上海高考英语二模试卷分类汇编阅读理解(含答案)

1、上海高考英语二模试卷分类汇编阅读理解（含答案）一、高中英语阅读理解1 .阅读理解Imagine someone who has spent the majority of their life sitting with a sign on the side of the road and that very person giving someone their last 20 dollars. That's exactly what Marine Corps veteran (退伍军人)Johnny Bobbitt, 34, did in October in Philadelphi

2、a.Bobbitt served in the U.S. Marine Corps and worked as a paramedic ( 医务辅助人员 )in Vance County, N. C. before he became homeless. Nobody knew how he got to where he was because he was discreet about that.One night in October, Bobbitt was sitting roadside with a sign in Philadelphia as usual, when Kate

3、 McClure of Florence Township, N. J. was driving home down Interstate 95 and ran out of gas. Scared and nervous, she got out of the car to head to the nearest gas station. As McClure was heading to the nearest gas station, she ran into Bobbitt and he told her to get back in the vehicle and lock the

4、door. Minutes later, he appeared with a red gas can. He'd used his last $20 to buy her gas.After that unexpected meeting, McClure and her boyfriend, Mark D'Amico, who both live in New Jersey, visited Bobbitt several times to deliver gift cards, cash, snacks and toiletries. They then decided

5、to create a fund raising page so he wouldn't have to spend the holidays sleeping on the street.McClure started the GoFundMe page on November 10. With the page, the couple hoped to raise $10,000, enough money for his rent, a reliable vehicle and up to six months' expenses. Bobbitt's story

6、 ran in a local paper. By November 15 , more than 10,000 local people had made donations through the GoFundMe page and more than $300,000 had been raised.On Thanksgiving, Bobbitt was resting in a hotel, his feet up on the bed, drawing up a grand plan for his new life, thanks to several thousand doll

7、ars raised to repay him for a good deed.(1) What does the underlined word "discreet" in paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. Doubtful.B. Cautious.C. Guilty.D. Optimistic.(2) McClure met Bobbitt when she A. couldn't find a gas stationB. got to the way homeC. couldn't unlock her carD. w

8、as in search of gas(3) It can be known from the text that A. Bobbitt's story obtained wide attentionB. Bobbitt became world-famous overnightC. the GoFundMe page collected over $400,000 for BobbittD. the GoFundMe page was started to help people like Bobbitt(4) What is the best title for the text?

9、A. A Homeless Veteran Paid Kindness ForwardB. A Homeless Veteran Had a Generous HeartC. A Homeless Veteran's Kindness Paid OffD. A Small Kindness Made a Big Difference【答案】 （ 1 ） B(5) D(6) A(7) C【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文， 个无家可归的退伍军人将身上仅有的二十美元买了汽油送给在回家途中汽车没油的年轻女子，事后这名女子和她的男朋友专门建了一个网页为他募捐，使他不用再睡在大街上。他们原本期望

10、帮助他募集一万美元，意想不到的是，五天内募集到的捐款就超过了三十万美元。（ 1）考查词义猜测。第二段中的 “ Nobody knew how he got to where he was because he was discreet about that. 没有人知道他是怎样走到这一步（即无家可归）的，因为他对此非常小 ” 心谨慎。故选 B。（ 2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的 “ KateMcClure of Florence Township, N. J. was driving home down Interstate 95 and ran out of gas. As McClure

11、 was heading to the nearest gas station, she ran into Bobbitt. 可知，” McClure 是在去加油站寻找油时遇见Bobbitt 的 。故选D。（ 3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的 “ Bobbitt'sstory ran in a local paper. 可知，M”cClure 是在十一月十号建立募捐网页的，他们原本期望帮助 Bobbitt 募集一万美元，他的故事还上了当地的报纸，截至十一月十五号，一万多名当地人通过该网页进行了捐款，募集到的捐款超过了三十万美元。可知， Bobbitt 的故事引起了广泛的关注。故选A。（

12、 4 ）考查主旨大意。本文主要讲述一个无家可归的退伍军人将身上仅有的二十美元买了汽油送给在回家途中汽车没油的年轻女子，事后这名女子和她的男朋友专门建了一个网页为他募捐并且募捐到了三十多万美元，即这个无家可归的退伍军人的善心得到了回报。故 选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2 阅读理解When a rather dirty, poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts o

13、ut his hands to beg for a few coins, do you hurry on, not knowing what to do, or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money? What should our attitude to beggars be? There can be no question that the world is full of terribly sad stories. It must be terrible to have no idea where our next mea

14、l is going to come from. It seems cruel not to give some money to beggars.Certainly, most of the world's great religions （宗教 ） order us to be open-hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves. But has the world changed? Maybe what was morally （道德方面） right in the old da

15、ys, when one knew exactly who in the village hadsuffered misfortune and needed help, is no longer the best idea. Quite a few people will not give to beggars. Let us look at their arguments.First, some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living

16、 from begging. Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evil （恶行 ）. Secondly, there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beer, wine or drugs. Thirdly, there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging. One might be poor, but that is no reason for losing one's s

17、ense of pride and self-dependence.Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people. Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and receive help.It is hard to come to any final conclusion; there are various

18、cases and we must deal with them differently. A few coins can save a life in some situations, and even if the money is wasted, that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver.(1) What is mainly discussed in the passage?A. Moral deeds of people.B. Religious activities of the church.C. Moral g

19、oodness of the giver.D. Arguments on giving to beggars.(2) What can we infer from the sentence "But has the world changed?" in the second paragraph?A. People no longer know who suffers misfortune in the village.B. Some people will not do what was morally right in the past.C. We don't m

20、eet with those who need help any more.D. Now it is the government's duty to help the beggars.(3) Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Some people dress up to pretend to be beggars.B. Some beggars want money to help their children go to school.C. Some beggars use the money to

21、 buy drugs.D. Some beggars have no excuse for begging.(4) In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that it is hard to come to any final conclusion, because.A. the cases can be so differentB. there are so many beggarsC. there is so much money wastedD. there are so many different arguments【答案】(1) DB(3

22、) B(4) A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了人们过去和现在对乞讨者不同观点及原因，告诉我们不同问题要区别对待。(1)考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文论述了人们现在对乞讨者不同观点及原因。列 举了现在人们不给乞讨者钱的几种想法及帮助别人是美德，告诉我们不同问题要区别对 待。故选Do(2)考查句义猜测。上句说多数宗教都要求我们敞开心扉和不如自己幸运的人分享。下句讲或许过去道德上认为是对的现在不再是最好的想法。前后两句是转折，所以"But hasthe world changed?"指情况发生了改变，人们的观念发生了改变，故选B。(3)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的&q

23、uot;many city beggas dress up on purpose to look pitiableand actually make a good living from begging. the money' you give will be spent on beer, wine or drugs.和 there is no real excuse for begging.可知 A、C”D 都提到了， B 没提到。故选 B。(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"It is hard to come to any final co nclusion; the

24、re arevarious cases and we must deal with them differently.可知由于不同情况要区别对待，所以很难做最后结论。故选 A.【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一 篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系， 进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3 .阅读理解Positive thinking is a significant element of happiness. In order to become a positive thinker, determ

25、ination and consistency are important. The first thing to know about positive thinking is that everyone can do it. With certain cognitive (认知的)and behavioral changes, we can all become positive thinkers. Another important factor is that being a positive thinker does not mean you become numb to anyth

26、ing that is not working properly in your life or is negative - it just means that you approach life and face challenges with a healthier outlook.Instead of selectively attending to negative events, focus on the positive ones. Then pay attention to the delayed consequences of your behavior rather tha

27、n the immediate ones. For example, if a job is not going like you want, focus on the fact that you have a job and how you can take your time to make the situation better.Challenge any internal attributions and see if you compare your behavior to standards that are excessively rigid and perfectionist

28、ic. If so, change these and be reasonable with your comparisons. For example, if you constantly compare your weaknesses with other people's strengths, then switch this and compare yourself with those who are doing poorer than you as well. Overall, people who focus more on their strengths than th

29、eir weaknesses but at the same time are aware of their weaknesses have a healthier self-evaluation result.When faced with too much fear about a situation, imagine the worst case and visualize a solution for it, then let go of fear. This way, you will be prepared for anything and your fear will not b

30、lock you from being open and creative to different solutions. For example, if you are constantly worried about losing your job up to a point where it is creating a lot of anxiety and fear and is effecting your performance and your happiness negatively, then think of losing your job, visualize how yo

31、u will handle it, find solutions in your mind and then let go of the thought and the fear attached to it.So positive thinkers are better problem solvers and have better interactions. In addition to that, people who are positive thinkers are happier and more satisfied with their life.(1) Why is posit

32、ive thinking a significant element of happiness?A. It means that one is blind to the troubles and difficulties that exist.B. It means that one constantly compares everything with other people's.C. It means that one is strong in mind and has nothing to be afraid of.D. It means that one approaches

33、 life and faces challenges more healthily.2 2) What does the text suggest about the job you don't like?A. Quitting it and finding a better one.B. Keeping and trying to make it better.C. Being negative and numb to it.D. Challenging yourself with a new outlook.(3) What does the author intend to te

34、ll us in paragraph 4?A. Be prepared for the worst: and let go of fear.B. Being constantly worried will lose your job.C. Fear will prevent you being open and creative.D. There is nothing to fear if well prepared.(4) What can be a suitable title for the text?A. How to focus on the positive eventsB. Ho

35、w to be a positive thinkerC. What to do when faced with fearD. What to know of self-evaluation【答案】(1) DB(3) A(4) B【解析】【分析】本文为是一篇议论文，积极的思考是幸福的重要组成部分。要想成为一个积极的思考者，决心和毅力必不可少。首先你要知道，每个人都能成为积极思考者。只 要改善一定的认知和行为，我们都可以做到。文章论述了如何成为一个积极的思考者。(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Another important factor is that being a posit

36、ivethinker does not mean you become numb to anything that is not working properly in your life or is negative - it just means that you approach life and face challenges with a healthier outlook. 另 一个重要的因素是，做一个积极的思考者并不意味着你对生活中任何不完美的事情麻木不 仁或是带有悲观的色彩一一这只是意味着你以一种更健康的态度对待生活和面对挑战，可 推知，积极思考能让一个人更健康地对待生活和面对

37、挑战，这也是一个人感到幸福的重要 因素。故选D。(2)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"For example, if a job is not going like you want, focuson the fact that you have a job and how you can take your time to make the situation better. 例 如，如果一份工作不像你想要的那样，把注意力集中在你有一份工作这个事实上，以及你 如何花时间让情况变得更好，可知，当你有一份不喜欢的工作的时候，你应该坚持并努力 让它变得更好。故选 Bo(3)考查段落大意。第

38、四段中的 "When faced with too much fear about a situation, imagine the worst case and visualize a solution for it, then let go of fear.当面对太多的恐惧时， 想象最坏的情况，想象一个解决方案，然后放下恐惧。是主题句，也是本段论述的主题。故选Ao(4)考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文论述了如何成为一个积极的思考者。因此，B项如何成为一个积极的思考者”适合做本文最佳标题。故选Bo【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一 篇教育

39、类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息的基础上，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概 括归纳，从而选出正确答案。4. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read."The history of the world is but the biography （传t己）of great men," argued Thomas Carlyle, the advocate of what has come to be known as the

40、 "Great Man Theory of History." This theory suggests that the broader movements and outline of history all go back to the leadership of great individuals who had unique influence on their times. Whether or not Carlyle's theory proves true is debatable, but that certain individuals cast

41、 long shadows is not.As one who is entrusted with a leadership position, I find it profitable to read of others who have led. Wherever you find me, you'll likely find a good biography nearby. Why is this the case? First, I find good biographies fascinating. I'll occasionally read a novel, bu

42、t I've never been overly drawn to fiction. I have found myself unable to sleep while in the struggle of the Battle of Britain in William Manchester's The Last Lion. For me, not to read biographies would rob me of pleasure in my life.Second, I find good biographies informative. A good biograp

43、her tells not only the story of a person, but also of their times. Reading a good biography is like wandering through an intellectual shopping mall. The first store is what drew you there, but you will be pleasantly surprised along the way at what other items grab your attention. You'll find no

44、better account of the British Empire at its peak than the opening chapters of Manchester's Visions of Glory, volume one of his The Last Lion. Strictly speaking, a biography is but a slice of history.Third, I find good biographies relaxing. Winston Churchill once noted a man who works with his ha

45、nds should have a hobby that engages his mind, and a man who works with his mind should have a hobby that engages his hands. Another way to apply Churchill's saying is to combine technical, pen-in-hand vocational reading with leisurely biographical reading. Indeed, few things are more relaxing t

46、o me than winding down the evening and entering into another world.This is why I love reading good biographies, and why I pity the person who neglects them. Don't be counted among their number.(1) What is implied in the first paragraph?A. The author finds Carlyle's theory undebatable.B. Carl

47、yle believes great men alone cannot create history.C. It is debatable whether one should read great men's biographies.D. The author agrees that history is greatly influenced by certain men.(2) What does the underlined phrase "other items" in the third paragraph refer to?A. good biograp

48、hiesB. stories of certain timesC. the volumes of The Last LionD. the chapters of the British Empire(3) Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The author considers biographical reading enjoyable.B. The author can travel to another world in the evening.C. The author has fought many battles durin

49、g his lifetime.D. The author profits commercially by reading biographies.(4) What is the author's main purpose in writing the article?A. To analyze the benefits of vocational reading.B. To introduce to readers his unique reading strategies.C. To present great men's history through biography

50、reading.D. To recommend biography reading through his own experiences.【答案】 （ 1 ） D（2） B（3） A（4） D【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者阐述了喜欢读好的传记的原因。（ 1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的 "This theory suggests that the broader movements and outline of history all go back to the leadership of great individuals who had unique influen

51、ce on their times"可知，这一理论表明，更广泛的历史运动和轮廓都可以追溯到对其时代有独特 影响的伟大人物的领导。所以通过第一段的关键词 "go back to ， had unique influence on their times" ，判断出第一段暗示了作者同意历史受某些人的影响很大。故选D。（ 2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"A good biographer tells not only the story of a person,but also of their times. Reading a good biography

52、 is like wandering through an intellectual shopping mall. The first store is what drew you there, but you will be pleasantly surprised along the way at what other items grab your attention. " 可知，一个好的传记作家不仅讲述一个人的故事，而且还在讲述他们所处的时代。读一本好的传记就像漫步在一个充满智慧的购物中心。第一家商店吸引了你，但你会惊喜地发现，还有其它的商品吸引了你的注意力。所以作者把读好的

53、传记比喻成购物，将历史人物和某个时期的历史故事比喻成商店的商品。故判断出第三段划线的 "other items" 指的是某个时期的故事。故选B。（ 3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"For me, not to read biographies would rob me ofpleasure in my life" 以及第三段" Indeed, few things are more relaxing to me than winding downthe evening and entering into another world."

54、; 可知，对我来说，不读传记会剥夺我生活的乐趣。的确，没有什么事情比悠闲地度过夜晚，进入另一个世界更令我放松。所以作者认为传记阅读令人愉快。故A 选项 "作者认为传记阅读令人愉快"是正确的。故选A。（ 4）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"First, I find good biographies fascinating." ；第三段中的 "Second, I find good biographies informative." ；第四段中的 "Third, I find good biographies relaxing.

55、" 以及最后段"This is why I love reading good biographies, and why I pity the person whoneglects them. Don't be counted among their number." 可知，首先，我觉得好的传记很吸引 人。我发现好的传记信息丰富。我发现好的传记让人放松。这就是为什么我喜欢读好的传记，以及为什么我同情忽视它们的人。不要成为那些不读传记的人群的一员。可知，作者通过自己的经历阐述了自己喜欢读好的传记的原因目的是推荐人们读传记。故选 D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理

56、解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5 阅读理解Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure. It could be something as simple as not getting the job you wanted, or getting fewer marks even after hard work. But what makes you is not your failure, but how you g

57、et back up after being hit.Once, a young school boy was caught in a fire accident in his school and was assumed that he would not live. His mother was told that he was sure to die, for the terrible fire had destroyed the lower half of his body. Even if he were to survive, he would be lame throughout

58、 his life.But the brave boy did not want to die nor did he want to be lame. Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive. But unfortunately from his waist down, he had no motor ability. His thin legs just hung there, lifeless. Eventually he left the hospital. But his determination to walk was

59、 unshakable. At home, when he was not in bed, he had to stay in a wheelchair. One day, he threw himself from the chair and pulled himself across the grass, dragging his legs behind him. He reached the fence, raised himself up and then began dragging himself along the fence, firmly determined. He did this every day, with faith in himself that he would be able to walk unaided. With his iron determination, he did develop the ability to stand up, then to walk on and off, then to walk by himself and th