语法专项训练

1、 语法专项训练热点语法项目之名词. 一、 看一看1. 名词的功能：在句中作主语、宾语、表语等，可以被形容词、冠词、形容词性物主代词等修饰。因此，判断某处是否需用名词可以根据这些依据作出推测。2. 确定某处用名词之后，注意考虑该名词是可数还是不可数名词，若可数则考虑单复数的问题。3. 名词可由动词、形容词派生而来。因此，出题人要考查名词时，常在括号中给动词或形容词提示。下面是一些常见的名词后缀：. ee, 如employee, interviewee . al, 如 refusal, arrival, survival. bility, 如possibility, ability . hood,

2、 如 childhood. ship, 如 friendship, hardship . ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 如 action, conclusion, destruction二、 练一练1. His friend gave him a lot of help after his _ (promote) to manager.2. The _ (appoint) will be announced next week.3. The _ (appear) of the clown(小丑) immediately brought a lot of

3、laughs out of the audience.4. Only three people survived in the accident. Many people think the _ (survive) couldnt have lasted so long without water and food.5. She is too worried about her husbands health. Her _ (anxious) is wearing her out.6. He breathed a sigh of _ (relieve).7. At least 100 _ (e

4、mploy) are still in demand in this company.8. It is said that a _ (translate) from Beijing will act as a guide to the foreigners.热点语法项目之代词.一. 看一看1. 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词例如：This is not your book. Yours is over there.2. 注意反身代词的复数：ourselves, yourselves, themselves3. 不定代词：other，the other，another，all， both

5、， some， any. any/every other +单数名词 如: Is there any other person from Guangzhou?. others 泛指“别的人或物”； the others 指“所有其余的人或物”. one the other“（两者中的）一个另外一个” . bothand. “两者都” . eitheror “或者.或者” . neithernor“既不.也不”4. it的用法：. 代替上文提过的单数名词如： I cant find my pen anywhere. I must have lost it. 用于表天气、距离、时间、自然环境等。常

6、用于作其句子的主语。. 代指整个句子所表达的意思。如：She failed the exam and it made her worried. 作形式主语、形式宾语。 . 强调句：It is/wasthat三、 练一练1. _ was for this reason that the young man made up his mind to return to the university.2. To build up her health, Susan has made _ a rule that she get up at six every morning.3. He got up e

7、arly every morning and read English aloud so as to improve his English, but _ didnt help.4. The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than _ in the newspaper.5. The students in my class are obviously much more active than _ in your class.6. John sold most of his things. He has ha

8、rdly _ left in his house.7. There is still one copy of the book in the library. Will you borrow _?8. She gave the children two apples _.9. Your flight has been cancelled. You will have to stay here for _ two days.10. The couple are still not able to earn enough to support _ for their daily necessiti

9、es.11. Mike is writing a letter to _ sister whom he hasnt seen for a long time.热点语法项目之冠词.一. 看一看 1. 不定冠词：a/an. 表示“一”这个数量。如：My mother is a middle school teacher. 用于抽象名词（常表心理活动或情感的名词）的具体化，如feeling, success, failure, pity, joy等。如：As a teacher, Iam a success; but as a mother, I am a failure. a/an +比较级+单数

10、名词，表“一个更.”。 如：You can find a better restaurant in this town. 有些搭配：have a look/at, have a population of, cover an area of等。2. 定冠词：the. 世界上独一无二的事物前； . 乐器的名词前，如play the piano. 重复前面提到过的人或物时，用the修饰。如：I saw a film yesterday, but the film was not interesting. the +形容词，表一类人。如：the old/young. 最高级、序数词的前面，常用the

11、。 如：the best/worst, the first/second二、练一练1. The dress is so beautiful. She must be happy to get it as _ birthday present.2. I want to change this book for another one because _ page of the book is torn.3. _ Shanghai you see today is quite a different city from what it used to be.4. For many resident

12、s in our city, dreams of living in a green area are becoming _ reality.5. We finished our work with joy and we thought it _ great joy to work with him.6. It was Karl Marx who first developed _ political theory known as communism.7. Jumping out of an airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _ exciting

13、experience.8. The cakes were so delicious that he would like to have _ third one.9. I hear the workers in this factory get paid by _ week.热点语法项目之形容词、副词.一. 看一看1. 副词的构成：2. 不规则的几个词的比较级最高级：little, much/many,far, old,bad/badly,good/well3. much/even/far/a little/still 常修饰比较级。如：John runs fast, but Lucy run

14、s even faster.4. 倍数的表达：.as+原级+as 如：This river is three times as long asthat one.; . 比较级+than 如：This river is three times longer than that one. . the +名词（size/height/weight/length/width）+of 如：This river is three times the length of that one.5. 相关词缀：.-able,-ible: confortable, responsible; . al:natural

15、,educational; . ar:popular, regular; . ing:moving, touching; . ish:foolish, selfish, boyish, childish; . ive:decisive, impressive; . some:troublesome, handsome; . ful:beautiful, wonderful; . ous:dangerous, generous; .-less:careless, helpless, hopeless;二、练一练1.I enjoyed my visit to the Great Wall. It

16、was far _ (interesting) than I had expected it to be.2. The salesman showed her several bags and she chose the _ (little) expensive one as she didnt want to spend too much on a bag.3. A little boy like him cannot lift _ heavy a box as that.4. A little boy like him cannot lift _ a heavy box as that.5

17、. She doesnt speak as much _ her friend, but her written work is excellent.6. It takes a long time to get there by train. I suggest you go there by air because its _ (quick).7. If I had to choose between the two, I would say John was _ better choice.8. A good way for us to memorize new words is by r

18、eading them _ (repeat).9. I would be very _ (please) if you could give me an early reply.10. The lessons given by Mr. Smith are always _ (encourage) and interesting.11. While a person is asleep, a part of his brain is still _ (act).12. That boy is _ addicted to playing computer games that his parent

19、s dont know what to do.13. The old man is _ ill to survive until the end of this year.14. The old man is so _ (forget) that youll have to remind him of his three meals.热点语法项目之介词.一. 看一看1. 几组易混淆的介词的辨析. at，in，on，by表时间的区别：at表时间点、时刻或节日（如at 5；30）；in表在某个较长的时间内（如in the morning），还可表示一段时间之后（如in five minutes）；

20、on表具体的日子或特定的时间（如on National Day）；by表不迟于，“到.为止”。. across和through:across表从某物表面通过，与on有关；through表从某物内部通过，与in有关。. with, in , by用于表示行为的工具、手段或方式时的区别：with用于有形的工具或身体的某些器官等的前面，其后面的名词多被冠词或物主代词修饰（如with a hammer）；by用于表这种意义时后面常直接接名词（如by ship）；in常用于使用语言、材料、单位、声音等（如in English, in ink, in kilos, in a low voice）. for

21、和of: 如：It is kind of you to help me. It is important for us to learn English well. buy/cook/fetch/get/make/order+for sb.;bring/give/lend/offer/pass/send/show/tell/write.+to sb. as和like表“像”：as+句子；like+名词或代词2. 一些搭配：the key/answer to ; be interested in; respect for; reward for; be different from; free

22、from; be full of; be fond of; be proud of; be angry with; be strict with; be popular with; similar to; close to; be worried about二. 练一练1. No one helped me. I did it all _ myself.2. Mnay of my students have gone to university, some _ whom have gone to study abroad.3. I think your help will be _ great

23、 help to me.4. Four Chinese models were _ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the world Supermodel Competition.5. Try on this red skirt, you will look great _ it.6. Jiangsu is in the east of China, but Japan is _ the east of China.7. Ill go home at half past five, so you should hand in your ex

24、ercise _ five oclock this afternoon. 热点语法项目之动词的时态语态.一. 看一看： 1.几种常考时态的常用时间状语 .与一般现在时连用的常见时间状语：often, always, usually, sometimes, every week, in the morning, on Sunday等。.与一般过去时连用的常见时间状语：yesterday, last week, last year, in 2008等。. 与现在完成时连用的常见时间状语：up to/till now, so far, already,not.yet,ever, never, rec

25、ently, in the past(few)/recent years等。.与现在进行时连用的常见时间状语：now, at present, at this moment, at this time等。2. 易混时态辨析： 一般过去时与现在完成时如：I ate a lot of delicious food. (强调过去的动作) I have eaten a lot of delicious food.(强调过去的动作对现在产生影响) 3. 被动语态和系表结构的区别：如：The window was broken by John.(被动语态，表示动作) The window is broke

26、n now.(系表结构，表示状态)二. 练一练1. The boy _(finish) his homework so he can go out to play football with other boys.2. No sooner had he arrived at the airport than he _ (hear) that his plane had been cancelled .3. It _ (say) that Joe, my former classmate , will get married next year.4. The driver _ (fine) 20

27、0 yuan for speeding last week.5. Could I use your computer for a while? Sorry. It broke down earlier this morning. It _ (repair).6. Will we go on a picnic this weekend? Yes. Unless it _ (rain).热点语法项目之非谓语动词.一、 看一看：1. 非谓语动词种类V-ingV-edto do用途表主动、进行表被动、完成表目的、将来2.判断是否为非谓语动词的方法：当一个句子中出现第二个动词，又没有and、or之类的连

28、接并列谓语时，则这第二个动词为非谓语动词。3. 判断出是非谓语动词后，到底用V-ing, V-ed还是用to do的方法：若作定语，看其和所修饰的名词的关系；若作状语，看其和该句主语的关系；若作宾语，则看其和宾语的关系。如：The swimming boy is Tom. Feeling tired, I went to bed early last night.I wll try my best to make myself understood by most of you.二. 练一练1.The problem is difficult _ (solve).2. _ (work) in

29、Beijing for ten years, he returned to his hometown to set up his own business.3. The bridge, _ (complete) last October, will be open to traffic next month.4. With the problem _ (solve), he continued his research work.热点语法项目之主谓一致.一、看一看：.class/family/team/group/audience+单形动词（表示整体） +复形动词（表示个体）如：The fam

30、ily is big. The family are watching TV. one/ body/ thing +单形动词如：Someone is knocking at the door. 时间/距离价值/重量/长度+单形动词如：Four years is not long enough for you to learn English. A and B +单形动词(表同一人，物或概念） + 复形动词(表不同人, 物或概念） 如：A pen and book is what I need. A pen and a book are what I need. Each/Every/No/Ma

31、ny a+ A and B +单形动词如: Each boy and girl was given a present. 动名词短语/不定式短语/名词性从句+单形动词如: Getting up early makes us healthy. To say is east, but to do is difficult. police/people/public /crew/clothes+复数动词如: The police wear black in winter. Either A or BNeither A nor BNot only A but also B +动词 要符合就近原则 No

32、t A but B A or B 如: Neither the teacher nor the students want to have classes on Sunday.Not only the students but also the teacher wishes for holidays. withbesidesbut/exceptA+ together with + B +动词 要符合就前原则along withas well as no less than如：Mr. Black , as well as two women, is in the office. Neither

33、of +复数名词+单形动词/复形动词 None of +单数名词+单形动词如：None of the students has/have arrived.None of the money belongs to me. All/ Most/ Half/ Some 单数名词+单形动词The rest/ Lots/ A lot The majority/ Plenty/Part +of 分数/ 百分数 复数名词+复形动词如：The rest of my time was spent in reading.The rest of the books are useful.二、 练一练1. The n

34、umber of students attending Chinese universities _ (rise) since 1997.2. Either you or one of your students _ (be) to attend the meeting.3. Looking after those shildren with disabilities _ (take) a lot of time and efforts.4. The scientise and writer _ (write) lots of books for children up to till now

35、.5. The students together with their teacher _(be) satisfied with the result of the final exam.热点语法项目之从句.一. 练一练1. _ is obviously right is to give every child an equal opportunity to get educated.2. We will make sure home is the best place for him and _ we will back him always.3. There is still a bel

36、ief in his mind _ he is sure to find his mother one day.4. The goal was to test _ Internet stations could be set up there.5. Mr. Fan is a kind teacher, _ always helps others.6. I still remember the days _ we spent on the beautiful island.7. Could you give me the reason _ you missed the class this mo

37、rning?8. It is the most frighting situation _ I have ever been in.9. Have you ever met with the case _ a familiar mans name escapes you?10. She is a lonely woman, _ husband died last year.11. The boy was about to go upstairs _ he heard someone calling his name.12. You cant go out after 9pm _ you hav

38、e your parents permission.13. The boy didnt start to do his homework _ he heard his fathers steps.14. The children were so excited _ no one noticed their teacher come in.15. It is five years _ I arrived here.16. Young _ Jack is ,he knows a great deal about advanced technology.语法专项训练题：Paaage1. I was

39、on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car 31 (break) down near a remote and poor village. Cursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to 32 should have the honor o

40、f receiving me 33 a guest in their house. Finally, I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house. While she was getting me 34 (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to 35 small town some 20 kilometres away 36

41、there was a garage. I had noticed three hens running free in my hostess's courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table. 37 villagers brought me goat's cheese and hone. We drank together and talked 38 (merry) till far into the night. When the time came for me to say goo

42、dbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman 39 the trouble I had caused 40 .Passage2.Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese peoples daily life. 31 these proverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop 32

43、 (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. It is said that a shorttempered man in the Song Dynasty (9601279) was very anxious to help 33 rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about 34 day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected. One day, he came up with an idea

44、35 he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day. He was very tired 36 doing this for a whole day, 37 he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” 38 (high). His son heard about this and went to see the crop. Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither.This proverb

45、is saying we have to let things go in their 39 (nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often 40 (result) in the contrary to our intention.Passage3. Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult _31_ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her fa

46、ther. She wished that he was as easy _32_ （please）as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume. Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not _33_ pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or _34_ （push）you with their elbows（肘部），hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. Jane paused in front of a counter _35_ some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk，”the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience tha