2013年9月28日托福写作真题解析

1、 2013年9月28日托福写作真题解析综合写作:Why bioluminescent mushroom produce light阅读：Three theories1 spreading of pores(light在fruiting bodies那个地方)2 preventing predators(by attracting the predators that prey on mushroom-feed insects)3 get rid of harmful chemicals听力反驳：Less convincing1 有些light不在那个body里，即发光和存spore不是一个部位

2、2 研究表明蘑菇吸引到的predator很少，不足以吃完insects3 getting rid of harmful chemical是本能，不然就会死。但有的蘑菇有发光有的却没有，甚至同一个species也是有的没有，有的有，而他们中的大多数也能防止有害物质并存活下来。独立写作：When you are assigned an important presentation for work or school, you prefer to work on it right away so that you can work on it a little bit every day, or

3、wait until you have a good idea about the presentationA lot of students prefer to start their schoolwork closer to when its due, but not me. I like to start working as soon as I get an assignment. One reason I think this method works better is because it feels less stressful. For example, if you spr

4、ead out an essay assignment over 2 weeks instead of doing it all in 2 days, the assignment suddenly doesnt seem as daunting. You only need to work on it an hour or two a day, instead of cramming all of your writing and research into a 48-hour marathon. But this reason alone wouldnt be enough to get

5、me working on assignments early.Another reason its better to start tackling schoolwork right away is that spreading work out over a longer period gives you more time to consider different approaches to your task. If youre writing about a historical event, for example, it might be helpful to think ab

6、out it from multiple perspectives. But rushing through your writing and research over the course of 2 days may not give you the pauses you need to distance yourself from the work and consider different interpretations. If you took your time, on the other hand, you might get flashes of inspiration du

7、ring your time away from working on the assignment. Developing your topic bit by bit every day, you can incorporate interesting or unconventional ideas that might not have occurred to you had you just left the assignment untouched until the last minute.Finally, I think doing your work early is a goo

8、d way to actually retain the material. Studies have shown that spaced-repetitionthat is, reviewing previously learned material at spaced out intervalsis far more effective for remembering information than just cramming. Thats because our brains need some time to process and incorporate the informati

9、on weve learned into our long-term memory. By reinforcing our knowledge over a period of, say, weeks rather than hours, we give our brains the time they need to really learn things thoroughly. I know this holds true for me personallyif I study in the weeks leading up to a test rather than just the night before, I remember the information much better.Its easy to put off work until the last minute, but starting early has a lot of benefits. Its less stressful, for one thing, but it also gives you time to consid