公安边防消防警卫部队院校招收士兵学员文化考试英语考试大纲

1、 1 / 22 公安边防消防警卫部队院校招收士兵学员文化考试 英语大纲 考试性质 公安边防、消防、警卫院校招收士兵学员统一考试是指公安边防、消防、警卫部队士兵考生参加的选拔性考试。院校根据考生的成绩，按已确定的招生计划，德、智、体全面衡量，择优录取。因此，考试应有较高的信度、效度、必要的区分度和适当的难度。 考试范围和能力要求 1考试范围 包括语音、词汇、语法、日常交际用语、阅读和翻译六个方面，其中以测试英语基础知识和基于这些知识的基本语言应用能力为重点。 2能力要求 英语考试主要在记忆、理解和综合应用三个层次上检测考生英语基础知识和基本技能。 记忆：能记住本大纲规定的语音、语法知识；能记住单

2、词的拼写、读音、基本词义及主要用法，能记住本大纲规定的短语、习惯用语的意思和主要用法。 理解：能正确使用语言、语法和日常交际用语知识，能恰当和基本正确理解使用中的各种语言现象，能读懂英语表达连贯的基本语言材料。 综合应用：能使用本大纲规定的各类语言知识，整体理解不同形式的语篇，能在特定的语境中比较得体地表达自己的连贯意思，能有效地识别语篇中的明显失误，具有一定的英汉互译能力。 考试形式与试卷结构 1考试形式 2 / 22 考试采取闭卷、笔试形式。试卷满分100分，考试时间120分钟。 2试卷结构和题型比例 语音知识?约5 词汇与语法知识?约25 完形填空?约10 阅读理解?约30 补全对话?约

3、10 英汉互译?约20% 语音知识题型为选择题，包括若干小题。每小题列出四个单词，每个单词中均有划线标明的一个字母或字母组合。要求考生辨别划线部分的读音，找出读音不同于组内其他划线部分读音的单词。 词汇与语法知识题型为选择题，包括若干小题。每小题是一个留有空白的不完整的英语句子。要求考生在小题下面的四个选择项中，选出可以填入句中空白处的正确或最佳的一项。 完形填空题型为选择题。向考生提供一篇约200个词以内的短文。文中留出10处空白，文后为每个空白提供四个选择项，要求考生在通读全文领会大意的基础上，根据已经掌握的词汇、语法知识并结合自己的常识进行分析判断，从选择项中为每个空白选出正确或最佳的一

4、项，使全篇成为内容连贯、没有语法错误的通顺文章。 阅读理解题型为选择题或自由应答题。向考生提供四段短文，总阅读量不超过1000个词。短文题材包括日常生活、天文、地理、历史、文化、科技常识、人物传记等。体裁有记叙文、说明文和应用文等。每篇短文后有数量不等的关于短文内容的问题或不完整的句子。 3 / 22 要求考生在仔细阅读短文以后，从每个问题或不完整的句子下面的四个选择项中，选出可以用来回答问题或补全句子的正确或最佳的一项。或者能根据短文意思补全句子、回答问题。 考生应能通过阅读掌握每篇短文的主旨大意、主要事实、有关细节以及上下文的逻辑关系等；既能看懂短文的字面意思，又能推论出短文的隐含意思；既

5、能回答就文章局部细节提出的问题，又能回答有关文章总体内容的问题。 补全对话题型为自由应答题或选择题。向考生提供一段不完整的对话。要求考生根据试题说明中交待的背景和情节，把缺少的部分补写出来，或者从选择项中选择合适或最佳项补全对话。考生除应掌握必要的词汇、语法知识外，还要熟悉英语中有关日常生活的某些表达方式，例如：问候、告别、介绍、感谢、道歉、邀请、提议、命令、请求、愿意不愿意、同意不同意等。 英汉互译题型为自由应答题。要求考生翻译正确，无明显语法错误，标点使用无误，并切合原题意思。 3试题难度比例 较易题?约40 中等难度题?约50 较难题?约10 考试内容 一、语音 掌握英语音素，英语字母及

6、常用字母组合在单词中的读音。掌握英语的基本语调以及使用语调的规则，并能在实践中正确运用这些规则。能在简单的日常会话中使用正确的语音语调。 二、词汇 掌握1800个左右常用英语单词和一定数量的短语和习惯用语，对单词能认、会读，了解词义及其在语句中的作用。对使用频率较高的单词和短语，要 4 / 22 求会拼写和能正确使用，知道一些常用词的近义词和反义词。能够根据上下文或利用基本的构词法知识判断语篇中生词的含义。 三、语法 较熟练地掌握下列各项语法知识并了解它们，并能在实际语言运用中正确使用。 （一）词法 1名词的种类、数和所有格 名词分普通名词和专有名词。名词复数形式和构成(book-books,

7、bus-buses,radio-radios,tomato-tomatoes,story-stories,knife-knives,man-men,sheep-sheep，child-children等)；专有名词(John, Young Pioneer, America等)；名词的所有格(Mike's father,students'bedroom, a map of the world等)；不可数名词(water, tea, paper等)；不可数名词量化表示法(例a piece of paper, a cup of tea and a bowl of water )。 2

8、冠词(a/an, the )的基本用法 3代词的用法 人称代词的主格和宾格(we,you,they,she;us,you,them,her等)；形容词性物主代词(my , your ,her ,his等)；名词性物主代词(ours, yours, mine, his, hers, theirs等)；指示代词(this , that ,these , those等);不定代词(some, any等)；疑问代词(what , who ,whose , which,why, where, when等)；关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that, as等)；关系副词( wh

9、en,where, why)等。 4“it”作引导词，非人称代词和在强调句型中的用法 It is important for us to learn English. They find it interesting to do this experiment. It was at 11 o'clock that they came back. 5数词的基本用法 5 / 22 基数词的构成及其基本用法；序数词的构成及其基本用法；加、减、乘、除运算表示法；时间、年代、年龄表示法。 6形容词和副词的用法 形容词的基本用法(作定语、表语、补足语等)副词的基本用法(表示时间、地点、方式、程度和

10、频度)。形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成(-er, -est; more, the most以及特殊的形式)基本句型：-as+原级形式+as-notas/so+原级形式+as-比较级形式+than-the比较级形式,the比较级形式No sooner-than-the+最高级形式+-in/of- 7动词的种类、时态、语态和非谓语动词 1）动词的种类 （1）行为动词或实义动词 （2）连系动词( be, look, turn, get, become, etc) （3）助动词(be, do, have, shall, will, etc ) （4）情态动词(can, may, must, need

11、, etc ) 2）时态 （1）一般现在时 He gets up at six o'clock in the morning. She doesn't speak Chinese. The earth go around the sun. （2）一般过去时 He was in Grade Two last year. She got up five yesterday morning. （3）一般将来时 6 / 22 Shall we go to your school tomorrow? They will be free next week. She is going to

12、 do her homework this evening. （4）现在进行时 He is doing his homework now. We are playing football on the playground now. （5）过去进行时 They were singing when I came here. They have lived there for five years. （6）现在完成时 He has already finished his homework. They have lived there for five years. （7）过去完成时 We had

13、 learned 1000 words by the end of last year. When I got there she had gone already. （8）过去将来时 She said she would go to Beijing the next day. Tom said he was going to see his uncle. 3）语态：主动语态和被动语态 （1）一般现在时的被动语态 English is taught in that school. 7 / 22 （2）一般过去时的被动语态 The song was written by that singer.

14、 （3）一般将来时的被动语态 The work has been done already. （4）带有情态动词的被动语态 She must be sent to hospital at once. 4）非谓语动词的基本用法 （1）动词不定式的用法 作主语 To learn a foreign language is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language. 作宾语 They began to read. 作宾语补足语 Jim asked me to help him with his lessons. Try to make

15、him stay with us. 作定语 I have an important meeting to attend. 作表语 She went to see her grandma yesterday. 用在how, when, where, what, which等之后 8 / 22 I don't know how to us a computer. Do you know when to start? He didn'tknow what to do next. （2）动名词的用法 作主语 Seeing is believing. It is useless argu

16、ing about it. 作表语 Her job is looking after children. 作宾语 I like singing. He suggested having a party at the weekend. 作定语 There is swimming pool in our school. This is a sleeping car. （3）分词的用法 作表语 The situation is encouraging. The boy was greatly encouraged. 作定语 Our country is a developing country. 9

17、 / 22 The car ran along the school gate. 作宾语补足语 I saw them waiting at the school gate. I saw the door closed. 作状语 Hearing the noise, they immediately stopped talking. Seen from a distance, the mountain looked like an elephant. 8常用介词和连词 掌握词汇表中所列介词和连词的用法。 （二）句法 1句子种类 1）陈述句（肯定式与否定式） They go to school a

18、t seven in the morning. She isn't a worker. 2）疑问句 （1）一般疑问句 Are you a teacher? Does she speak English? （2）特殊疑问句 When were you born? Why do you study English? 10 / 22 （3）反意疑问句 He comes here one or that one? Does she life math or Chinese? （4）选择疑问句 Do you want this one or that one? Does she like mat

19、h or Chinese? 3）祈使句 Come here, please! Don't do anythinglike that! 4）感叹 What a fine day it is today! How fine it is today! 5）并列句 I turned on the TV and we sat down and watched it. 6）复合句 （1）名词性从句 主语从句： What he said is right. Whether she will come or not is still a question. 宾语从句： I don't know

20、 why he left withoutsaying a word. 11 / 22 He said (that) he would come. 表语从句： That is where he was born. That is why he hasn't come yet. 同位语从句： Do you know the news that my father will come back from America? That is the reason why he hasn't come yet. （2）定语从句 The man who is reading the news

21、paper is Mr. Li. Achemist's shop is shop which sells medicine. This is the room in which we lived last year. I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. The hospital where my mother works is in the north of the city. Huang Hong, whose father is a doctor, studies computer science in th

22、e U.S （3）状语从句 时间状语从句： When Tom returns, I'll give him the key. 地点状语从句： He works where he studied and lived. 方式状语从句： He didn't do it as I had told him. 12 / 22 条件状语从句： We'll go to the Great Wall if it is fine tomorrow. 目的状语从句： We climbed high so that we might get a better view. 结果状语从句： AT

23、V set can be made so small that it may be easily placed in a watch. 原因状语从句： Now that we finish reading, we will go on to writing. 让步状语从句： He passed the exam although he had been ill for some time. 2句子主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、直接宾语和间接宾语3倒装结构 Hardly had I opened the door whenhe rushed in. 4五种基本句型 主语+连系动词+

24、表语(S+Link-V+P) The bike is new. 主语+及物动词+宾语(S+Vt+O) Children often sing this song. 主语+不及物动词(S+Vi) He sings well. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+TV+IO+DO) 13 / 22 She showed her friends her pictures. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补(S+TV+O+C) We keep our classroom clean and tidy. 5主谓的一致关系 Jim and Mike have seen the film. There is

25、a desk and two chairs in the room. Two and there is (are) five. Her family is large. The family are sitting at the supper table. 四、日常交际用语 较熟练掌握日常交际用语，并能在实际生活中灵活运用，符合英美交际习惯。 1问候Greetings Good morning/afternoon/evening. Hello/Hi. How are you? Fine, thank you, and you? Very well, thank you. 2介绍Introduc

26、tion a. This is Mr./ Mrs. /Miss /Ms /Comrade- I'd like you to meet- b. How do you do? Nice/ Glad / Pleased to see / meet you. c. My name is- 14 / 22 I'm a (student/teacher, etc.) d. I'm Chinese. 3告别Farewell a. I'm afraid I must be leaving now. I think it's time for us to leave no

27、w. b. Good-bye! (Bye-bye! Bye!)See you later/tomorrow. (See you)Good night. 4感谢和应答Thanks and responses a. Thank you (very much). Thank a lot. Many thanks. Thanks for- b. It's very kind of you to-Not at all It's /That's all right. You're welcome. 5祝愿、祝贺和应答Good wishes, congratulations

28、&responses a. Good luck! Best wishes to you! I wish you good luck/success! Have a nice /good time. b. Thank you. The same to you. c. Happy New Year! Merry Christmas! Happy birthday to you. 6道歉、遗憾和应答Apologies, regrets, sympathies & responses a. Sorry/Pardon. I'm sorry. I'm sorry for/a

29、bout-I'm sorry to hest- 15 / 22 b. Excuse me (for-) I'mafraid of-What a pity/shame! c. That's all right. It doesn't matter. That's nothing. 7邀请和应答Invitations and responses a. Will you come to-? Would you like to-? I'd like to invite youto- b. Yes, I'd love to(-).Yes, it&#

30、39;s very kind /nice of you. c. I'd love to, but- 8、提供（帮助等）和应答Offers and responses a. Can/Could/Shall I help you? Is there anything (else) I can do for you? Do you want me to-? What can I do for you? Let me do/carry /help-(for you).Would you like some-? b. Thanks. That would be nice/ fine .That&

31、#39;s very kind of you. Thank you your help. Yes, please, Here, take this /my - c. No, thanks/thank you. Thank you all the same. That's very kind of you, but- 9约会Making appointment a. Are you/ will you be free this afternoon/tomorrow? How about tomorrow morning/ afternoon/ evening? Shall we meet

32、 at 4:30 at-? b. Yes, that's all right. Yes, I'll be free then. c. No, I won't be free then .But I'll be free- 16 / 22 d. All right .See you then. 10意愿和希望Intentions and wishes a. I'm going to-I will-I'd like to-I (do not) want/hope to- b. I want/hope/mish to - 11请求、允许和应答Askin

33、g for permission and responses a. May I-? Can/Could I-? b. Yes /Sure / Certainly. Yes, (do) please. Of course (you may). Go ahead, please. That's OK/all right. Not at all. c. I'm sorry you can't. I'm sorry, but- You'd better not. 12同意和不同意Agreement and disagreement a. Certainly/ S

34、ure /Of course. No problem. Yes, please. Yes, I think so.That's true. All right/OK. That's a good idea-I/We agree (with you) b. No, I don't think so. I'm afraid mot I'm afraid I (really) can't agree with you. 13喜好和厌恶Likes and dislikes 17 / 22 a. I like/love-(very much).I like

35、 /love to- b. I don't like to(to)-I hate (to)- 14决断和坚持Determination , decision and insistence I will-I have decided to/ that- 15判断和意见Judgment and opinion a. Well done /Good work! b. In my opinion-It seems 16能力Ability I can -He is able to- 17肯定和不肯定Certainty and uncertainty a. I'm sure (of tha

36、t).I'm sure (that)- b. I'm not sure (of that). I'm not sure whether/ if- c. Perhaps/Maybe. 18禁止和警告Prohibition and warnings a. You can't/mustn't-If you -, you'll- You'd better not do it. Don't smoke! Don't be late! b. Look out! Take care! Be careful! 19可能和不可能Possib

37、ility and impossibility a. He can / may- It is possible that- 18 / 22 20预见、猜测和相信Prediction conjecture and belief a. He will- b. It seems (that)- c. I believe that he is right. 21请求Requests a. Can will /Could/ Would you-for me? Will/ Can/Could / Would you please-? May I have-? b. Please give / Pass m

38、e-Please wait (here /a moment). Please wait (for) your turn .Please stand in line/ line up. Please hurry. c. Don't rush (hurry)/ crowd. No noise, please. No smoking, please. 22劝告和建议Advice and suggestions a. You'd better (not)-You should/ought to-You need (to)- b. Shall we-? Let's-What /H

39、ow about-? Why not-? Why don't you-? 23许诺Promises I promise-I will give - to you. 24表示焦虑Expressing anxiety What's wrong? What's the matter (with you)? I'm / He's / She's worried .Oh, what shall I / we do? 25表示惊奇Expressing surprise 19 / 22 Really? Oh dear! Is that so? Good hea

40、vens! 26表示喜悦Expressing pleasure I'm glad/ pleased / happy to-That's nice/ wonderful/ great. 27谈论天气Talking about the weather a. What's the weather like today? How's the weather in-? b. It's fine / cloudy / windy / rainy- It's getting cold / warm- It's rather warm / cold /

41、hot-today, isn't it ? It's a beautiful day today. 28购物Shopping a. What can I do for you? May / Can I help you? b. I want / I'd like-How much is it? That's too expensive, I'm afraid. That's fine. I'll take it .Let me have- c. How many / much do you want? What color / size

42、/ kind do you want? d. Do you have any other kind / size / color, etc.? 29问路和应答Asking the why and responses a. Excuse me .Where's the men's / ladies' room? Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to -? How can I get to -? I don't know the way. b. Go down this street. Turn right / left at

43、the first / second crossing. 20 / 22 It's about- meters from here. Go straight ahead till you see- 30问时间、日期和应答Asking the time, date and responses a. What day is (it ) today? What's the date today? Excuse me .What time is it by your watch? What's the time, please? b. It's Monday / Tuesday-It's January 10th. It's five o'clock/ five thirty (half past five )/ a quarter past (to)six. It's time for / to- 31就餐Taking me