小升初英语题型分类讲义-辨音题学案

1、英语音标辨音英语年级六年级小升初知识点掌握每个音标的正确读音，从而止确拼读出每一个单词，熟悉音标发音规律。背诵并熟悉运用所有常用音标；教学目标提高学生信息阅读及筛选能力，要求熟练、准确掌握单词的发音。同时要学生提 高口头表达能力以及在掌握在面谈时的仪表仪态。教学重难点/、同音标的区分及运用单词辨音常见方法：分类选择法、对照选择法、分类排列法等。由于英语单词的拼法和读音之间有差异，因此就要求我们不仅能辨认音标，而且要掌握每个音标的正确读音，从而正确拼读出每一个单词。正确做好单词辨音，最重要的是先理清题意，辨清是哪一种类型，然后看清每题考察的是哪一个字母或字母组合的发音。简而言之，弄清考查题意和范

2、围，是单词辨音题的基本解题思路。英语发音规则、元音字母在重读音节中的读音字母坟日例词a开f e?name plane Jane baby cake闭音节中?bag dad hat map black backe中i :hethese me Chinese闭ir节中ebed let pen desk yesi开旨节中a?bike drive time nice kite闭音节中?fish big drink sit milk swimo中?uthose close go home no闭ir节中Dclock not box shop socku开if 中ju：student excuse dut

3、y Tuesday闭ir节中 Abus cup jump much lunch【注意】在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j, l ,r ,s后面时读u:音，例如June blue ruler super 巩固练习：判断下列各词划线部分发音是否相同，相同的打不同的打“X”1、first her ()2、fifth there ()3、today Saturday ()4、say says ( )5、eat keep ()6、April May ()7、look cartoon ()8、blow touch ()、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音字母坟日例词a?China another woman b

4、reakfast?orange village cabbagee?hundred student openweekend?chicken pocketbegini?/?holiday beautiful familyanimala?exercise satelliteo?second tonight somebody welcome?ualsozerophotou?autumn difficultju:popular congratulation January【注意】动词中的a如果处在开音节位置 启读性？音，例如:operateu处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j、l> r、s后面时,tu

5、(:)音，例如Julyinfluence February issue巩固练习：找出划线部分发音不同的选项。()1. A. must B. public C. question D. cup()2. A. danger B. her C. litter D. mother()3. A. stay B. away C .today D. Saturday()4. A. great B bread C. ready D. head()5. A. dear B. bear C. here D. nearby()6. A. cook B. room C. food D. shoot三、元音字母在重读音

6、节中的特殊读音字母坟日例词在w音后面读Dwantwhatwatchwash qualitya在 f、n、 sk、ph、sp、ss、afterplantgraphask graspst、th 前读q :glassfastfatheri在-nd、-ld 和-gh 前读q ?findchildlighthigh在-st、-ld 前读?umostoldcoldpostcardo在 m、n、v、th 前读Acomemonkeylovemother巩固练习：选出划线部分读音与其它三个不同的单词()1.A.photoB. boxC. clockD. lost()2.A. thankB. thinkC. th

7、ingD. brother()3.A. brownB. knowC. nowD. how()4.A. foodB. goodC. schoolD. room()5.A. blueB. busC. lunchD. number四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音字组坟日例词ar一读。:carfarmdarksharp在w后读?:warm quartertowardsor一读幻forty morning short在w音后读3 :word workerworseer、ir、 ur3 :certainly bird Thursday【注意】辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节，而是

8、按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音，例如:carry sorry hurry-r音节在非重读音节中通常读?音，例如：dollar teacher forget Saturday巩固练习：单词辩音()1. A. ruler B. her C. teacher ()2. A. bear B. dear C. hear()3. A. hobby B. over C. pocket()4. A. front B. month C. orange()5. A. grass B. cage C. skate()6. A. recorder B. October C. sports()7. A. sign B. b

9、ike C. public()8. A. moment B. phone C. stop五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读音例词aree?caredarehareere?heremereirea?firehirewireore?：morescorebefore shore boreureju：?pure cure【注意】are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读?音,例如:picture pleasure重读元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母r读r音，例如：parent zero story duri

10、ng inspiring某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象，例如 :orange very American paragraph巩固练习：找出划线部分发音不同的选项。()I.A.first B. birthday C. her D. worker()2.A.July B. June C. blue D. costume()3.A.April B. candle C. January D. back()4.A.near B. year C. pear D. hear()5.A.third B. there C. fifth D. three()6.A.read B. ready C. te

11、am D. sea判断下列各组单词画线部分的读音是否相同，用 “出”父示。()1. bear pear() 2. there here()3. race have () 4. just must()5. then they() 6. mobile pocket()7. ground cousin( ) 8. ball roll()9. shoot look( ) 10. video diary六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组坟日例词ai/aye?afraidrainwait day playaire?airhairchair pair repair?:lalwaysalsosalt al

12、mostalQ :halfcalmpalm在f、m 前?:lsmallballtalk wall allau/aw?:autumndaughter drawi:teacheasycheappleaseeaeheavybreadsweater weathere?breakgreat?heardearnear clear yeareare?bearpearwear3 :earthlearnearlyeei:jeepweekgreen threeeer?pioneerdeerbeerei/eye?eightneighbour theyi:eitherkeyeu/ewu:flewbrew在j、l、r、

13、s 后ju:newfew newspaperie/eii:piecefieldreceiveoa?ucoatJoanboat goaloar/oor?:roarboarddoor flooroi/oy?noisepointboy toiletu:broomfoodtooth schoolooubooklookcook foot goodQ uflowerhousecount down?uknowrowthrow thoughou/owAyoungcountry enoughu:groupyousoupour?:courseyourfourau?ourhour ours3 :journeyuiu

14、:juicefruitsuit在 j、l、r、s 后ju: ? fluidsuicide tuition巩固练习：找出划线部分发音不同的选项()1. A. must B. public C. question D. cup()2. A. danger B. her C. litter D. mother()3. A. stay B. away C .today D. Saturday()4. A. great B bread C. ready D. head()5. A. dear B. bear C. here D. nearby()6. A. cook B. room C. food D.

15、 shoot判断下列每组单词画线部分的发音是否相同，用“、或”求示。1. there here ()2. year hear ()3. dear bear ()4. where hair ()5 . pear near ()6 .their parents ()七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音元音字组坟日例词ai/ay、ei/ey?Sundayforeign monkeyow?uyellowsparrow tomorrowou、ui?/?。neighbourserious famous biscuit-sion、-tion/nimpressionnation-sion在元音字母后nvisi

16、ondecisionoccasion-tion在s后t f nquestionsuggestion-stensnlisten-stleslwhistlecastle-sure陷pleasuremeasure-turet /?pictureculture八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如：everyday e? handbag ? blackboard ?:有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分 要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如：sun太阳+ daye?

17、日子> Sunday?星期天break 中断 + fast a 流戒 > breakfast?早餐cup 茶杯 + board 木板?: > cupboard?碗柜九、辅音字组的读音字母组读音例词bbbikebusbag/bombtombkcakepicturecoat musicc在e前或在i/y前sfacedecidecinemat /muchchickrichteacherchkschoolheadache chemistry/machine-ckkcockpocketblack knockdddoctorbreadhand day-dged?bridgefridged

18、r-drchildrendriverdrinkfffivefourbreakfast-dsdzstandsfloodsgoodsggbaggardongo在e、i、y前d orangelarge Germanghfcoughenough/lightdaughter high在非重读音节中gguessleague dialoguegu-、-guegwlanguage anguish1-hhothead house handh/hourhonestjd?jeepjar joke join Julykkkindbike skate makekn-nknifeknow knocklllifemilks

19、chool tallmmmonkeycome autumn-mnmautumncolumnnnotshine ten noten在k/ g音前?unclethank hungry-ng?morningyoung wrongPppaperplane pig ship penPhfelephantphoto telephoneqkIraqqu-kwqualityquiterrredrubber ruler在词首或泊车fft的ssitsleep desks元音字母间或浊辅音前z musichusbandskScarletschoolsc-smusclesciencesh/shefishshirtwa

20、sh通常情况下ttenletter meett弱读字母ia、ie、 io前/patientnationtcht /Watchkitchen在通常情况下0 thin thirty methodth冠词、代词、介词、连词 e the these with than在词尾-the、-ther 中 e Clothes father weathertr-trtree train country trucktstssportspartsvvveryvoiceloveleavewweekwinwakesweetwaitw/answertwowh-wh-在字母o前wwhatwhenwhitewhyhwho w

21、hose whole重读兀首前ksboxtextexercisexgzexampleexistexactwr-rwritey-jyesyardyellowyoungzzpuzzlezerozoo十、重读音节、开音节、闭音节1、重读音节单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节，多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多 数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。2、开音节绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。【辅音 + 元音】例如：no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。【辅音+

22、元音+辅音（r除外）+不发音的el伤J如:name these bike home3、闭音节单个元音字母后面有辅字组（r w y除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节【元音+辅音】或【元音+辅音+辅音】例如：bag egg fish not cup4、多音节词重读规则通常在倒数第三个音节重读。例如 :el-e-phant con-gra-tu- la-tion词尾有-ic 或-tion , -sion 的词，在-ic 或 -sion , -tion 前的个音节上重读。例如 : sci-en-ti-fic im-pre-ssion na-tion巩固练习：根据所给音标写出单词/'kwest?!/

23、'hel / 9?/'ri: ?l?/'h?b ?t/'t?k?n/'k?r ?t/'ved?t?bl/'b?:(r) 9/de?/bred/ra?t/常用音标单词汇总q : grass, class , ask , after, farm far farther park? young some ,come， brother， mother bus , sun ,but?: warm for morning short sport horse all , walk? hot , stop , clock, want ,what, wat

24、ch , wash?: learn early her work bird girl birthday shirt skirt third first turn nurse Thursday ? brother father mother sister teacher number after flower doctor visitor mirror ? cat ,black ,glade head sweaterbreakfast ready bread heavy bed , left , helpi: peach beacheach please readteacher teach ea

25、t seat tea meat ice- creammeansweet tree needstreet sweep weekend these , he, she, wesee three greeni big ,milk ,thinkgive ,liveu: food school too cartoon whosezoo coolroom noodle afternoon soonballoon spoonmoon? cook foot footballclassroombedroom bathroom look goodgoodbye bookshould0 mouth think thinwouldthank bathro