人教版八年级英语下册Unit1知识点讲解

1、初二英语下Un it 1 What ' s the matter?马思特教育Unit 1重点知识讲解Grammar情 态 动 词 (ModalVerbs)情态动词should意为“应该，应当”，必须和后面的动词原形一起构成谓语，没有人称和数的变化。用以表达职责和义务、提 出 劝 告 ， 而 且 表 述 的 是 自 己 的 主 观 看 法 。1. should的句式结构句式结构例句肯定句主语 +should+doThey should eat a balaced diet.他们应该平衡饮食。否定句主语 +should not +doThey shouldn *teat too much.

2、他们不该吃得太多。一般疑问句-Should + 主语 +do+？-yes,主语 +should.-No,主语 +shouldn,t.-It's too cold. Should I close the window?太冷了，我该关上窗户吗?-Yes, you./No, you是的，你应该。/不，你不应该。2.should 的用去用法例句表示劝告、建议Youanswer the question in English.你应该用英语回答这个问题。表示推测Theybe at home now, I think.我认为，他们现在应该在家。表示惊讶、赞叹、不满等HowI know让?我怎么知道这

3、间事情呢？注意：should在以why，who，how等疑问词开头的问句中，意为“竟然，居然，怎么会”，表示意外、惊喜或在说话人看来是不可思议的。其他表示建议的句型用法例句Shall we/l + do+ ?Shall wefor a walk?咱们去散步好吗？What/How about+doing/sth ?What aboutswimming?去游泳怎么样？Let's + do ?Let'sand吧。them.咱们去看看他们You'd/We'd better (not) + do ?We我们最好再稍等一会儿wait a little longer.oWhy

4、 don *you + do ?Why don ryou 为什么不出去散步呢？a walk outside?Why not + do ?Why为什么不出去散步呢？a walk outside?三、反身代词表示反射或强调的代词叫做反身代词。反身代词是由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称代词的宾格形式，词尾加self或selves组成。反身代词可译“本人”、“本身”，为加强语气，也常翻译为“亲自”自己”。不定人称代词。neoneself.1、反身代词的分类i.数一八人称第一：第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfHimself,herself Jtself复数ourselves

5、yourselvesthemselves2、反身代词的用法用法说明例句作动词的宾语常用于 enjoy,teach,hurt.buy, introduce5dress5help, look after, get dressed作宾语He is teachingEnglish.他在自学英语。We enjoyedlast night.昨天晚上我们玩得很开心。做介词的宾语常用于 in,on,with,of,after,by 作宾 语She lives byin thecountryside.她一个人生活在乡下。做同位语强调作用、加强语气Did you make the cake7 这蛋糕是你亲自做的嘛

6、？Mr. Blackis a lawyer.布莱克先生本人就是一名律师。做表语强调“自己”Just be.做你自己就好了。Mary hasn't quite been recently.玛丽最近有些不对劲。单词的用法Section A1. What's the matter?怎 么了？该句常用询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了什么麻烦，其后用with引出对象。1) . What 'the matter with sb.?=whafs wrong with sb.?=whafs the trouble/problem with sb.?=whafs one'stroub

7、le/problem?e.g. Whafs the matter with Tom?=whaVs with Tom?=What'the with Tom?=What 'sTom's ?2) .matter,名词，“问题，事情”e.g. We have important(matter) to discuss.我们有些重要的问题要讨论。3) .动词，“要紧，关系重大”e.g. It dosen*t that you came late.2. I have a cold.我感冒了。1) .have/get/catch a cold 感冒，着凉初二英语下Un it 1 Wha

8、t 1 s the matter?马思特教育The old man a cold yesterday 那 位老人昨天感冒了2) . have +a/an +疾病名称“意为"得了.病”have a fever, have a cough,have a headache-3. I have a sore back 我背痛。* I have a sore +身体部位”意为“痛”辨析sore和achesore形容词，意为“疼痛的；酸痛的”用于身体部位名词前sore feetsore leg sore throatache名词，构成复合词headache; stomachache4. lie

9、down and and rest.1).lie的不同含义及词性变化单词词性词义现在分词过去式过去分词lie动词躺；平躺lyinglayLainlie动词说谎lyingliedLiedlie名词谎言无上无Katy(lie) on the bed and read the letter last night.凯蒂昨晚躺在床上看书。He (lie) to me about the resut对于结果他对我说了谎。2). rest动词，”休息，放松”May him rest in peace.have/take a rest 休息，放松=rest5. You need to take breaks

10、away from the computer.take breaks = take/have a break 休息We are a break under the tree 我 们正在树下休息。6. Yeah, I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.是的，我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐 太久了。1) , In the same way:以同样的方式，以相同的方式She worked out the math problem in the same way.2)向thout为介词，意为“无，没有，不”You canlb

11、uy things money!你没有钱就买不了东西。He left without anything.他什么都没有说就离开了。7. When the driver saw an old man lying on the side og the road.这时，司机看到路边躺着一位老人。see/watch/notice/hear sb.doing sth.强调看到/听到的动作的正在进行 see/watch/notice/hear sb.do sth. 强调看到/听到的动作的完整性e.g. I often him in the garden last month.上个月，我总是看到他在花园里干活

12、。(强调全过程)I him in the garden when I passed by yersterday.昨天我看见他正在花园里干活。(强调动作正在进行)8. He expected most or all the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.1) expect +名词/代词“期待；预料”I am a phone call from her.我正在等她的电话。2) .expect to do sth.She expects to go there next week.她期望下周去那里。3) .expect sb. to

13、do sth. He expected her to go with him.4) .expect +that 从句 I expect that hellcome back tomorrow.9. But to my surprise, they all agreed to go with him.1) . to one s'surprise使惊讶的是，出乎 意料”my(surprise), he refused to cooperate with us.让我惊讶的是，他拒绝与我们合作。2) .agree “同意”a. agree to do sth.同意做某事”b. agree wi

14、th sb.C. agree on sth.就某事达成一致”e.g. My mother agreed(buy) me a new pen.I entirely agree you.We agree the question.10.辨析 thanks to /thanks forthanks to多亏，由于“，to是介词，其后接名词、代词或 doingthanks for因而感谢”，for后接感谢的原因，常为名词或doing形式，Thanks you, I am not lost.幸亏你我才没有迷路。Thanks sending me such a nice gift.谢谢你寄给我这么好的一个

15、礼物。11. get into trouble造成麻烦(或烦恼)；陷入困境"trouble是不可数名词。be in trouble再麻烦和困境中”e.g. Lisa trouble when she climed the mountain.Let us help the people who are.12. Did you fall down?fallfellfallenfall down意为“倒F”，强调的是“滑倒，倒下”，不能直接跟宾语，加from连接宾 语，fall down from，表不“从 摔卜fall off跌落”，强调的是“从某处跌落,摔下来”=fall down f

16、rome.g. The dog down dead.那条狗倒卜去死了 。The boy the tree and broke his legs.The girl the bike.Section B1. Someone felt sick.Sick;生病的，恶心的。ill也是生病的，也可表示品质恶劣的辨析sick和illsick既可以作定语，也可以用作表语。表语时“恶心的”川既可以作定语，也可以用作表语。作定语时：表不“品质恶劣的“e.g. Everytime I get on a boat, I feel .He is an student, because he smokes and dr

17、inks.I have to look after my sister home at home today.2. Someone got hit on the head 有人头部受到了撞击 °某身体部位受到了撞击1) .get hit为系表结构：get hit +on/in +the+身体部位的名词，表示 e.g. The police officer on the shoulder.这位警官的肩膀受至撞击。2) .矶打击，击中“如果强调“集中某人的部位“可以用“hit sb. on/in the +身体部位” e.g. The bullet hit him on the back

18、.子弹击中了他的后背。3) .hit可以做名词，“轰动一时的成功的人或事；风靡一时的作品”。e.g. The song was a hit at once.3. have problems breathing1) . breathe, a 动词"呼吸" e.g. He was breathing hard when he finished the race.b.名词，breath，没有 “ e”take a deep breath 深呼吸；hold one's breath 屏住呼吸2) . have problems (in) doing sth.做某事有困难或麻

19、烦 Me.g. I have English.我学习英语有困难。4 .辨析 be used to doing/ be used to do /used to dobe used to doing意为“习惯于”，t。是介词+名词/doingbe used to do意为“被用来做” t。为不定式符号+d。原形used to do意为“过去常常” ，t。为不定式符号+d。原形e.g. I am to up early.我习 惯早起A pen is to.钢笔是用来写字的。He to books for an hour every day.他过去常常每天读一个小时的书。5 . find +宾语+宾补

20、1) .find 宾语 adj. We found him dishonest.我们发现他不诚实。2) .find 宾语 doing We found him others 'homework.我们发现他在抄别人作业。3) .find宾语 副词和介词短语lam so glad to find you.我很高兴发现你在家。I found the clothes style.我发现这些衣服过时了。6.辨析run out/run out of用尽，耗尽run out动词+副词”结构。相当于不及物动词，后面不接宾语，主语通常是“事物”时间， 金钱等run out of“动词+副词+介词”结构。

21、相当于及物动词，后面可以接宾语，主语通常是“人”Our money is out.我们的钱快用光了。We are running out money.我们的钱快用光了7.辨析 so that /so-thatso that“以便，为了 "=in order that,引导目的状语从句，常与can,could,may,might,will,would,should 等情态动词或助动词。so -.that“如此以至于“，引导结果状语从句，SO为副词，+adj/adv;that后跟从句。可以 与-enough to do和tooto do进行同义句转换。e.g. They got up e

22、arly they could catch the early bus.Say slowyTom ranfast=Tom ranfast8. sothat用法。1) . so + adj ./adv. +that2) .so + adj. +(+a/an)+n.+that3) . so + many/much/few/little +n.that_ I can follow you.I couldn * catch up with him.catch up with.e.g. The ceiling is so high that we couldn Teach.天花板如此高，我们够不着His

23、 son is so tall a man that he almost reaches the ceiling.他儿子那么高，几乎够至 U 天花板了 °Kate had so many falls that she was black and blue all over.凯特跌倒了好多次，摔得身体青一款紫一块。9. give up 放弃1) . “动词+副词”代词做宾语，代词放中间。give it/them/him/her-up2) . give up doing ifsgood for you to give up .戒烟对你有好处。10. I hurt myself playi

24、ng soccer.playing soccer现在分词做伴随状语。表示动作同时发生。其逻辑主语为句子的主语。e.g. I stayed up late yesterday, for a test.昨天我为测验熬夜学习至很晚。重点精准检测、单项选择。()1. The pear is too big for me. Let me a part for you.A. cut downB. cut offC cut up()2. Grace bought a lot of new clothes and all her money.A. run outB. run out ofC. ran of()

25、3. Your temperature is 39 C. Maybe you .A. have a coldB. have a headacheC. have a fever()4. Did you catch your plane? Yes. We got there justD. cut inD. ran out ofD. have a sore backD. in the timeD. used to liveA. on the timeB. at timesC. in time) 5. Sue came to the small town five years ago and she

26、here now.A. is used to liveB. is used to livingC. used to living) 6. To surprise, the five-year-old boy can sing so many English songs.A. myB. meC. ID. mine) 7. Emma likes dancing and she keeps on every day.A. dancingB. dances C. dance D. to dance() 8. What happened you yesterday?I hurt myself in P.

27、E. class.A. toB. on C. at D. with()9. Jim is always so busy he has little time for his family.A. if B. until C. that D. when () 10. Hi, John, ? My dog ' s leg is hurt.A. How are youB. What ' s the matter C. Who ' s thatD. What slucy like、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1. Look! A dog is (lie) by the side

28、 of the road.2. The little girl usually finishes her homework by (her) anti doesn 4 need others1 help.3. When I came into the library, I saw him ( read) a book there.4. Mr. Green agreed ( help) me with my math.5. You arc late for school again. I think you should ( get) up early tomorrow.6. What does

29、 he mean ( do) ?初二英语下Un it 1 What 1 s the matter?马思特教育7. Did you make a （ decide） to study medicine?8. Mr. Li put so many（ knife ） into his bag.9. My dream is to be a（climb ） one day.10. The little dog's （die） made me very sad.三、根据首字母或汉语提示完成下列句中所缺的单词。1. Susa n took her temperature and found she

30、had a high f .2. I have a t and I canthe old man, we found our way home.3.请记住当你生气的时候，不要做决定。Please remember not to whe n you are an gry.4.为了能赶上火车，我六点钟就出发了。 left at six I could catch the train.5.为了成功你不得不去冒险。You have to in order catch to succeed.五、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空（有两个多余）knife break decide advise trouble

31、risk high hurt lieJohn likes to do sport very much. His favorite sport is mountain climbing. Last spring, he made abig 1. to climb Mount Everest. He knew it was difficult to climb the world 1 2s in front of him, but he still wan ted to do so. Because that was his dream. t eat anything.3. You look so

32、 tired, so you n eed to have a r.4. Tony usually plays games with his classmates duri ng the b betwee n two classes.5. I have a s throat so I can1 t say a word.6. We usually walk with our （脚）and see with our eyes.6.1 r m feeling terrible. I have a （胃痛）8. The river is too deep, but Tom and Tony take （冒险） of swim ming there.9. Alex got hurt in the car accide nt and lost much （血）10. Kat