选修八unit2知识点

1、选修八unit2知识点Unit 2 Cloning单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要 点）词 汇 部 分词 语 辨 析1. aloud / loud / loudly 2. obtain / acquire / gain / earn / achieve词 形 变 化1. object vi.不赞成；反对objectionn.不赞成； 反对2. popular adj. 流行 的，通俗的， 广受欢迎的popularityn.普及；流 行；名望popularizevt.使普及， 使流行3. resist v.才氐(1)彳resistancen.抵抗力，表抗几resistant n.抵抗者a

2、dj.反抗的, 耐 的4. decorate vt.decoration 装装饰(®)装璜 装 璜5. reason n.v.分析，推 论（理）；劝告reasonable 扇j.通情 四理的；合 理的 理 性unreasonabl e adj.不合 理的；荒唐 的重 占八、 单 词重占 八、词 组重点 句型 重点1. differ vi.不同；相异2. undertake vt. (undertook;undertaken) 着手；从事；承担；同意) 答应3. forbid vt. （forbade or forbad; forbidden）禁止；不准；阻止妨碍4. accumula

3、te vt.&vi. 积累；聚积5. owe vt.欠；应该把归功于；感激，感恩6. retire vi.退休（役）；退出，撤退；就寝7. bother vt.打扰vi.操心n.烦扰8. obtain vt.（正式；尤指通过努力或计 划）获得；得到1. pay off得到好结果，取得成功（常用主 动态）；偿清债款；付清工资解雇2. in favor of赞成；支持；对有利3. be bound to do 一定； 注定（做）4. be in good/poor/excellent condition处於好的、坏的、极佳的状况1. The fact that she seemed to

4、develop normally was very encouraging.同位语从句（见语法部分）语法语言要点（模块）I .词语辨析（旨在提供完形填空所需材料）1. aloud / loud / loudly【解释】aloud adv.重点在于 出声"能被人听见，但声 音不一定很大），通常与read等词连用： read aloud 朗读，读出声 shout/call/laugh aloud大声叫喊/笑loud作形容词时意为大声的”，作副词时特指（谈笑等）大声地”，常用比较级形式；loudly犬声地，吵闹地”，强调声音喧闹、不悦耳，与 quietly 相对【练习】用aloud , l

5、oud, loudly的适当形式填 空。1) . The teacher asked me to read the poem2) . The radio isn enough. Could you turn it up a little?3) . I could hear people over there talking with each other about the news.4) . Could you speak ?Keys: 1). aloud 4). louder2) . loud3) . loudly2. obtain / acquire / gain / earn / ac

6、hieve【解释】obtain JO acquirem彳可桌加神益或女,处；为得到；获得,多指成就、目标、“指卤工作等而得到报【练习】 用 obtain)acquire)gain)earn)achievea week?success and wealth.的适当形式填空。1) . How much do you3). He2) . The movie star experience through practice.4) . It is through learning that the individul many habitual ways of reacting to situation

7、s.by buying stocks that5) . An investor go up in value.Keys: 1). earn 2). achieved 3). obtained4). acquires5). gainsn .词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)1. object vi.不赞成；反对objection n.不赞成；反对2. popularpopularity n.普popularize vt.adj. 流行 的，通俗 的，广受欢 迎的及；流行；名望使普及，使流行3. resist v.抵()一 /，resistance n.抵抗力，反抗豆亢氐resistant n.

8、抵抗者adj.反抗的，耐 的4. decorate vt.decoration n.装饰（品）维璜装璜5. reason n.reasonable adj.unreasonable情达理的;理的合adj.不合理的; 荒唐的V.分析，推论(理)；劝告【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1) . I strongly object to (treat) like a child.2) . If no one has any (object), I will declare the meeting closed us with hope.3) . The no-smoking policy wa

9、s introduced with little(resist) from staff.4) . When will they finish the (decorate) of the bathroom?5) . The building (decorate) with flags., the event was a great success.6) . Don't let your boss make(reason) demands on you.7) . The president s (popular) has declined considerably.8) . The Pre

10、sident is very (popularize) with Jewish voters.Keys: 1). being treated 2). objection 3). resistance 4). decoration5) . was decorated 6). unreasonable7). popularity 8). popularm .重点词汇(旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料)1. differ vi. 不同； 相异 difference n. 不同之处 different adj. 不同的典例1) . Their house differs from mine in havi

11、ng no garage.他们的房子与我的不同，区别在于他 们的没有起车库。2) . The two sides still differ with each other over the question of pay.双方在报酬的问题上仍 各持己见。重点用法A differs from B in. A 与 B 在方面不同A differs with B about/on/over. A 与 B 就意见相左2. undertake vt. (undertook; undertaken) 着手;从事；承担；同意，答应，保证(后接to do)典例1) . She undertook the re

12、sponsibility for these changes.她承担了做出这些改变的责任。2) . He undertook to pay the money back in one month.他答应在一个月之内还钱。3. forbid vt. (forbade or forbad; forbidden) 禁 止；不准；阻止妨碍典例1) . The law forbids the use of chemical fertilizers.法律禁止使用化学肥料。2) . I forbid you to tell anyone.我不准你告诉任何人。重点用法forbid sth. / doing s

13、th.禁止)不许(做某事)forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做某事4. accumulate vt.&vi. 积累 ； 聚积 accumulation n u,c 积累典例1) . By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune.她由於投资精明而积蓄了一笔财产。2) . Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly. 房屋不经常打扫 ,尘 土很快就越积越多。5. owe vt.欠；应该把归功于；感激，感恩典例1) . He owes his

14、father 50. =:He owes 50£to his father.他欠他父亲50英镑。2) . We owe this discovery to Newton. 我们的这 一发现归功於牛顿。重点用法owe sb sth = owe sth to sb 欠(某人)债owesth to sb/sth将某事物归因或归功於某人/事 练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介 词。3) . How much do I owe you the groceries?4) . He owes his success more luck thanability.5) . I owe a lot

15、my wife and children.Keys: 1). for 2). to; to 3). to6. retire vi.退休(役);退出，撤退；就寝典例1) . He will retire from the army next year. 他明 年从部队退役。2) . Our forces retired to prepared positions. 我 们的部队撤退到既设阵地上。重点用法retire from.从 退休(役)/退出retire(from.) (to.)退下，退出，离开(尤指到僻静 处)7. bother vt.打扰vi.操心 n.烦扰典例1) . I am bus

16、y; don ' t bother melnoW忙，现 在别打扰我。2) . I am sorry to bother you, but can you tell me the time.对不起，打扰了，请问现在几点？重点用法bother with/about 一为而烦恼；因操心bother to do / doing 费神做练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词 或翻译。8. obtain vt.(正式；尤指通过努力或计划)获得; 得到obtainable adj能得到的；可获得的典例1) . I haven't been able to obtain that record

17、 anywhere.我到处都没买到那张唱片。2) . He said that the police had obtained this information by illegal means.他说警方是靠非法手段获得这一资料的。重点用法obtain sth from sb/sth 从获得某物练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。1) . Are his records still(obtain)?2) . Further information can be obtained 份词)head office.Keys: 1). obtainable 2). FromIV .重点词组(旨在提

18、供综合运用所需材料)1) pay off得到好结果，取得成功(常用主动态); 偿清债款；付清工资解雇典例2) . At last, his hard work paid off. 最后,他的努 力得到了回报。3) . Did your plan pay off? 你的计划成功了吗？短语归纳pay短语：pay for付的钱；为而付出代价pay back sth. (pay sb. back sth.) 偿还pay sb. (.) for sth.因某事而付某人pay sb. (.) to do sth.付某人(法做某事练习用与pay相关的词组或所给词适当的形 式填空。1) . After ten

19、 years of hard working she finallyher debt.2) . Our efforts are sure to.3) . Her parents America.4) . Have you the milkman this week?5) . Have you the money thebank yet?6) . I will you next week.7) . I paid the boy ten yuan (clean) the window.Keys: 1). paid off 2). pay off 3). paid for4) . paid5) .

20、paid; to 6). pay; back 7). to clean2. in favor of赞成；支持；对有利典例1) . I am in favor of your suggestion. 我赞成你的 提议。2) . I talked to Susan about it, and she's all in favor of going.我与苏珊谈了这件事，她完全 赞同走。重点用法ask a favor 请求帮忙do sb. afavor = do a favor for sb. 帮某人的忙3. be bound to do 一定；注定(做)典例1) . The weather

21、is bound to get better tomorrow.明天天气一定会变好。2) . You' ve done so much work that you're bound to pass the exam. 你下了这麽大工夫 一定能考及格。4. be in good/poor/excellent condition 处於好的 、坏的、极佳的状况典例1) . The ship is not in a condition/is in no condition to make a long voyage.此船的现 状不适宜远航。2) . The car is still i

22、n excellent condition. 这小车 状况极佳。短语归纳condition 短语：out of condition 健康状况欠佳 working/living/syudying conditions 工作、生活、 学习环境on condition (that). 在条件下；倘若 on no condition 一点也不;决不V .重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)1) The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. 她(多莉羊) 似乎生长 正常的事实很鼓舞人心。解释“that she seemed to develop normally 是一个同位语从句)作the fact的同位语。同位 语从句一般由that引导，常放在fact, truth ,