最新人教版初中英语被动语态(知识点汇总+练习试题)

1、初中英语被动语态汇总语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。一被动语态的时态：1. 一般现在时的被动语态： am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2. 一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3. 一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词4. 现在进行时的被动语态： am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5. 现在完成时的被动语态： have /has +been +动词的过去分词6. 情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词 + be +动词的过

2、去分词二被动语态的基本用法 :(1) 需要强调动作的承受者时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the world English is widely spoken in the world now.(2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today . The problem is dealt with now .(3) 当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young

3、.三主动主动语态变被动语态的变法：口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。注：1. 主动、被动的时态要一致。2. 主动、被动的句式要一致。3. 变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。语态转换不被动语态的步骤1. 把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语2. 把动词改为被动语态形式即“be+过去分词”。3. 原来主动语态句子中的主语,如果需要就放在by 的后面以它的宾格形式出现(因为by 是介词,后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语。) 以指明做事的人或物,如果没有必要,可以省略。4. 其它成分不变5. 被动语态中by+宾语”的省略 被动语态句式中的by+宾语”表示及 物动

4、词所表示动作的执行者,但是在遇到以下情况时,表示动作执行者by +宾语 常常被省略。(1) 动作执行者不确定时Paper is made from wood . Many people are killed in traffic accidents every year .(2) 不必表明动作执行者时English is also spoken as the second language as well as one of the official languages Football is played in most schools 。(3 ) 动作执行者为一般大众时Both Engli

5、sh and Spanish are spoken in this area.般过去时的被动语态的基本句式(1) 肯定式 :主语 + was /were +过去分词+byIt was made in Beijing Renai Education Institute .(2) 否定式:主语 +was /were + not + 过去分词 + byShe was not given a paniting by him . This question was not discussed at the meeting yesterday .(3) 一般疑问句 :Was /Were + 主语 +过去分

6、词+by ?Was it made of bamboo?(4) 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were + 过去分词 +byWhat was is made of ?教你一招 如果句子为一般现在时,主动语态用 do/does ,被动语态用is/am /are 如果句子为一般过去时,主动语态用did ,被动语态用was/were .由情态动词构成的被动语态的基本句式(1) 肯定式:主语 +情态动词+be+ 过去 -Water can be changed into ice.She ought to tidy up her bedroomHer bedroom ought to be tidie

7、d up.You should buy a dictionary at onceA dictionary should be bought at once by you.(2) 否定式:主语 + 情态动词 +not +be +过去分词+byYou must not take out any books .-Any books mustnt be taken out by you .They neednt look after the little childThe little child neednt be looked after (by them)(3) 疑问句 :情态动词+主语+be

8、+过去分词+byCan you use it ?Can it be used ?常 见 的 情 态 动 词 有 :can,may, ought to, must , dare , need,should.主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况 :1, 当宾语是反身代词时 The man introduced himself as Mr.Parker .2, 当谓语是表示状态的及物动词时 Does the pair of new shoes suityou? We will have a meeting . 四特殊情况的被动语态：1.带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb(间宾)+sth(直宾)口诀：如遇双宾

9、语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变， to /for 间宾连。(1) .give/pass /show 与介词to 搭配。give sb sth sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb .(2) .buy/make/cook 与介词for 搭配。buy sb sth sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sbHe gave me a bookI a book by him.A book me by him .My mother made me a cake .I a cake by my motherA cake m

10、e by my mother .2. 带省 to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词 + sb + do sth口诀：感使动词真叫怪， to 来 to 去记心怀，主动语态to 离去被动语态 to 回来。 动词： make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch make sb do sthsb + be +made +to do sthThe boss made the workers work all dayThe workers work all day by the boss.3. see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth

11、句 型 中 变 被 动 语 态 时 doing 不变。I heard Tom singing just nowTom by me just now .4. 以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。 We should take care of the old .The old should .四注意事项：1 .有 些 及 物 动 词 或 动 词 短 语 不 能 用 于 被 动 语 态 ： last ,have ,own .belong to ,suit fine2 . 不及物动词是没有被动语态： happen ,take place ,appear , hold （容

12、纳）3 .系动词是没有被动语态：Look, feel ,sound ,smell ,taste . The dish tastes good .4 . 有 些 词 组 没 有被 动 语 态 ： sell well , write well ,ride well ,drivewellThis kind of skirt sells well.5 . need表示需要时，后面常接doing形式表示被动意义，相当于to be done .All the computers need repairing .= All the computers need 6 .在tooto及enough to结构中有

13、时表示被动意义。The problem is too difficult to solve.对应的练习试题一、单项选择()1. Do you often clean your classroom?一Yes. Our classroom every day4A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D, is cleaning()2. A Talk on developments in science and technology in the school hallnext week.A. given B. will be given C. has been given

14、 D. give()3. His new book next month.A. 11 he published B. is publishingC. is being published D. has been published()4. Did you go to Jack s birthday party?-No, I.A. am not invitedB. wasnJ t invitedC. haven7 t invitedD, didn7 t invite()5. Muui can I go to the zoo with Jack?When your homework f you c

15、an,A, is done B. was done 0, does D. did()6* Twentyyearolds should not to drive in China*A, allow B. be allow C be allowed D. allowed.()7. Seeing him rush inro The room with tears in his eyes, I asked him whathappen had happened C* happened D- was happened.()8. The book BusinessSthe Speed of Thought

16、 in 1999.A. writes B. is written C. wrote D. was written.)9. Trees and fleers_every year to make our country more beautiful.A. is planted B. was planted C. are planted D. vere planted.Liu Kiang GoodD. have named.Will)10. China s sports stars Yao Ming and Ambg汨dsyf亲善大使fw Shang hai*A. has been named B

17、. have been named C. has named ()11. The earth is our home. It well.A.must be prorecred C.need protect ()12, In recent years, A- to do:interested in C. do： intereTedB, should protectD. should protected.many chi Idren are made3*to do;interestedD. do： nt erested.what they are not()13.a new library in

18、your school last year?A, Is;builr B. Tas:built C. Does;built . Did;built. ()14.An accident on this road last week.A. has been happened B+ was happened Ch is happened D. happened. 1 ) 15. Cotten in the southeast of China.A. giOTn B. are C. grow% D. groxr.()16. So far, the moon by man already*A. is vi

19、sited B, will be visited C. has been visited D, was visited.()17. Hot tnany trees this year?A. are planted B. wil 1 plant C. have been planxed D. planted()18, A lot of things by people to save xhe little girl 门口时, A. are doing B. are being done C, has been done D. will be done.()19. Xeither of them

20、in ChInaA. is made B. are made C. were made D. made.()20. Look! A nice picture for our teacher.A. is dra.in? B, is being drawn C. has been drawn D. draws.()21. Ycrnr ?hoes, Yon need a new pair.A. vear out B. worn out C. are orn out D_ is worn,I J 22. The doctor for yet.A. isn t sent B. hasn t been s

21、ent C. won t be sent D. wasn- t sent.()23 Hhen this kind of computer?Last year. A. did ;use B tvss jused C is ;used D, are; used()24. The Great Wall_about all over the world.A. knQs- B- kii咛w C. is kncwn D. was kiiQvn.()25.1in sunnier.A. born B.辟hm born C. have been horn D. am born.()26. He says tha

22、t Mr Zharug to the factory next week.A. is s&nt B. would wend C. was 客ent D- will be 苫己口t.9()27.Who this book ?A* did:written E. as rwritten by C. do ：written D, was;written 2S.Mary show me her new dictionary.A. has asked to B. was asked to C. i s asked D. asks to (i 29, A story _ by Granny yesterda

23、y.A, was told us B, was told to us C. is told us D. told usI i 30. The monkey was seen out of the tree.A. jump B. jumps C. junpod D. to jump(二)二、单项选择1)1 The People s Republic of China on October 1, 1949.A. found B. was founded C. is foanded D. was found i ) 2 English in Canada,Ai speaks B. are spoke

24、n C is speaking D. is spoken ()3 This English song by ihe girls after class.A* often sings B, often sang C. is ofren sang D. is often sung ()4 This kind of usih in JapannA, makes B made C. is making D- is madeI 5 New computers all over the world.A. is used B. are using C, are used D. have used 2()1

25、Our room must clean.A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep、J 2 一工, d like to buy that coat.一，m sorry. .X it sold B+sellins C. Its been sold D. it had been sold ) 3 A new house at the corner of the road.A. is building B. is beins built C. been built D. be building ()4 The key on the table when I

26、 leave,A. was left B. wi 11 be left C. is left D. has been left ()5 Doctors in every part of the world.A- need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need3() 1 Japanese in every country.A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking t J 2 These papers yet.A. have dot written B. have

27、not been writtenC, has not irritten D. has not been bitten()3 The sports meet be held until next week.A* didnt Bk won, t C, isnt D* doesn t4()1 -My shces 电ru worn out* 一 A. Can t they be mended? B. Let me have 录 look at it,C* H(?w muich do they cost? D. Cant they mended?()2 the watch been r-epaired

28、yet? I bad!?- n.sud it.A. Df ten.A, must be water B. mast be watered C. must watered D. must water ()2 The books may for two weeks.A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrm*()3 The broken bike here by Ur Smith.A. can mend 0. can mended C. can be mend B. can be mended7()1 The old bridge in my hometo

29、wn next month.A, is goia to be rebuilt B. will rebui ItC* are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilti_ 2 The play at the theatre next Sunday.A. is goins to be shown will shown C. will show D. is shown ()3 The old stone bridge nextA, is goiRg to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild i. are g。吕 to be reb

30、uilt D. will xebuiId158( ) 1 Now these magazines in the library for a long tline.A. have kept E. are keeping C, have been keeping; D+ have been kept ()2 The pot for hot 审ater.A. used; keeping B. vas used： keepingC. is used; to keep D. are used; keep ()3 Tea in the south of China.A* grows B. is gram

31、C were grown D. will gro()4 The bridges two years ago,A* is built B, built C. were built D. was built* 5 V-et c lothes are often up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung9( ) 1 The river smells terrible* People must _ dirty things into it.A, be stepped to throw B. be stopp

32、ed from throwingC, stop to throwD. stop from throwing()2 The teapot water.A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled ( ) 3 Old people must be looked after weland politely.A, speak to B* spoken C- speak D. spoken to()4 Old people must .A. look aft or wellB. be looked wel 1 afterC. looked

33、well afterD. be looked after well10()1 Newly-bornbabies in hospital.A. are taken good careB. are taken good care ofC. take good care ofD. take good care()2 They w&re at rhe sudden noise.A. frighteniag B. frightened C- frighten D. frightens ! ) 3 These walls stones.A, are made of B. made of are made

34、into D, made into 11(? 1 Jane to sing us an Am已rican song last Saturday,A, called B, was asked C, Told D* was said()2 The papers tc thenLA. were shom B. show C. sho / D. have shon()3 The coat her sister.A, made to B. were made for C. was made for D. as made to12 ( ) L I five minutes to decide whethe

35、r I should go or not.A. gave B. 里 giving C. had given . Avas given ； 2 Good care such things.A, should take of B. should be takenC. shouId be taking D. should b& taken of ()3 She will good care*A, take: of Bt be taken:of C take; for you D” be taken:of you 13( ) 1 The teacher made him his homework.A.

36、 to do Bt do C、did D. done(i 2 The boy&treels without pay in the old days,A. was made to clean B. made cleanC. made to clean D. was made clean()3 These chiIdrendance*A. were seen to B, were seen for C, were seen D. saw to 14( ) 1 These stones well.A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fittedC ) 2 The b

37、ike 500 yuan.A* was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed ()3 The imporranr meeting on a cold morning Last year*A, was had B. ivas held C, held D. had 13 ( 1 Great changes in the past ten years in China.A. Took place B. have taken place C. were raking place D. had taken place ()2 You con t use the com

38、puter, it.A. vras broken down B. is we口ng C. is bad D. has broken down ()3 Great changes in our country during the past 20 years.A. have happened B. happened C. have been happened D. were happened C ) 4 The watch has often don. A. sat B. lain C. broken D. fell 16 (.卜 1 Pl ease pass me another cup. This one*A. is broken B. is break:ng C. broke D. broken ()2 T