介系词(Preposition)置於做为它受词的代名词或名词

1、介系詞(Preposition)：置於做為它受詞的代名詞或名詞片語或子句亦可之前用來說明其受詞與其他字的關係。因隨處可見又無類似中文用語要特別用心隨時注意學習。介系詞功能眾多分述如下：1. 表時間：(1) 長時間：in + year(2004), season(summer), month(March), in +the morning, the afternoon, the evening(2) 短時間：at + clock time(3:30, 5 pm, 10 AM), noon, night, dawn(3) 特定日期：on + date(March 3rd , Valentines

2、day, my birthday),on +day(Sunday, Sunday afternoon, Sunday night)(4) 一段時間：for 3 days, during winter vacation寒假期間,from Monday to Friday, since last week(自從上周開始) within this semester 這學期之內(5) 約略時間：by three oclock (三點前),around three oclock (三點左右)about three days(6) 時間前後：before 6:30 (6:30 之前), until 6:3

3、0 (直到6:30), after 6:30 (6:30 之後), half past 6 (六點又過半個鐘頭；6:30), a quarter to 7差一刻鐘就七點；6:45 凡以this, that, next, last, every 開頭的時間都不加介系詞。× in this morning, in last year, on next Monday, at every night, 2. 表地點：(1) 大地方：in + the U.S., the world, Taipei, Taiwan,(2) 小地方：at + the store, the office, the

4、hospital, the university,at之後名詞前無定冠詞the時如：at church(做禮拜), ,at dinner(吃晚餐),at work(工作), 表示正在做某事。比較:at the school(在學校)at school(上學) at the market(在市場), at market(在購物) on/in + street/road(街道)；at + 門牌號碼(3) 相對位置靜態：on(在上面,有接觸表面)çèbeneath(在下面,有接觸表面) thetableabove(高於) averageçèbelow(低於)

5、averageover(在正上方) the roofçèunder(在正下方) the roofinside(在裡面) the classroomçèoutside(在外面) theclassroomin front of(在前面) youçèbehind(在後面) you(4) 相對位置動態：to(去)Tainançèfrom(來自) Tainango to Taipei = leave/start for Taipeiup(上) the hillçèdown(下) the hillinto(

6、進入) the kitchençè out of(離開) the kitchenaway from(遠離) the schoolçè toward(朝向) the schoolonto(到表面) the groundçèoff(離開表面) the ground(5) 其他：in(在裡面) the house, by/beside/near(靠近) the window, against(倚靠) the wall, across(穿越) the road, through the tunnel(貫穿隧道), around the isl

7、and(環島)between(兩者之間) you and me, among(三者以上) all my friends× to here, in outdoors, on tomorrow, go to home 副詞前不可用介系詞但at home 是對的。3. 表方法：by + bicycle(交通工具), telephone(通訊工具), studying hard(動名詞片語表示方法) with + a pen, a screw driver(螺絲起子),(工具)4. 表目的：He exercises for his health. 他為了健康而運動。 Students stu

8、dy for passing the exam. 學生為了考試及格而用功。此句亦可寫成Students study to pass the exam. 但to pass是表目的的不定詞5. 表理由：Hsinchu is famous for rice noodles. 新竹以米粉而聞名。 He is blamed for making mistakes. 他因犯錯而被責備。 Some people are die of bird flu. 有些人死於禽流感。 I am suffering from a sore throat. 我為喉嚨痛所苦。6. 其他：(1) I dont want to

9、talk about it.有關(2) Are they for it or against it? 你贊成還是反對？(3) I work as a teacher.我擔任教師的工作(4) My mother looks young for her age. 我媽媽看起來很年輕。(5) Ill go swimming with you.我將和你一起去游泳。(6) The color of my car is red.我的汽車是紅色的。(7) I buy my notebook computer for forty thousand dollars.以代價(8) Can you buy the

10、concert ticket for me? 為了(9) This bookcase is made of wood. 以材料(可看出原始材料)(10) This cake is made from flour, milk, and sugar. 以材料(無法看出原始材料)(11) I am interested in English. 對感興趣(12) Lets talk in English. 以語言(13) She looks happy. She must be in good mood.心情好(14) Can you tell right from wrong? 分辨(15) His

11、 lecture is on interpersonal relationship.針對主題(16) Besides English, I also like French.除之外(17) I dont like any sports except swimming. 除之外(18) When I saw her on TV, you were talking on the phone. (19) The score of todays NBA game was 98 to 95.比(20) Are you happy with your grades? 對滿意(21) Do you have credit cards with you? 伴隨(二)片語介系詞：1. According to the news, it will rain tomorrow.2. In spite of the heavy rain, they still go hiking.3. There is a garden in front of my house.4. Instead