楚辞英文翻译及讲解（课堂PPT）

1、1Lecture 4 Chu ciSujie LiSchool of English, BISU2016-10-92Famous Lines路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索。长太息以掩涕兮，哀民生之多艰。亦余心之所善兮，虽九死其犹未悔。与天地兮同寿，与日月兮齐光。吾不能变心而从俗兮，固将愁苦而终穷。3A General IntroductionThe English for 楚辞Elegies of Chu, Songs of Chu, The Verse of Chu, Elegies of the South , Chu ciTime for Chu ci: the Warring Stat

2、es Period (475-221 BC)Elegies of Chu were written in the Chu language, chanted with Chu pronunciation, and described places or objects in Chu.楚辞是指兴起于战国时期，以屈原为代表所创作的诗歌样式，它具有楚国鲜明的地方色彩， 是继诗经以后出现的一种新诗体。汉成帝时，刘向整理古文献，把屈原、宋玉的作品和汉代人仿写的作品汇编成集，成为楚辞。“辞”及文辞之意，也写作“楚词”。从此， “楚辞”既是一部诗歌总集的名称，也是一种文学体制的名称。4Comparison

3、b/w Verse of Chu and Book of SongsBook of SongsThe 11th - 6th cent. BC (W. Zhou-S &A P)Anonymousalong the Yellow River in North China(Qi, Zheng, Wei, Qin)the earliest anthology of realistic poems written by common peopleUniversal themes and situations Quiet, subdued, simpleVerse of ChuThe 5th -3rd c

4、ent. BC (WSP)Qu Yuan, Song Yuthe State of Chu, along the Yangzi Valley, South Chinathe earliest collection of romantic poems written by officials or nobles Local characteristics, personal features Passionate, flowery 56Qu YuanQu Yuan (340-278 BC) the most important Chu poet, the first great of China

5、, the founder of the elegies of Chu. Qu Yuan “had both wide learning and a retentive memory, had an insight into political situation and was gifted with a silver tongue”. A life of political ambitions and frustrations. Unable to fulfil his political dreams, he killed himself by jumping into the Milu

6、o River (Duanwu festival).7Works of Qu:离骚离骚Meaning of the title: 东汉王逸释为:”离，别也；骚，愁也.” 另一 说，“离同罹，遭遇；骚，忧愁”English translation: Sorrow after Departure, The Lament on Encountering Sorrows, Li SaoAutobiographical373 lines, 2490 words, over 70 rhymes, a great long poem, not only remarkable in Chinese lit.,

7、 but also a wonder in world lit.8The poem describes the poets patriotism, his disillusionment with a society fallen into evil ways and his imaginary journey in a chariot drawn by a dragon and a phoenix to a supernatural world.9Other poems by QuQu Yuan has finished 23 poems in totalIn three categorie

8、s: 1. political lyrics政治抒情诗：离骚,九章(The Nine Elegies)2. lyrics in the name of odes to gods 借祭歌以抒情的诗：九歌（The Nine Songs)、招魂(Requiem)3. philosophical lyrics偏哲理的抒情诗天问(Asking Heaven)10The Nine Songs （11）1. 东皇太一2. 云中君3. 湘君4. 湘夫人5. 大司命6. 少司命7. 东君8. 河伯9. 山鬼10. 国殇11. 礼魂1. The Almighty Lord of the East2. To the

9、 God of Cloud3. To the Lord of River Xiang4. To the Lady of River Xiang5. The Great Lord of Fate 6. The Young Goddess of Fate7. the God of the Sun8. The God of River9. The Goddess of the Mountain10. For Those Fallen for the Country 11. The Last Sacrifice11The Nine Songs are songs dedicated to gods a

10、nd goddesses. Their form is suggestive of drama, in which a male or a female shaman donned elaborate costume and make-up, and singing and dancing, invited the god or goddess to an amorous encounter. As sacrifice to the gods were occasions for courtship, the mention of love in these poems is natural.

11、 - Xu Yuanchong12东皇太一东皇太一吉日兮辰良，穆将愉兮上皇。抚长剑兮玉珥(r)，璆锵(qi,qing)鸣兮琳琅。瑶席兮玉瑱， 盍(h)将把兮琼芳。蕙肴蒸兮兰藉， 奠桂酒兮椒浆。扬枹(f)兮拊(f)鼓， 疏缓节兮安歌，陈竽瑟兮浩倡。灵偃蹇兮姣服，芳菲菲兮满堂。五音纷兮繁会， 君欣欣兮乐康。13The Almighty Lord of the EastAuspicious hour, oh! of lucky day! With deep respect, oh! we worship our lord.His jade pendants, oh! chime on display

12、; He hold the hilt, oh! of his long sword.Jade weights fasten, oh! his mat divineAdorned with gems, oh! and flowers sweet.We pour pepper sauce, oh! and laurel wineAn serve in orchids, oh! the spiced meat14We raise the rod, oh! to beat the drum;The drumbeats rise, oh! into the cloud. In slow rhythm,

13、oh! we sing and hum;To pipes and flutes, oh! we chant aloud.In fair array, oh! our lord appears;His fragrance fills, oh! the ritual hall.Five sounds mingle, oh! and charm our ears;Our lord is glad, oh! and gladdens all.15云中君云中君浴兰汤兮沐芳，华采衣兮若英；灵连蜷（qun)兮既留，烂昭昭兮未央；謇（jin）将憺兮寿宫，与日月兮齐光；龙驾兮帝服，聊翱游兮周章；灵皇皇兮既降，猋

14、(bio)远举兮云中；览冀州兮有余，横四海兮焉穷；思夫君兮太息，极劳心兮忡忡。16To the God of CloudBathed in orchids, oh! sweet-scented dewsAnd dressed in robes, oh! of varied hues,With fleecy hair, oh! you slowly riseTo beautify, oh! the morning skies.In deathless hall, oh! you say at noon;Your whiteness rivals, oh! sun and moon.The dragon is, oh! your charioteer;You waft and wander, oh! far and near.17In sliver drops, o