I have not (haven 't) studied .Have I studied？You have not (haven't) studied .Have you studied？He has not (hasn 't) studied.Has he studied？否定疑

2、问式简单回答(肯定/否定)Have I not (Haven ' t I) studied ？Yes, you have. No, you haven' t.Have you not (Haven ' t you) studied?Yes, I have. No, I haven ' t.Has he not (Hasn ' t he) studied ?Yes, he has. No, he hasn ' t.(2)用法：1)现在完成时通常表示在 说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该 动作或状态对现在的 结果或影响。My dau

3、ghter has just gone out.我女儿刚出去。I' m sure we ' ve met before.我肯定我们以前见过面。She has arrived.她至 U 了。2)表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用,如 recently, already, just, lately, for ,since ,yet 等。如:I haven ' t heard from her these days.这些日子我没有收到她的信。We havent seen you recently.最近我们没有见到你。They have be

4、en away for two years.他们离开已经两年了。She has beenwith us since Monday.汪后：1) since和for的区别since 后接时间点，如 1993 , last term, yesterday, the time I got there 。 for 后接一 段时间，表示"长达多久"，如ten years, a while, two days 等。2. Jill has been in Ireland4. Mary is in her office.Exercise: 用 since 和 for 填空1. Jim has

5、 been in Ireland Monday.three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia 15 days.6. The bus isShe has been there 7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country 1974.late. They've been waiting 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.8. Mike has been ill a

6、long time. He has been in hospital October.2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die 等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：He has come here for 2 weeks.x The old man has died for 4 months.They have left only for 5 minutes.以上三句话可以改为:He has been here for 2 weeks.The old man has

7、for 4months. They have only for 5 minutes.3) have (has) been 和 have (has) gone 的区别：表示“曾到过某地"要用 "have (has)been "表示“已经去某地"要用 "have (has) gone "。试比较：Where has he been? 他刚才到哪里去了？(已经回来了)Where has hegone?他上哪儿去了 ？(人不在)They have been to Canada.他们到过加拿大。(现在已经不在加拿大)They have gone

8、 to Canada.他们到加拿大去了。(可能在路上和已经到加拿大).4)现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two daysago, just now, when I came in,但可以和 already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。例如：She has already come.她已经来了。I haven ' t read it yet.我还没读过这个。I have m

9、et him before.我从前曾见过他。Ma Honghas always been a good student.马红直是个好学生。I haveoften seen him in the street.我经常在街上看见他。They have never been to Yanan. 他们从未去过延安。I haven't seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。Irregular VerbsBase FormPast FormPast Participlebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbr

10、ingbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfindfoundfoundflyflewflowngetgotgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhadhearheardheardkeepkeptkeptleaveleftleftloselostlostmakemadema

11、deputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsoldsoldsendsentsentsingsangsungsinksank/sunksunktaketooktakenteachtaughttaughtwritewrotewroteam, iswasbeenarewerebeenExercise:I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.1. I already(see) the film. I(see) it last week.2.he(finish) his work tod

12、ay? Not yet.3. My father just(come) back from work. He is tired now.4.Where ' s Li Ming ? He(go) to the teacher ' s office.5. I(work) here since I(move) here in 1999.6. So farI(make) quite a few friends here.7. How long the Wangs(stay) here ? For two weeks.8.I just(finish) my homework.9. He(

13、go) to school on foot every day.10. you(find) your science book yet?11. If it(be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.12.The students(read) English when the teacher came in.13. Look! The monkey(climb) the tree.14.My mother(come) to see me next Sunday.15. I've lost my pen.you(see) it anywhere?II.

14、 Choose the best answer.1. How long have you here?A. comeB. gotC. arrivedD. been2. My grandpa died.A. at the age of my 2B. for 2 yearsC. when I was 2.D. my age was 6.3. Jane has to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.A. beenB. goneC. wentD. never been4. It is ten years I last saw her.A. afterB. sin

15、ceC. forD. that5. -Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?-I will. I her several times.A. metB. have metC. had metD. will meet6. -What a nice dress! How long you it?-Just 2 weeks.A. will, buyB. did, buyC. are, havingD. have, had7. -Do you know Lydia very well?-Yes, She and I friends since we were

16、very young.A. have madeB. have become C. have beenD. have turned8. The Smiths in China for 8 years.A. has livedB. livedC. have beenD. live9. -Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking.Can I speak to Mr. Black?一 Sorry. He the Bainiao Park.A. has been toB. has gone toC. went toD. will go to10. -you ever to th

17、e US?-Yes, twice.A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, goD. were, goingIII. Rewrite the sentences.1. I have been to Macau before.（改为否定句）I been to Macau before.2. He hasn ' t come to school because .he was,.ilj.（ 就划线部分提问）he come to school?3. I bough a new bike just now.（ 用 just 改写）I just a new bike.

18、4. We began to learn English three years ago.（ 改为同义句 ）We English three years5. He has never surfed,?（改成反意疑问句）6. They have been here since 2000.（对划线部分提问）have they been here?7. The old man last year. He has for a year. (die)(动词填空)8. Miss Gao left an hour ago.(同义句转换)Miss Gao has an hour ago.IV. Ask the

19、 questions1) I have been there for two days.you?2) My father has lived here since 2000.your father?3) He left here yesterday. he?4) They bought a book two hours ago. they a book?V . Use “ never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since" to fill in the blanks.1. I have seen him before, so I have no

20、idea about him.2. Jack has finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.4. “Have you seen the film? ”"No, I have seen it. ”5. "Has the bus left? ”"Yes, it has left.”现在完成时练习题及答案一、翻译下列句子：1 .你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？3.我以前从来没去过那个农场。5.你已经看过这部电影了吗？7.这本字典我已买了三年了。9.我认识他们五年了。11.自从他搬

21、到济宁，他就住这儿了。已经三年。13.自从1999年以来他们就认识。了。2.我刚刚丢了我的化学书。4.他已经吃过午饭6.我哥哥还没回来。8.他离开中国三年了。10.他们已去了美国五年了。12.我妹妹成为一个大学生14.我来到这个学校已 3年多、用since和for填空1.two years2.two years ago3.last month4.5.yesterday6.4 o clock74 hours8.an hour ago9. we were children10.lunch time11.she1999left here12. He has lived in Nanjing the

22、year before last.13. I ve known him we were children.has studied Japanese three years.15. She has been away from the city about ten years.ten years she left the city.14. Our teacher16. It s about三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。 arrive at / in sp / get to / reach sp / come / go / move to spf be in sp

23、 / at school / at home / on the farm / be here / be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.HeBeijing for2) I moved to the USA in 2008.Ithe USA since3) I went home yesterday.Ihome for4) They came here last week.They here since come to / go back to / return to f be back togo out f be out1) He came

24、 out two years ago.He for.2) We return to Beijing yesterday.We to Beijing since. become f be1) I became a teacher in 2000. I a teacher for2) The river became dirty last year. The river dirty for close f be closedopenbe open1) The shop closed two hours ago. The shop for2) The door opened at six in th

25、e morning.The door for sixhours. get up - be up ; die - be dead ; leave sp. f be away from sp.fall asleep / get tot sleep f be asleep ; finish / end f be over ； marry f be married ; 1) I got up two hours ago.I since.2) He left Shanghai just now.He Shanghai for fiveminutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.

26、My grandpa for.4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago .I since.6) They married in 1990.They since. start / begin to do sth. f do sth. ； begin f be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.I at this school since.2) The film began two minutes ago.T

27、he film for. borrow f keep ; lose f not have ; buy f have ; put on f wear catch / get a cold f have a cold ; get to know f know 1) They borrowed it last week.They it since.2) I bought a pen two hours ago.I a pen for3) I got to know him last year.I him since.4) I put on my glasses three years ago. I

28、my glasses for. have / has gone tof have been inHe has gone to Beijing.He Beijing for two days. join the league / the Party / the armyf be a league member /a Party member / a soldierf be a member of the league / the Partyf be in the league / the Party / the army1) He joined the league in 2002.He a f

29、or two years.He a the for two years.He the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother a for.My brother in for two years.四、划线提问1) I have been there for two days.you?2) My father has lived here since 2000.your father?3) He left here yesterday. he?4) They bought a book

30、two hours ago. they a book五、用 have(has) been 或 have(has) gone 填空。A: Where Li Fei?B: He to Hainan Island.A: How long he there?B: He there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you know?B: I' m afraid he won ' t come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry,

31、 I never there.A: How many times Li Fei to that place?B: He there only once.及go的各种形式填空。六、用 have / has been to / in, have gone to1) Where is Jack? He his country.2) David the park just now.3) John England since he came back.4) How long they this village?5) The Smiths Beijing for years.6)you ever Amer

32、ica? - Yes, I there many times.7) I this school since three years ago.8) Where is Jim? He the farm.9) When he? He an hour ago.10) Would you like to to the zoo with me? -Yes, but I there before.11) Where you now? - I to the zoo.12) He often swimming.13)you there last year?14)they often skating in win

33、ter?七 用 never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since 填空1. I have seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has finished his homework.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ten years.4. “Have you seen the film? ”"No, I have seen it. ”5. "Has the bus left? ”"Yes, it has left.”八

34、.用适当的时态填空：1.She ' s(live) here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them(be) in Hongkong for ten days.3.Both of them(come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour(pass) since the train(leave).5. Mary(lose) her pen.you(see) it here and there?6. you(find) your watch yet?7. -Are you thirsty? -No I jus

35、t(have) some orange.8. We already(return) the book.9. they(build) a new school in the village?10. I(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?11. My father(read) the novel twice.12. I(buy) a book just now.13. I(lost ) my watch yesterday.14. My father(read) this book since yesterday.答案2. I have just

36、lost my4. He has already had lunch.翻译下列句子:1. Have you ever had / eaten fish and chips?chemistry book.3. I have never been to the farm before.He has had lunch already.5. Have you seen the movie yet?6. My brother hasnt come/get / been back yetMy brother hasn t returned yet.8.7. I have had this diction

37、ary for three years / since three years ago.Has been away from China for three years.9. I have known them for five years.10. They have been in the USA for five years.11. He has been here since he moved to Jining.been in12. My sister has been a college student for three years = My sister has college

38、for three years.13. They have known each other since 1999.14. I have been in this school for over three years.、用 since 或者for 填空1. for2. since3. since4. since5. since6. since7. for8 since9.since10. since11. since12.since13. since14.for15.for16. since三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语 1. has been in , fi

39、ve minutes2. have been in , 20083. have been at, two days4. have been , last week 1. have been out, two years2. have been back , yesterdayhas been , the army 1. have been , nine years2. has been , two years 1. has been closed , two hours2. has been open 1. have been up , two hours ago2. has been away from3. has been dead , seven years4. has been over5. have been asleep , two hours ago6. have been married ,1990 1. have taught , 19952. has been on , two minutes 1.