中考英语专题05F字部-2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解

1、2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解专题五F字部1. factn.事实，实际关联词组：in fact事实上，实际上；as a matter of fact确切地讲，事实上用法：The fact is （that）+从句，表示"事实是”； fact后面还可以接that引导的同位语从句，表示fact的具体内容，例如：Don' t forget the fact that they are only children 另1J 忘了他们只是孩子的事实。同义词：truth=reality n.事实，真相（2019，北京卷，阅读 D） Most said students shoul

2、d spend less time memorizing facts and have more space for creative activities.2. failv.失败；不及格CD表示"失败，没有成功”，常用句式有 fail in sth.或者fail to do sth.表示"未做某事，未履行某事"，也可用于fail to do sth.句式C表示“不及格，未通过（考试，测验）”，可以接宾语，也可不接：fail the test考试不及格词性转换：failuren.失败；（机器）故障；未做反义词：succeed v.成功；pass v.通过（测试）（

3、2019，浙江卷，完形）This time it became so profo und. Then and there I20to find myself back. That was exactly-what I did.20. A. failedB. forgot C. decidedD. con ti nued3. fair.ZZiSadj.公平的，合理的5?舅聆关联词组：to be fair公平地说；fair enough有道理，说得对；fair play/competition公平竞争，公平比赛熟词僻义：fair还可以当名词（n.）使用，表示：游乐场：Let' take t

4、he kids to the fair.咱们带孩子们到游乐场吧。交易会，展览会： world ' s fa世界博览会；international fair国际博览会；job fair招聘会词性转换：fairlyadv.公正地；相当地；fairness n公正性，公平合理性同义词：just adj.公平的反义词：un fair adj.不公平的（2019，北京卷，阅读 D） This doesn ' t just happen in China, but it fair to shysthe Chinese people show more love to their coun

5、try.4. famous»込宰adj.著名的，出名的关联词组：be famous for因而闻名词性转换：fame n名声，名誉同义词：well-k nownadj.著名的，有名气的反义词：in famous adj.臭名昭著的卫商：&1（2019，浙江卷，阅读 D）38. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the passage?A. The writer lives a busy life in Mentone.B. Millet was fin ally made a famous artist.C. Mi

6、llet pain ted best among the four frien ds.D. The story was written in memory of Millet.5. far工芯盘adi.远的，较远的；adv.远地；很，非常词形变化：比较级 farther/further，最高级 the farthest/the furthest关联词组：so far到目前为止；as far as I know据我所知CD far作形容词时，表示距离远的，通常用于be far from结构，但不与具体的数字连用。例如：误： The station is two kilometers far (a

7、way) from here. 正: The station is two kilometers away from here.Cfar更多用作副词，尤其是修饰形容词或副词的比较级，或与too连用，表示程度，译为“得多，远远，大大；太”：He is far more careful than me.他比我仔细得多。He was at the station far too early.他去车站去得太早。反义词：near adj.附近的卫iL杜/(2019，北京卷，短文阅读)The farther in they went, he thought, the harder the ice woul

8、d become.6. farm |工弓也n.农场，农庄；v.种田，务农关联词组：on a farm在农场（不用in） ； a pig/cattle/chicken farm 养猪/牛 /鸡场；farm land农业用地 词性转换：farmer n.农民；farmingn.农业；耕作（2019，山东卷，阅读 B） Because working with horses has helped Rowan, Rupert set up The Horse Boy Foun dati on on his farm in Texas.7. favourite口耳”宰adj.最喜爱的；n.最受喜爱的人或

9、物美式拼写：favoriteC作形容词时，favorite前面要加形容词性物主代词或者名词所有格：his favorite movie ； Jim' s favorite sportCC favorite 可以换成 like best结构： My favorite subject is science=l like scienee best.C作名词时，favorite后面不再跟名词：Sunday is my favorite.词性转换：favor v.更喜欢，偏袒；n.恩惠；支持；favorable adj.赞成的，有利的（2019，江苏卷，完形）When I'm asked

10、 to name my favourite place to eat in Suzhou, I will reply13.13. A. right awayB. in surprise C. at mostD. over there8. feed喂养，饲养；养活 5?期词形变化：过去式 fed,过去分词fed关联词组：feed on sth.以为食；feed sb. up （用大量食物）养肥，养壮； feed sb. sth.=feed sth. to sb.给某人喂吃；be fed up with厌烦了，厌倦了卫目1（2019，山东卷，阅读 C）As we all know, China h

11、as the largest population all over the world. It was difficult to feed the largest populati on in the past.9. fieldn.田地，场地；实地，现场；领域 S?期关联词组：corn/rice/wheat field 棉花 /水稻 /小麦田；football/baseball field 足球 /棒球场；track and field 田径（赛） filed study/research 实地研究用法：可以作为“量词”，用于 a field of结构，表示“一片田”。熟词僻义：field的

12、引申意义表示“领域”、“界"，相当于area,常用结构为in the field of 在领域，在界：She is famous in the field of music.她在音乐界很出名。卫引（2019，浙江卷，阅读 C） The antenna of FAST in Guizhou, China, the latest and largest radio telescope in the world, is 500 metres in diameter, as large as the size of 30 football fields.10. fightv.&n.打

13、架，打仗；争论；竞争，争取刖退£ *词形变化：过去式 fought，过去分词fought动词词组：fight for为而战（奋斗）；fight against反对，对抗，与作斗争； fight with与并肩战斗；与打架；fight back回击；fight on继续战斗；fight off击退名词词组：be in /get into a fight （with sb.） （over/about sth.）（因某事）（同某人）打起来了；a street/ga ng fight街头/帮派打斗近义词：war n.战争，斗争（2019 ,浙江卷，阅读 C） The year was 185

14、9. America and England had already fought two wars. Now, they wereat peace. But one day a pig got hun gry. And it n early caused ano ther war betwee n the two coun tries.11. final.ZZSJadj.最后的，终极的，决定性的；n.决赛；期末考试形容词词组：final decision最后决定；final product最终产品，最后产物；final exam期末考试；final result最终结果；final repo

15、rt总结报告；final round最终角逐名词词组：the World Cup final 世界杯总决赛；be through to/reach the final 打进决赛词性转换：fin ally=at last=i n the endadv.最后，终于（2019，浙江卷，完形）I even took art class though I had really wan ted to take theatre. I fin ally fitted in11group.11. A. my B. her C. his D. our12. finish工込£jiv.结束，做完用法：CD

16、 finish可以作及物动词，后面接名词作宾语；还可以接V-ing形式，不能接to do sth.：I haven ' t finished reading this book ye我还没有读完这本书。CC finish也可作不及物动词，后面不接宾语：What time does school finish?学校什么时候放学？同义词：complete v.完成；end v.结束，终止（2019，北京卷，单项填空）4. Lily,you finish the letter in ten minutes?Yes, I can.A. mustB. shouldC. n eedD. can13

17、. fit|_Xtu££）adj.合适的；健康的；v.（使）适合 词形变化：比较级 fitter,最高级fittest;过去式fitted或fit，过去分词fitted或fit，现在分词fitting形容词用法：C和系动词连用，表示“适合，恰当”等，后面常接介词for:He isn ' t fit for his wor他不适合做这项工作。C和feel或keep等连用，表示身体健康，精神状态好：She tries to keep fit by jogging every day.她每天慢跑以保持健康。动词用法：fit即可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，表示“（使）适合

18、”；可以和介词in/into连用，表示“适应，融入”：This coat doesn'fit well.这件大衣不太合身。This coat doesn'fit me.这件大衣我穿不合身。She could never fit into his world.她永远也无法融入他的世界。词性转换：fitness n.健康：fitness center健身中心同义词：suit v.适合，满足；suitable adj.合适的；healthyadj.健康的反义词：unfit adj.不适合的（2019，浙江卷，完形）I liste ned to the music she liste

19、ned to, wore the clothes she wore. I even took art class though I had really wan ted to take theatre. I fin ally fitted in11group.11. A. my B. herC. hisD. our14. fly方叱V.飞，飞行；放（风筝、模型）；n.飞行；苍蝇词形变化：过去式 flew，过去分词flown词组：fly a kite放风筝；fly in the sky在空中飞行；fly by飞越；飞逝用法：fly既是及物动词，又是不及物动词，可表示“（动物）飞翔”、“（人或飞机

20、）飞行”、“放飞（风筝、模型、气球等）”；作引申意义时，可表示“（时间）飞逝”，例如：How time flies!时间过得真快！熟词僻义：fly作名词时，除了表示“飞行”，还可指“苍蝇”。词性转换：flightn.飞行，航班：flight number航班号卫iL證血（2019，江苏卷，单项填空）5. The flying squirrel might be one ofanimals you could meet during the trip.A. stra ngeB. stra ngerC. stra ngestD. the stra ngest15. followv.跟随，跟得上；效

21、仿关联词组：follow up跟踪，继续做某事；follow through坚持到底；as follows如下；follow the example of效 仿；follow the instructions 遵照指示；follow suit 照做词性转换：follow ingadj.&n.。作形容词：意思是“（时间上）接着的”；“下述的，下列的”。例如the following week 第二周； answer the following questions 回答下歹列'可题作名词：常用于the following结构，表示“下述，以下"。例如：The follow

22、ing is a summary of the meeting. 以下是会议总结。卫商石（2019，浙江卷，完形）Another girl added, "Ashley, she14 follows you, trying to copy you."14 A. once B. always C. hardly D. n ever16. force.'EZQv.强迫，迫使；n.力量，武力 关联词组：by force靠武力，强迫；driving force驱动力动词用法：常用结构有force sb. to do sth.迫使某人做某事，等同于 force sb. int

23、o sth./into doing sth.:The Preside nt was forced into resig ning.总统被迫辞职。The Preside nt was forced to resig n.总统被迫辞职。词性转换：forceful adj.强有力的同义词：stre ngth n.力量，力气卫商：&1（2019，北京卷，短文阅读）The waves were so strong that they forced huge pieces of ice to jump up and down,break ing the ice into smaller piece

24、s with in just one hour.17. foreig n口込旺dj外国的，外来的；陌生的关联词组： foreign Ianguage 夕卜语；foreign trade 对外贸易； foreign company 夕卜国公司； foreign country 夕卜国 用法：be foreign to sb.表示“对不熟”词性转换：foreig ner n.外国人I讷汕（2019，湖北卷，完形）When he 40 to call the four foreign passengers, Zhang Peng directly went to the hotel again wh

25、ere he haddropped them off.40.A. succeededB. forgotC. regrettedD. failed18. forget.IZZZSv.忘记，忘掉词形变化：过去式 forgot，过去分词forgotten用法：CD可作及物或不及物动词，常用句式有forget （about） sth.忘记某事；forget +that/wh-从句。 forget doing sth.表示"忘记做过某事”；forget to do表示"忘记要做某事”。I forgot to do my homework yesterday.（作业没有做）I forg

26、et borrow ing an En glish book from my friend.（借了书，但不记得这件事了）词性转换：forgetfuladj.健忘的反义词： remember v.记得，记住卫£ 杜曲（2019年，浙江卷，单项填空）10. ony, hurry up and don't forget to lock the door. I'm getti ng my coat.A. Wait a minute B. No deal C. Nothing serious D. Bad luck19. forward |adv.向前，前进；将来，今后关联词组

27、：push forward推进；move forward向前移动；向前发展；step forward向前进；站出来；put forward提出； come forward 涌现； straight forward 直截了当；look forward to （doing） sth. 期待反义词：backward adv.向后（2019年，江苏卷，单项填空）11. Do you have any pla ns for the holiday?Yes, I ' m planning to travel to Jiuzhaigou. I oking forward to lo the colo

28、urful lakes and amazingwaterfalls.A. seeB. see ing20. frontHZEQadj&n.前面（的），关联词组：front door前门;C. seesD. saw前部（的）front desk前台，服务台;frontline 前线，第一线；front page 头版in front of 和 in the front of 的区别： in front of 表示 "在前面”，具有 outside 的词义： The student is standing in front of the bus.（在车外） in the front of 表示 "在前部”：The driver is sitting in the front of the bus. （在车内）卫iL工伽（2019年，山东卷，完形）Remember that usually Chin ese peo