2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高考英语考前适应性试题(二)

1、2018届高考考前适应性试卷英 语（二）注意事项：1、答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2、回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3、考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第I卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分）第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhen I was a

2、kid in the 1960s. my pare nts had a country store in the small tow nof Frankfort, Maine. No neighboring houses could be seen from our place, and newsalesme n were always amazed at the amount of bus in ess we did. Dads motto was, “ Wesell everyth ing. ” If he did nt have someth ing in store, he would

3、 pick it up for customers on his weeklytrip to Bangor.One time Dad was in Ban gor getti ng shoes for some one at a shoe factory. He sawbig boxes full of shoes and asked about them. They were the mates（一双鞋中的一只 ）to faulty shoes that had been thrown away. He looked through the boxes and realized that t

4、here wereusable brand-new shoes in there. He offered the man ager five cents a shoe. Dad made the deal and gotthe manager to reserve any future boxes for him.Of course Mon, his bus in ess partner, was more practical, and her first reacti onwas, “ But what are you going to do with them? ” Dad bought

5、an old school bus. He clea ned it up,removed the seats and placed big containers dow n both sites of the aisle（ 通道）.When all was ready,- 2 -the whole family helped to put the shoes in place.At first, it looked like we had plenty of room on the bus, but Dadkept bringing homemore boxes.There was no si

6、gn on the Shoe Bus. The only advertising Dad did was to place apiece of paper beside the store exit that read“Shoes $1 a pair. ” When folks askedabout the deal. they learned it wasn t that easy because they had to find their ownpairs. The attract ion was a comb in ati on of gett ing a good deal on a

7、 quality pair of shoes and the thrill ofthe hunt.To this day I still run into people who talk about the fun they had search ingfor pairs in Dads Shoe Bus.21. The authors pare nts ran their store well becauseA. they always had eno ugh supplies in store.B. they won the great support of new salesme n.C

8、. they ope ned it in a very crowded n eighborhood.D. they did all they could to meet their customers n eed.22. Why did the customers think it fun shap ing in the Shoe Bus?A. There were free bus rides offered on them.B. They could receive better customer service.C. They could match pairs of shoes by

9、themselves.D. There was a wide variety of shoes to choose from.23. What can we lear n about the authors father from the text?A. He had a good nose for bus in ess.B. He was clever at tran sform ing a store.C. He was patie nt with customersD. He had a strong prefere nee for barga ins.【答案】21. D 22. C 2

10、3. A【解析】作者的父亲很有商业头脑，他开办的公交车鞋店的销售策略很受顾客欢迎，大家在买到物超所值的鞋子的同时还能体会到在公交车上寻找合适鞋子的快乐。21.推理判断题。根据第一段 Whenl was a kid in the 1960s. my- 3 -parents had a countrystore in the small town of Frankfort, Maine. No neighboringhouses could be seen Fromour place , and new salesme n were always amazed at the amount of b

11、us in ess we did. Dads motto was,“ We sell everyth ing. ” If he did nt have someth ing in store, he wouldpick it up for customers on his weekly trip to Ban gor.得知作者的父母经营的商店很成功，因为他们时刻想着为顾客提供他们想要购买的商品。故选Do22.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The attracti onwas a comb in atio n of getti nga gooddeal on a quality pair of sh

12、oes and the thrill of the hunt.得知顾客认为在公交车上找物美价廉的鞋子很有趣。故选Co23.推理判断题。根据 To this day I still run into people who talk about the funthey had searchi ng for pairs in Dads Shoe Bus.得知作者的父亲开创的公交车鞋店很受欢迎，他很有商业头脑。故选AoBFor the past 15 years, factory owner Kamal Parmar has been running an after-school program f

13、orslum kids in Ahmedabad, India, helping them with basic skills like reading and writing and even preparingfor their school tests.Parmar s story bega n one after noon 15 years ago. He stopped a few kids returni ng home from thelocal school and took their exam paper and asked them a few questi ons.Sh

14、ock in gly, he made a shock ing discovery-the stude nts, even the older on es, knewnothing about reading except the alphabet. And that left him thinking that something should be done forthese childre n.So he in vited the kids to visit his workshop every eve ning, where he set up atemporary classroom

15、 with metal desks. The shabby school started off with 10 students. Today, theFootpath School has a total of 155 students and many of the kids that Parmar has taught in the past 15years have gone to atte nd college and build successfulcareers.Despite havi ng studied only till the seve nth grade, he h

16、as bee n able to teach- 4 -the kids by inventing creative techniques. He asks them to read first and then toform questions on their own and read them out. In this way, many kids learn all seven subjects in six months.Parmar s family are very supportive of his project and are proud to see how much of

17、 an impact hehas had on the kids. His stude nts love him. Ten of his ex-stude nts- 5 -are curre ntly servi ng as teachers at the school and he does n teachers.For those who are in spiredby his story, but can t actuallyvolun teer at school,Parmar has a simple piece of ads ice:“ Try to educate justone

18、 child a year, andsee the differe nee it makes to the society.”24. Why did Parmar start the school?A. To earn some extra mon ey.B. To become a good teacher.C. To help the poor kids with their educati on.D. To make himself famous.bad livi ng con diti ons.terrible school exam result.lack of basic life

19、 skills.26. Which words can be used to describe Parmar?A. Dilige nt and in tellige nt.B. Selflessly and imagi native.C. Modest and patie nt.D. Humorous and rich.27._Parmar s advice in the last paragraph is to call on more people to.A. teach poor kidsB. work in his own factoryC. con tribute more mone

20、y to schoolsD. listen to his stories【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A【解析】本文主要讲了 Parmar 为了帮助贫穷的孩子进行他们的教育，建立了学校，并且 Parmar号召更多的人教导贫苦孩子。24.细节理解题。由第一段 For the past 15years, factory own er KamalParmar has beent have to employ any25. What does the un derl inedwordthat ” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The stude ntspo

21、or readi ng ability.B. The stude ntsC. The stude ntsD. Thestude- 6 -running an after-school program for slum kids in Ahmedabad, India,helping them withbasic skills like reading and writing and even preparing for their school tests.可知 Parmar 建立学校，是为了帮助贫穷的孩子进行他们的教育。故选C。25.细节理解题。由第二段 Shockingly, he mad

22、e a shocking discovery-the students,eve n the older on es, knew nothing about readi ng except the alphabet.可知孩子们很匮乏的阅读能力使得他认为自己必须为孩子们做些事情。故选A。26.推理判断题。由倒数第三段 Despite having studied only till the seventh grade,he has been able to teach the kids by inventing creative techniques.可判断出 Parmar有创造力，由最后一段 P

23、armar s family are very supportive of his project and are proud to see how muchof an impact he has had on the kids. His stude nts love him.可判断出 Parmar 非常无私。故选 B。27.推理判断题。由最后一段Parmar has a simple piece of ads ice:“Try to educatejust one child a year, and see the differe neeit makes to the society.”可知

24、最后一段 Parmar 的建议是号召更多的人教导贫苦孩子。故选A。CIf you want to be productive, you must complete work. Almost everyth ing we dohas manystages to completion and in many situations, you don t actually create value until you finish thelast stag e. Farmers can t sell their grain until it is harvested. Automakers can t

25、 sell cars that have madeit 90% of the way through the assembly line（ 生产线）.Most employers aren t goingto pay youfor havi ng a degree uni ess you fini shed the last class and graduated.Nowall those things require starting,but if you have work in progress, the mostvaluable thing you can do is to pick

26、someth ing and finish it. Fini shi ng is where youstart benefiting from the value you ve created. I ve noticed that many successfulpeopl e aren t the ones who are the smartest or have the best ideas. They are often the ones who do thebest job of tak ing an idea and complet ing it. A good idea fully

27、carried out is better tha n a great idea thatn ever gets completed.Does this mean you need to finish everything you start? Not necessarily, but ifyou don t thi nk someth ing is worth finishing, be hon est with yourself and termin ate the project. Don t leave hundreds of half finished efforts lying a

28、round physically or men tally act ing like you are going tocome back and pick them up. If you n eed to- 7 -drop someth ing , do so strategically and inten ti on ally. If you ve put sig ni fica nteffort into a project, you may still ben efit from finishing it even if you would n tstart it aga in base

29、d on cha nged circumsta nces. For example, if you are in your lastfew mon ths before graduat ing from college and realize you don t want to career inwhat you are majori ng in, you probably should go ahead and graduate because thereis significant value in having the degree-even if you don t intend to

30、 actuallywork in that field.What projects do you have that are curre ntly inprogress? Can you find someth ingand finish it?28. Why do many people become successful accord ing to the author?A. They are the smartest.B. They have the best ideas.C. They start thi ngs smoothly.D. They make ideas fully co

31、mpleted.29. What does the un derl ined word“ term in ate ” in paragraph 3 mean?A. Develop. B. End.C. Pla n.D. Support.30. According to the author, which of the followingis the correct way of creatingvalue?A. A man decides to finish all he starts to doB. Farmers hurry to sell their crops before they

32、are ripeC. A college stude nt chooses to study un til he gets his degreeD. A stude nt keeps a half-filled stamp album around for future use31. What is the best title for the text?A. Finishing vs. Starting.B. Well Begun is Half Done.C. Pla nning vs. Perform ing.D. It is Easier Said tha n Done.【答案】28.

33、 D 29. B 30. C 31. A【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章作者主要讨论了并非所有事情开始了都需要完成。- 8 -28.细节理解题。根据文章第二段I ve noticed that manysuccessful people aren tthe ones who are the smartest or have the best ideas. They are ofte n the ones whodo the best job of taking an idea and completing it. A good idea fully carried out is better t

34、han a great ideathat never gets complete.可知，成功的人是那些能够把自己的好想法付诸实施并完成的人。故选Do29.词义猜测题。根据文章第三段 Not necessarily, but if you don t think somethingis worth finishing, be hon est with yourself and term in ate the project.根据语境可知，开始了的事情未必将要全部完成。如果你认为某事不值得做，要忠实于自己，并可以终止它。故选 B。30.细节理解题。根据文章第三段前两句可知选择项A 错误；根据文章第

35、一段Farmerscan t sell their grain until it is harvested.可知选择项 B 错误；根据文章第三段最后一句可知选择项 C 正确；根据文章第三段 Don t leave hundreds of half finished efforts lying aroundphysically or men tally act ing like you are going to come back and pickthem up.可知选择项 D 错误。故选 C。31.主旨大意题。根据文章大意：文章作者主要讨论了并非所有事情开始了都需要完成。所以用标题 Finis

36、hing vs. Starting。故选 A。DThe Nazca Lines are a series of large ancient geoglyphs (地画)in the Nazca Desert, in southern Peru.It is ranging from geometric patter ns to draw ings of differe nt animals and stylized human-like forms. Theancient lines can only be truly taken in from high in the air, leaving

37、 generations puzzled as to how theseprecise works could have bee n completed long before the docume nted inven ti on of huma n flight.The Lines were first spotted whe n commercial airli nes bega n flyi ng across thePeruvia n desert in the 1920s. Who built them and what was their purpose? Are they ro

38、ads, star poin ters,maybe even a giga ntic map? If the people who lived here 2,000 years ago had only a simple tech no logy,how did they man age to con structsuch precisefigures? Did they have a pla n? These markings are like a vast puzzle.The Nazca Lines are the most outsta nding group of geoglyphs

39、 in the world. There are also hugegeoglyphs in Egypt, Malta, United States (Mississippi and California), Chile, Bolivia and in other coun tries.But the Nazca geoglyphs, because of their- 9 -nu mbers, characteristics, dime nsions and cultural continuity as they were made andremade throughout a certa

40、in history period, form the most impressive archeological（考古学的）group.The Nazca pla in is unique for its ability to preserve the markings upon it, dueto the comb in ati on of the climate （one of the driest on Earth, with only twe nty minu tes of rain fall peryear） and the flat, stony ground which min

41、i mizes the effect of thewind at ground level. With no dust or sandto cover the plain and little rain or windto erode （腐蚀）it, lines drawn here tend to stay drawn. These factors,combined withthe existe nee of lighter-colored subsoil ben eath the desert surface, provide a vastwriti ng pad that is suit

42、ed to the artist who wants to leave his mark eter nal._32. What can we know about the Nazca Lines from the first two paragraphs?A. They were built as a big map.B. They were formed by n ature.C. They are ancient lines in caves.D. They are huge markings in a desert.33. How many factors make the Nazca

43、Lines the most impressive?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.34. Why are the Nazca Lines well preserved?A. Because of the wind at gro und level.B. Because of the existe nee of soft soil.C. Because of the climate and geography.D. Because of the thick sand on the top.35. What does the underlined word“eter

44、nal ” probably mean?A. Non-stop.B. Ever-lasti ng.C. Real-life.D. High-e nd.【答案】32. D 33. D 34. C 35. B【解析】文章介绍了出现在秘鲁南部Nazca 沙漠的大型古代地画The Nazca Lines，其神奇之处及形成原因。32.纟田节推理题。根据第一段The Nazca Lines are a series of- 10 -large ancient geoglyphs（地画）in the Nazca Desert, in southern Peru.及对 The Nazca Lines 图案和发

45、现过程的具体介绍，可知 the Nazca Lines 是出现在秘鲁南部 Nazca 沙漠的大型古代地画。故选 D。33.细节推理题。根据第二段列举的Who built them and what was their purpose? Arethey roads, star poin ters, maybe even a giga ntic map? If the people who lived here2,000 years ago had only a simple tech no logy, how did they man age to con struct such precise

46、 figures?Did they have a pla n?四方面使人迷惑的问题，可知这四个因素使theNazca Lin es 更独特更使人们难忘。故选34.推理判断题。根据最后一段 The Nazca plain is unique for its abilityto preservethe markings upon it, due to the comb in ati on of the climate and the flat,stony gro undwhich mini mizes the effect of the wind at ground level.可知因为这里干燥少

47、雨的气候和平坦多石的地形使地画能很好的被保留。故选C。35.猜测词义题。最后一句指这些因素，加上沙漠表面下浅色地下土壤的存在，给那些想要永久留下印记的艺术家提供了一个巨大的书写板。“eternal ”永恒的，和 Ever-lasting同义。故选 B。第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项 为多余选项。It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake. _36_ In fact, there is more time to hel

48、p yousurvive than you think.As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once.Rememberto get con trol of your breath ing and not to move around.37 This meansthat it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing ,ten minutes to move before you get toocold. The fi

49、nal one is to remi nd you that it will take one hour before you become uncon scious.Take that first minute and fully focus on your breath ing. Slow it dow n, and the nlook around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice. When you locate theice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then b

50、egin to flutter-kick （ 上下打水）until your body becomeshoriz on tal with the surface._38_. _- 11 -It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require somepla nning. You only have about 10 minu tes before your muscles and n erves become too cold to work.Besid

51、es, what if you feel too weal to go on and you cannot get out?_39The point is to en courageyour coat to freeze to the ice, sothat if you lose con scious ness, you will keep your head out of ice. _40_ ._A. It can help to remember the1-10- 1 prin ciple”.B. However, if you rema in calm, it can save you

52、r life.C. Remove any cloth ing or heavy objects that are weight ing you dow n.D. Thus you will rema in visible for rescue, even if you pass out.E. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.F. Remember that you should always stay off ice that s only 3 inches.G. Place your arms o

53、ver the surface of the ice and remain still.【答案】36. B 37. A 38. E 39. G 40. D【解析】本文作者主要介绍了在结冰的湖面上跌倒遇到危险如何自救。36.根据上下文和句间语境解题。由前句的terrifying和后句的 help you survive 可知此处为转折关系。故选B。37.此空与后一句 This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of yourbreath ing ,te n minu tes to move before you get to

54、o cold.形成概念与解释关系，后一句解释了“1-10-1 法则”。故选 A。38.根据上下文话题一致和逻辑顺序关系解题。根据原文，落水后你有一分钟时间确定位置，那下一步一定是想办法如何爬出水面。故选E。39.根据句间语境解题。此空是对上一句问题的解答。没有力气爬出来怎么办，那应该让自己的胳膊支撑在冰面上，并保持不动。故选G40. 根据上下文话题一致和句间语境解题。上一句说解救自己的关键是让自己的衣服与 冰冻在一起，目的在于自己失去意识前能够将头部露出冰面，这样就能够被他人发现，以得 到解救。故选 D。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45）- 12 -第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小

55、题 1.5分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D ）中，选出可以填- 13 -入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。After Aida s parents fled war -torn Bosnia for Sweden in the early 1990s, theyput their five-year-old daughter in a school full of n ative Swedes and made sure shestudied hard to get ahead. It_ 41_ . Today she is Swede

56、n s minister for uppersec on dary educati on. Like her fellow across Europe, she faces a new _42_ -makingsure that a fresh wave of refugee childre n can in tegrate （融入）as successfully asshe did.In the countriesaccepting the most refugees-Sweden and Germany-lack of _43一is n ot a problem. Before the m

57、igra nt poured, both coun tries faced _44_ numbers_of pupils because of low birth rates.The biggest problem for the education_ 45 _ is that refugee children tend tobe concentratedtogether. Many _46_ schools near refugee centers or in immigrantn eighborhoods. This means they are partially separated a

58、nd less_47_ to learn_the local la nguage.Moreover, immigra nts 48 find hous ing in poor areas with lower educati onstandard.Schools where more than a quarter of studentsare immigrants usually49 worse than those with no immigrants. From 2002 to 2012 Sweden s50in the OECD s Programme for International

59、 Student Assessment （PISA） fell more than51 country s.The Germa n system has its 52 .In some Germa n states, school days are being53, and the 54 has made a big investment in preschool education. In Sweden,mean while older refugees are being trained as teach ing _55_ to speed in tegrati on. But far m

60、ore couldbe done.Most importa ntly, Europea n gover nments n eed to treat refugee childre n as an56 rather than a problem. 57 by a desperate desire for a better life, they and their pare nts tend to behard-work ing and_ 58_. Europeans who worried aboutmigrants studying together 59 their children sho