初中状语从句讲解及习题附答案

1、（一）状语从句概述定义状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。田状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号和主句分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让 步、方式和比较等状语从句。作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。（二）状语从句详解1 .时间状语从句引导词用法示例when息为当一的时候 。When引导从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。并且when有时表示“就在那时”A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说谎者讲真话 时也没有人相信。Wh

2、en he arrives , I'll call you.When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes.while意为“在的时候，在的 同时”。While引导从句的谓 语动词必须是延续性的，发 生时间较长，并强调主句和While I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street.While John was watching TV,从句的动作同时发生（或者 相对应）。While有时还可以 表示对比。his wife was cooking.as息

3、为一边一边 As引 导的动作是延续性的，发生 时间较短，一般用于主句和 从句动作同时发生；as也可 以强心前一后。The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because someone had invaded his space .He smiled as he stood up.after意为“在之后”。表示主句 动作发生在从句动作之后。主句与从句的动作时间关 系与before引导的从句相 反。With many hungry visitors waiting, don't stay too lon

4、g at your table after you have finished.If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over.before意为“在之前”。引导的从 句不用否定形式的谓语，并 且当before引导的从句位 于主句之后，有时译成“就， 才”。当主句用将来时，从 旬总是用现在时；如果 before引导的从句谓语用 的是过去时，则主句动词多You can't watch TV before you finish your homework.Before it ended, the theat

5、re was almost empty.My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作的先后。till意为“直到”。一般情况卜可 以和until互换。如果主句 中的谓语动词是瞬时动词 时，必须用否定形式；如果 主句中的谓语动词是延续 性动词时，用肯定和否定形 式都可以，但表达的意思不 同。She didn't even know that it was an earthquake till she saw a shaking ( moving from side to side)

6、light.The fireman worked very hard till the fire was out.until意为“直到”。在强调句型中 多用until。如果主句中的谓 语动词是瞬时动词时，必须 用否定形式；如果主句中的 谓语动词是延续性动词时， 用肯定和否定形式都可以， 但表达的意思/、同。I'm waiting for my sister. I won't go to see my uncle until she comes.Wait until I finish what I am doing.since意为“自从，从以来”。引导从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的

7、动词，也可以是瞬 时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而I have been studying hard sinceI entered the high school.It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.It is five years months since our主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is +时间+since从句的句型中，主句多用一 般现在时。boss was not in Beijing.as soon as意为“一就”。引导时间 状语从句时，如果主句用了 将来时，从句一般使用现在 时。Tom

8、will call me as soon as he gets home.I will call you as soon as I arrive.2 .地点状语从句引导词用法示例where意为“哪里" where引导的地 点状语从句，（there+）主句”“哪里哪里就”左句在从 旬后面时，there可用口/、用； 主旬在从旬的前面时，一般都 不用there.Where there is a will, there is a way.They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.You

9、should have put the book where you found it.wherever意为“无论何地”。anywhere/wherever 弓1 导地 点状语从句 +主句。anywhere 本身是个副词，但是常可以引Wherever the sea is, you will find seaman.导从句，相当于连词，意思相 当丁 wherever, anywhere 弓 I 导的从句可位于主句之前，也 可以位于主句之后。而 wherever本身就是个连词， 表示“在何处，无论何处”。ll go anywhere you go.3 .条件状语从句引导词用法示例if连词，意为“

10、假如，如果”。当主句是将来时的时候，从 旬要用一般现在时。Don't talk loudly at the meeting. If you do, you will have to leave.We 'll go for a picnic if it doesn 't rain this weekend.unless连词，总为 除非（=if not）。 当主句是将来时的时候，从 旬要用一般现在时。Don't discuss the problems with your partner unless you are asked to do so.I won'

11、;t go there unless you come with me.4 .原因状语从句引导词用法示例as意为“因为”。引导原因状语从句时表示附带。说明“双方已知的原因”，语气比since弱，较为正式，位置较为灵活（常放于主句之前）。As the weather is cold, I stay at home.As it is raining, you'd better take a taxi.As you are tired, you'd better rest.since意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、显然的理由（通常被翻译成“既然”）较为正式

12、，语气比because弱。Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time.Since the race is in April, I had to run throughout the winter, and in Boston, winters are cold.Since everybody is here. Let's begin our meeting.because意为“因为”。引导的原因状 语从句一般放于主句之后， 表述直接原因，语气较强， 最适合why引导的

13、疑问句。 Because引导的原因状语从 旬后时可以与 because of 短语互换。The woman prefers winter because she can skate.I'd like to collect stamps because they are interesting.I'm very tired these days because of studying physics.He can't come because he is ill.=He can't come because of hisillness.for意为“因为”。引导的原

14、因状 语从句并不说明主句行为 发生的直接原因，只提供一 些辅助性的补充说明，for 引导的原因状语从句只能 放于主句之后，并且必须用 逗号将其与主句隔开。He must be ill, for he is absent today.He could not have seen me, for I was not there.5 .目的状语从句引导词用法示例so that意为“以至，以便”。目的状 语的谓语常含有may, might, can, could, should, would等情态动词。Try to speak loud enough so that people can hear y

15、ou clearly. Mr. Green speaks very loudly so that all the people can hear him clearly.in orderthat意为“为了"相当于so that.in order to 后向可以跟动词原形构成目的状语，不是目 的状语从句。We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make a arrangements.6 .结果状语从句that意为“如此以至于”。This year it has rained soso+ adj./

16、adv.原级 +that, soheavily in South China that是副词，只能修饰形容词和lots of problems are caused.副词。so还可与表小数重的The ice on the lake was so形容词 many, few, much,thin that people couldn'tlittle(这四个形容词表不多或skate on it.少时)连用，形成固定搭配。Too often, we spend so muchso+ many 或few+复数可数time thinking about the future名 词 +that; s

17、o+ much 或that we fail to enjoy thelittle+ /、可数名词 +that.present.There are so few notebooksthat I can't give you any.that意为“如此以至于”。有三It's such a wonderful song种结构：such+a(an)+adj.+单that we all like it.数不可数名词+that;Simon is such dishonestsuch(+adj.)+不可数名词person that no one believes+that; such( +

18、adj.) + 复数可him.数名词 +that, such 是形谷The boy is so young that he词，修饰名词或名词词组。can't go to school.= He is有时可与 so- that句型转such a young boy that he换。can't go to school.sosuch引导词用法示例7 .让步状语从句引导词用法示例though意为“虽然”不能和but连用。但是可以同yet(still)连用，构 成 though yet(still). though 较普遍，常用于非正式的口语 和书面语中。even能和 though组

19、合表示强调，在这 里 even though=even if(no matter if; though 即使 也)。though可以独立用作 副词，常放在何末，忌为 all the same(还是；仍然)或 however(可是；然而)。So it has lived up to now though it isn't strong at all. Though they are twin brothers, they don 't look like each other.Even if/ Even though we could afford it, we would af

20、ford it, we wouldn't go abroad for our vacation.although意为“虽然”不能和but连用。但是可以同yet(still)连用，构 成although - yet(still).although较为正式，语气比 though重，常用以强调让步 概念。even不能和although 组合。Although he died several years ago, I can still remember the days we spent together and what he has taught me about love.Althou

21、gh we had little food with us, we decided to spendthe night in the car.8 .比较状语从句引导词用法示例asas意为“和一样”。表示同级 的比较。使用时要注意第一 个as为副词,第二个as为 连词。其基本结构为： as+adj./adv.原级 +as。若有 修饰成分，如 twice, three times, half, a quarter 等，则 须智力第一个as之前。She is very good at painting.She can paint as well as here teacher.I ran out a

22、s quickly as possible.not as / so - as意为“和不一样，不如”。也表示同级比较。She is not so (as ) outgoing as her sister.This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.9 .方式状语从句引导词用法示例as/(just)as.so意为“犹如，就像”。引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just)as.so结When in Rome, do as theRomans do.As water is to fish, so air is构中位于旬首，这时as从 句带有

23、比喻的含义，意为“正如，就像”，多用于正 式文体。to man.as if/ as though意为“就像，好像"。两者的 意义和用法相同，引出的 状语从句谓语多用虚拟语 气，表小与事实相反，有 时也用陈述语气，表示所 说情况是事实或实现的可 能性较大。常译作“仿佛 似的，好像似的”。If would never forget here smile, or the way her eyes shone as if we were the same age.It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.练习一一.单项填空1. h &a

24、mp; old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he to play basketball with us?-1 think he will come if he free tomorrow.A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be3. In the zoo if a child into the water and can't swim, the do

25、lphinsmay come up him.A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping4. I don't remember he worked in that city when he was young.A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will stay at home if my aunt to visit us tomorrow.A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The

26、police asked the children cross the street the trafficlights turned green.A. not; before B. don't; when C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday there was something wrong with mybike.A. when B. that C. until D. because8. I'll go swimming with you if I free tomorrow.A.

27、will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, the you are,the mistakes you willmake.A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons you go out to play.A. before B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried I wouldn't be late f

28、or class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless12. When you read the book, you 'd better make a mark you haveany questions.A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice all the students could hear him.A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat he felt

29、hot.A. because B. as C. if D. since15. It is that wed like to go out for a walk.A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day16. Mary had much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.A. such B. so C. too D. very17.1 felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A

30、. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18 .the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As19 .well you can drive, you must drive carefully.A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment20 . Write to me as soon as you to Beijing.A. will get B. get C. getting D. got二

31、.根据中文意思完成下列英语句子1 .不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。I am not angry with him,jokes he on me.2 .布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。Mrs Bruce was kind to her students they hertheir mother.3 .只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。Our parents will be pleased with our performance wetry our best.4 .你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？Will you please call me you get to S

32、hanghai.5 .这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano shehas kept practicing for two years.6 .虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。, she kept on learning English by herself.7 .他长大后相当一名记者。He wants to be a journalist.8 .无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to ge

33、t to school.9 .如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。_o protecting the environment, theworld will become much more beautiful.10 .李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。Li Ming didn 't come to school练习二1. The meeting didn't start everyone was there.A. because B. until C. why D. if2. .The boy to bed his mother came in.A. went not;

34、 until B. didn't go; after C. went; until D. didn't go; until3. I won't believe you I have seen it with my own eyes.A. before B. until C. after D. when4. .He home she was satisfied his answer yesterday.A. didn't go; until; withB. wasn't go; after; toC. doesn't go; before; wit

35、h D. didn't go; until; to5. .He back until the work done.A. isn't; will be B. isn't; is C. won't be; will be D. won't be; is6. .They didn't start the work their teacher came back.A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if7. Tom will call me as soon as he Shanghai.A. arrives B. wil

36、l reach C. arrives in D. get to8. I'm sure he'll come to see me before he Beijing.A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves9. I will tell him the news as soon as he back.A. come B. comes C. will come D. came10. Tom has got a watch. He it for two years. It by his father.A. has bought; wa

37、s bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought; has bought . D. has had; was bought "'11. When he got to the station, the train.A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left12. The boy told his father what he in the street.A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see13. We TV when the telephone.A. wa

38、tched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rings D. are watching; rang14.By the end of last term, I ten books.A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to read D. finish read15. I you for a long time. Where you?A. didn't see; did; go B. didn't see; have; goneC. ha

39、ven't seen; have; been D. haven't seen; have; gone16. Tom China for 3 years.A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been at17. I won't go to see the film tonight, because I my ticket.A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didn't lose18. -Hello! May I speak to Bob?-Sorry, but h

40、e for a month.A. had been away B. was left C. left D. has been away19. I him since I began to live in the city.A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know20. Zhao Lan already in this school for two years.A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying21. Betty didn't go to see th

41、e film yesterday she was ill.A. because B. but C. until D. if22. May I sit nearer I can see more clearly?A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so23. you work hard, you will certainly succeed.A. Though B. If C. Because D. For24. he came to study in the university, he has made much progress inthe study of

42、 English.A. While B. When C. Since D. After25. I'd like to go swimming the water is not too cold.A. for B. unless C. if D. whether26. There are many league members in class 2 in Class 4.A. both; and B. 'so; that C. either; or D. as; as27. -Do you have a big library?-No, we don't. At leas

43、t, not yours.A. as big as B. as big than C. as bigger than D. bigger as28. Suzhou is not beautiful Hangzhou.A. as; than B. so; as C. even; than D. /; than29. Iron is more useful any other metal.A. as B. than C. then D. so30. I want to know she is going to see a film.A. if B. that C. what D. which31. You are sure to pass the exam you study hard.A. if B. thoughC. that D. since32. I'll go to see the film with you I have time this evening.A. whether B. so C. if D. when33. you study harder, you'll never pass the final exam.A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except34. Although it