2020中考初中英语讲义一般过去时复习学案

1、中考初中英语讲义 一般过去时复习学案（1）专题讲解1、定义：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态，常和表示过去的时间状连用；也可表示过去习惯性或经常性的动作和行为。2、时间状语：yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning , just now , a moment ago ,two days ago , last night / year / week , before 11:00 , in the past at that time 等3、使用情况：（1）表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。I got up a

2、t 7:00 yesterday.我昨天 7 点起床。（2）表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。He always went to work by bus last year.去年他总是乘公交车去上班。4.一般现在时的结构及句型变化结构：一般现在时的结构主要有三种形式: （1）、结构一（谓语动词为be动词时） 肯定何： 主语 +be（was, were）+其它. 否定句：主语+be+not+其它.一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它？e.g. I was late yesterday.I was not late yesterday.Were you late yesterday Yes, I was.No

3、, I wasn't.a am和is在一般过去时中变为 waso(注：am,is fwas, are 一weree.g. They were in Bei jing last year.They weren ' t in Bei jing last yearWere they in Bei jing last year?Yes, they were.No, they weren't(was not=wasn't)are在般过去时中变为 were。 (were not=weren't)（2）、结构二（谓语动词为情态动词时）（注意： 情态动词 can,may

4、,have to等等。）肯定句：主语+情态动词过去式+动词原形+其它.否定句：主语+情态动词过去式+not+动词原形+其它.一般疑问句：情态动词过去式+主语+动词原形+其它？E.g. The old man could swim 30 years ago.The old man couldn't swim 30 years ago.Could the old man swim 30 years ago?Yes, he could.No, he couldn't.常用情态动词过去式如下：can could （能，会）may might （可以）have to had to （不得

5、不）shallshould （将要）用于第一人称单数will would （将要）用于所有人称（3）、结构三（谓语动词为实义动词时） 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它.否定句：主语+ didn't +动词原形+其它.一般疑问句：Dd+主语+动词原形+其它?E.g. Li Ming studied English this morning.past.past?E.g. We often played tennis in the past. We didn't often play tennis in theDid Li Ming study English this morning

6、?Did you often play tennis in theLi Ming didn't study English this morning.Yes, he did.No, he didn't.1、动词过去式的规则变化6、动词的过去式(1)、一般词尾加-edstay-stayedask - asked(2)、以e结尾的只加-dhope-hopeddance - danced(3)、末尾三个字母以“辅 字母，冉加-edStop- stopped drop - droppedHow did you find the job?help - helped look-looked

7、watch - watchedlove - loved liveTived+元+辅”结尾，且为重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音plan- planned beg - beggedYes, we did.No, we didn't.注：1.谓语动词为实义动词时，变否定句和一般疑问句一律找助动词 dd来帮忙(过 去时不分人称和单复数，都是加 did或did not)2 .前面出现了助动词，后面的动词一律用原形。3 .变一般疑问句时，一问一答的关系当中,第一人称和第二人称要相互交换。5.一般过去时的特殊疑问句：结构：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?I特殊疑问词+

8、was/were+主语+其它?E.g. Where were you last nighBWhat did Jim do yesterday?Where did you walk to yesterday?(4)、辅音字母+y”尾，变y为i,再加-edcarry - carriedstudy - studiedhurry - hurried2、动词过去式的不规则变化(见书后表格)7、口诀：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事；be 用 was 或用 were, have,has变 had； 谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志； 一般动词加-ed,若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后didn'添

9、； 疑问句也不难，did放在主语前； 如果谓语之前有did,谓语动词需还原;动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。(2)变式练习、写出下列动词的过去式isamflyplantaredrinkplay_gomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatdrawput .throwkickpassdo、用be动词的适当形式填空。1. I an English teacher now.2. She happy yesterday.3. They glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy good friends.5.

10、The little dog two years old this year.6. Look, there lots of grapes here.7. There a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today the second of June. Yesterday the first of June. It Children ' sDay.All the students very excited.、巩固练习、句型变换1、There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：一般疑问句：肯定回答：否定

11、回答：2 They played football on the playground.否定句：一般疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. I(watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father(read) a newspaper last night.3. We to the zoo yesterday, Tom to the park. (go)4. you(visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. he(fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he.6. Gao Sh

12、an(pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I(sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother.8. What she(find) in the garden last morning?She(find) a beautiful butterfly.9. It(be) Ben ' s birthday last Friday10. We all(have) a good time last night.三、拓展训练一、句型转换1、Lucy did her homework at home.(改否定

13、旬)Lucy her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge(冰箱).(变一般疑问句) he meat in the fridge?3、She stayed there for a week.(对划线部分提问) she there?4、There was some orange in the cup.(变一般疑问句 ) there orange in the cup?、单项选择：1. My father ill yesterday.A. isn'tB. aren't2. your parents at home l

14、ast wee kA. IsB. Was3. The twins in Dalian last year.A. are; were B. were; are4. your father at work the day A. Was; before B. Is; before5. Who was on duty last Friday ?C. wasn'tD. weren'tC. AreD. WereThey here now.C. was; are D. were; wasyesterday 前天)？C. was; are D. were; wasA. I amB. I was

15、C. Yes, I was D. No, I wasn't三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Don' t the house. Mum it yesterday. (clean)2. What you just now? I some housework. (do)3. They (make) a kite a week ago.4. I want to apples. But my dad all ofthem last month.(pick)5. he the flowers this morning?Yes, he . (water)6. She (be) a pre

16、tty girl. Look, she (do) Chinese dances.7. The students often (draw) some pictures in the art room.家庭作业、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式、过去式形式go enjoy buy eat get walk take dance write run swim find begin eat play study 、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Tom and Mary(come) to China last month.2. Mike(not go) to bed until 12 o'cloc

17、k last night.So he(get) up late.3. Mary(read) English yesterday morning.4. Tom(begin) to learn Chinese last year.5. My mother(not do) housework yesterday.6. There a telephone call for you just now. (be)7. -When you(come) to china? -Last year.8. (be) it cold in your city yesterday?9. How many people(

18、be) there in your class last term?10. There(be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I(have) no time to watch it.、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷1 .阅读理解That year, I was a Junior 2 student. Falling off the stairs hurt me in the head. Almost everyone thought I was dead. But they were wrong. However, it was diff

19、icult to get back to normal ( 正常的)life. I had to leave school and learn everything, walking, talking, and yes, maths.To help me with that task, Mrs. Pillar volunteered to come to the hospital and later to my house once a week.We began with basic maths skills. As time passed by, I made progress.I rem

20、embered very vividly how she came to my home on Sundays, sat with me at the kitchen table, and threw different coins on the talbe. She asked me to show her 38 cents, 17 cents, 63 cents. It was challenging, but she also made it fun.After a year and a half, I had progressed a lot, both in body and min

21、d, to return to school. Seven years later, I graduated from the University of Texas at the top of my class.As year went by, I always kept in touch with Mrs. Pillar. Unluckily, one day my parents told me that Mrs. Pillar had been in hospital because she suffered a stroke(中风).Now it was my turn to hel

22、p her. Mrs. Pillar lay in bed, unable to speak and know anybody around. I pulled some coins out of my pocket, dropped them on her bed, and asked her to show me 12 cents. The nurse thought that my action was very strange until one day Mrs. Pillar smiled happily as I began working with her just as she

23、 had worked with my years before. She make progress every day and was moved out of ICU( 重症监护室 )and finally out of hospital.One day, I called to wish her a happy New Year. She spoke into t he phone excitedly, “ Happy New Year to you and your family, Michael. Thank you for everything you've done f

24、or me." I quickly said,“ Thaniyou've done for me. ”Mrs. Pillar was one of my Junior 2 teachers, but she taught me so much more about life than only maths.(1) Which of the following is the correct order of what happened in the story?a. Mrs. Pillar suffered a stroke and was in hospital.b. I f

25、ell off the stairs and had to leave school.c. I returned to school with Mrs. Pillar's help.d. Mrs. Pillar got better with my help.A. b-c-d-aB. c-a-b-dC. b-c-a-dD. b-d-c-a(2) What does the underlined word “vividly " mean in Paragraph。？A.模糊的B.清晰地C.彻底地D.感激地(3) What does the writer mean by sayi

26、ng ”I graduated from the University of Texas at the top of my classParagraph 4?A. He was clever than his classmates.B. He worked very hard on maths.C. His classmates failed to graduate.D. Mrs. Pillar's help greatly influenced him.(4) The writer asked Mrs. Pillar to show him 12 cents in the hospi

27、tal in order to.A. help Mrs. Pillar just as Mrs. Pillar helped him B. play an interesting game with Mrs. Pillar C. see whether Mrs. Pillar was getting better D. make the nurse in the hospital feel strange 5 5) What is the best title for the passage?A. A Great TeacherB. Always Have A DreamC. Never Gi

28、ve upD. Kindness Makes Wonders【答案】(1) C B (3) D (4) A (5) D【解析】【分析】大意：本文作者讲述初中老师皮勒夫人帮助自己，后来他又帮助皮勒夫人的故事。这个 故事告诉人们善良可以创造奇迹”的道理。(1)细节理解题。根据第一段第二句 Falling off the stairs hurt me in the head. (b)、第四段第一句 After a year and a half, I had progressed a lot, both in body and mind, to return to school (c)、第五段 Un

29、luckily, one day my parents told me that Mrs. Pillar had been in hospital because she suffered a stroke( 中风)(a)、 第六段最后 She make progress every day and was moved out of ICU(重症监护室 )and finally out of hospital. 和第七段得知 Mrs. Pillar got better with my help. (d)可知，事件顺序为 b-c-a-d。故选 P(2) 词义猜测题。根据 I remembere

30、d very vividly how she came to my home on Sundays, sat with me at the kitchen table, and threw different coins on the talbe. 可知，我清楚地记得她是怎样在星期天来我家的，和我 一起坐在餐桌旁，把不同的硬币扔在桌子上的，可推知 vividly意为清楚地。故选 B。(3)推理判断题。根据作者从无法正常生活至U "I graduated from the University of Texas at the top of my class.可知，作者以优异的成绩从大学

31、毕业，说明 Pillar老师的帮助对作者的影响极大。故选 Do(4)推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句She asked me to show her 38 cents, 17 cents, 63 cents. It waschallenging, but she also made it fun.可知，作者让皮勒夫人在医院里给他展示12美分来帮助皮勒夫人，就像皮勒夫人帮助他一样。故选 Ao(5)主旨大意题。本文作者讲述初中老师皮勒夫人帮助自己，后来他又帮助皮勒夫人的故事。这个故事 告诉人们善良可以创造奇迹的道理，因而 Kindness Makes Wonders符合文意。故选 D。【点评】考查阅

32、读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意， 找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。2.阅读下面短文，从下面每小题的A、B C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。One afternoon, on my way home, I saw a car accident ( 事故)！I asked people for help, but no one stopped. When the car driver and his wife saw this, they quickly closed the window of the car and drove a

33、way. "What shall I do? The old man needs help," I thought.At that time, a truck stopped and the driver came out. "What's wrong with the old man? What can I do?" the driver asked me. "Sir, please help the old man. A car hit him and he is badly hurt!" I said. "we

34、ll, don't worry. Letme take him to the hospital first," the driver said.A few minutes later, the driver took the old man to the hospital and I called the police. I told the whole story to the police and I also told them the number of the car. The police said to me, "Well done, boy! Lea

35、ve it to us, We will punish (惩罚)them!"When I got home, it was 7: 30. I thought I was great.(1) One afternoon, a car hit.A. a young manB. a boyC. a truckD. an old man What did the truck driver do?A. He drove away quickly.B. He stopped for a while and then drove away.C. He took the old man to the

36、 hospital.D. He called the police.(3) What did the writer think of himself?A. Very good.B. Very terrible.C. Very nervous.D. Very surprised.(4) Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. When the car driver saw the accident, he quickly drove awayB. After a long time, the car drive

37、r took the old man to the hospitalC. The writer told the whole story to the police.D. The writer got home at 7: 30(5) What do you think of the writer?A. He is a bad person.B. He is a nice person.C. He is a strange person.D. He is a handsome person.【答案】(1) DC(3) A(4) B(5) B【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文作者讲述了一场交通事故的

38、情况。(1)细节题。根据 please help the old man. A car hit him and he is badly hurt!可知一辆轿车撞着一位老人。故选D.可知卡车司机把(2) 细节题。根据 well, don't worry. Let me take him to the hospital first," the driver said.老人带到医院。故选 Co(3)细节题。根据I thought I was great.可知，作者认为自己是棒的。故选Ao(4) 推断题。根据 When the car driver and his wife saw

39、this, they quickly closed the window of the car and drove away. 可知 A 正确； 根据 well, don't worry. Let me take him to the hospital first," the truck driver said. 可 知 B 错误；根据 I told the whole story to the police 可知 C 正确；根据 When I got home, it was 7: 30.可知 D 正确。故选Bo(5)推断题。根据 please help the old m

40、an. A car hit him and he is badly hurt!" I said.可知这个男孩是一个善良的人。故选Bo【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推理判断题都是常考题型。细节题要注意细节从文中找答案；推理题是 根据上下文，推断出所需要的信息。3 .阅读理解A couple of sparrows(麻雀)lived happily in a huge tree in a jungle. The female sparrow had laid her eggs and they were expecting their babies soon.One day, an el

41、ephant was unable to tolerate the heat of the summer sun. He destroyed all trees, including the tree where the sparrows lived.The sparrows managed to escape by flying away, but they lost their babies. The eggs fell down to the ground and broke into pieces. They cried loudly and decided to kill the e

42、lephant.They asked their friends, a woodpecker and a fly for help. The fly took them to meet one of his friends, an old frog. The frog was wise and he came up with a good plan soon.The frog explained, "Fly! Your task is to buzz in the elephant's ears in order to make him sleepy. The woodpec

43、kers task is to hurt his eyes and make him blind. In this hot summer days, he will certainly search for water. I will sit by the nearby pit( 深坑)and shout at the top of my voice."He continued, "When the thirsty elephant hears me, he will think there is a pond or lake nearby and follow my vo

44、ice. And when he does so, he will fall into the pit and die."The others agreed to the frog's plan. Everyone did their tasks perfectly. Finally, the elephant fell into the pit and died.(1) The underlined word "tolerate" means.A. protectB. standC. mindD. encourage(2) Why did the spa

45、rrows want to kill the elephant?A. Because the elephant destroyed all trees.B. Because the elephant killed some small animals.C. Because the elephant's behavior made them lose their babies.D. Because the elephant wanted to own their tree.(3) In what order did the following events take place?a. T

46、he frog shouted by the pit.b. The fly buzzed in the elephant's ears.C. The elephant fell into the pit and died.d. The elephant wanted to search for water.e. The woodpecker made the elephant blind.A. e-b-d-a-cB. b-e-d-a-cC. e-b-a-d-cD. b-e-a-d-c(4) What can we learn from the passage?A. A friend i

47、s easier lost than found.B. A good beginning is half done.C. Fact speaks louder than words.D. Many hands make light work.(5) What's the best title for the passage?A. A Perfect Plan B. A Poor Elephant C. Good Friends D. Wise Sparrows【答案】(1) BC(3) B(4) D(5) A【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲的是几个弱小的动物齐心协力杀死大象的故事。两只

48、麻雀因为大象的鲁养行为失去了孩子。他们向啄木鸟和苍蝇求助，苍蝇带他们去见一只青蛙。青蛙想出了一个需要他们共 同实施的完美计划，他们成功杀死了那头大象。(1) 词义猜测题。结合上下文One day, an elephant was unable to tolerate the heat of the summer sun. Hedestroyed all trees, including the tree where the sparrows lived.的描述可知，天气很热，大象无法忍受“这种热，就毁坏了所有的树，包括麻雀住的那棵，tolerate的含义是 忍受；容忍”，和stand同义，故答

49、案为B。(2)细节理解题。根据本段中的"but they lost their babies 以及“They cried loudly and decided to kill theelephant."可知麻雀想杀大象的原因是大象间接杀害了他们的孩子，故答案为C。(3)推理判断题。通读这五六两段可知，事件发生的顺序是：苍蝇在大象的耳朵边嗡嗡叫一啄木鸟啄瞎大象的眼睛一大象想找水一青蛙在深坑边大叫一大象掉进深坑里死了，故答案为Bo(4)推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述几个弱小的动物齐心协力杀死大象的故事，阐述的道理是 粉人拾柴火焰高”，故答案为Do(5)主旨大意题。通读全文可

50、知，本文讲的是麻雀、啄木鸟、苍蝇和青蛙共同实施的一个杀死大象的完美计划，故答案为Ao【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意 从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选 项。4 .根据短文内容理解选择正确答案。CWhat is your favorite color? Ask famous persons like Cate Blanchett, Scarlett Johnson, and Bono (singer for the band U2), and maybe they will s

51、ay“ green. " That ' s not because these artists likesthInsteadgreen bethey are interested in green fashion.Green fashion is about making (and wearing) clothes that are good for humans, animals, and the Earth. In the past, green fashion made people think of ugly clothes. But today, green fas

52、hion is different. It is about looking good and caring about the Earth and other people. You can have interesting clothes and be green.Around the world, green fashion is becoming popular. For example, the U.K. company People Tree sells men' s and women ' s clothand accessories(配搭物).They are

53、made from natural fabrics( 织物)like cotton and wool. Workers who make the clothes are from countries like Kenya( 肯尼亚),and Bangladesh(孟力口拉国).People Tree pays the men and women good money for the clothes they make.Singer Bono and his wife also started a clothing company called EDUN. When the clothes ar

54、e sold, EDUN uses most of the money to help people around the world.(1) From this passage, we know that “green fashion " means.A. putting green color on your faceB. making clothes from green treesC. wearing the color green all the timeD. wearing clothes that are good for the Earth(2) Today, gre

55、en fashion isA. the same as it was in the pastB. making people work harderC. more popular and interestingD. mostly popular with famous persons(3) Which sentence about green clothing companies is true?A. They are all in Africa.B. They do not pay their workers well.C. They make clothes only for women.

56、D. They use natural fabrics to make clothes.(4) What does EDUN do?A. It teaches people to make clothes.B. It makes interesting clothes for teenagers.C. It sells clothes and uses the money to help people.D. It pays people good money for the clothes they make.【答案】(1) DC（3） D（4） C【解析】【分析】细节理解。根据第二段 Gre

57、en fashion is about making （and wearing） clothes that are good for humans, animals, and the Earth可知绿色时尚是做或者穿对人、动物和地球有益的衣服。故选D。细节理解。根据第二段 But today, green fashion is different.和第三段 Around the world, green fashion is becoming popular可知当今绿色时尚更受欢迎。故选C=细节理解。根据第三段可知 he U.K. company People Tree sells men&#

58、39;s and women's clothing and accessories。己搭物）.They are made from natural fabrics（织物）like cotton and wool. Workers who make the clothes are from countries like Kenya（肯尼亚）,and Bangladesh（孟力口拉国）.People Tree pays the men and women good money for the clothes they make. 可知他们用天然纤维制作衣服。ABC错误，故选 D。细节理解。跟最后句 When the clothes are sold, EDUN uses most of the money to help people around the world.可知他们用钱帮助全世界的人们。故选C【点评】阅读理解考查