2018年职称英语卫生阅读理解备考练习The,Visually,Impaired,Person职称英语阅读理解翻译

1、2018职称英语卫生阅读理解备考练习The,Visually,Impaired,Person职称英语阅读理解翻译Visualimpairment（损害）carrieswithitareducedorrestrictedabilitytotravelthroughone"sphysicalandsocialenvironmentuntiladequateorientationandmobilityskillshavebeenestablished.Becauseobservationalskillsaremorelimited,self-controlwithintheimmediat

2、esurroundingsislimited.Thevisualimpairedpersonislessabletoanticipatehazardoussituationsorobstaclestoavoid.Orientationreferstothementalmaponehasofone"ssurroundingsandtotherelationshipbetweenselfandthatenvironment.Thementalmapisthebestgeneratedbymovingthroughtheenvironmentandpiecingtogetherrelati

3、onships,objectbyobject,inanorganizedapproach.Withlittleofnovisualfeedbacktoreinforcethismentalmap,avisuallyimpairedpersonmustrelyonmemoryforkeylandmarksandothercluesLandmarksandcluesenablevisuallyimpairedpersontoaffirmtheirpositioninspace.Mobility,ontheotherhand,istheabilitytotravelsafelyandefficien

4、tlyfromonepointtoanotherwithinonesphysicalandsocialenvironment.Goodorientationskillsarenecessarytogoodmobilityskills.Oncevisuallyimpairedstudentslearntotravelsafelyaspedestrians（行人）theyalsoneedtolearntousepublictransportationtobeeasindependentaspossible.Tomeettheexpandingneedsanddemandsofthevisually

5、impairedperson,thereisasequenceofinstructionthatbeginsduringthepreschoolyearsandmaycontinueafterhighschool.Manyvisuallyimpairedchildrenlackadequateconceptsregardingtimeandspaceorobjectsandeventsintheirenvironment.Duringtheearlyyearsmuchattentionisfocusedonthedevelopmentofsomefundamentalconcepts,such

6、asinsideoroutside,infrontoforbehind,fastorslow,movementoftraffic,thevarietyofintersections,elevatorsorescalators,andsoforth.Theseconceptsareessentialtosafe,efficienttravelthroughfamiliarandunfamiliarsettings,firstwithinbuildings,theninresidentialneighborhoods,andfinallyinbusinessmunities.36 Whatisth

7、eauthormainlytalkingaboutinthepassage？AVisualimpairmentandmemory.BThevisuallyimpairedpersonsphysicalandsocialenvironment.CMentaldevelopmentofthevisuallyimpairedperson.DOrientationandmobilityofthevisuallyimpairedperson.37 Thevisuallyimpairedpersonspositioninspace.Aisnotdeterminedbymemorybutbyphysical

8、landmarksandcluesBislocatedinrelationtootheritemsinhismentalmapCenableshimtoconstructthementalmapDreinforcesthementalmapofhissurroundings38 Mobilityskillswhichthevisuallyimpairedpersonislearningrefertotheability.AtotravelasadependenttouristBtotravelasapedestrianwithapanyCtotravelasapedestrianandapas

9、sengerDtotravelwithinthesafephysicalandsocialenvironment39Inthepassage,theauthorinsiststhat.AvisuallyimpairedchildrengotoschoolforsurvivalBtheneedsanddemandsofvisuallyimpairedchildrenexpandDpreschoolchildrenreceivetheinstructionintheconceptsoftimeandspaceorobjectsandevents40Howcanweincreasethevisuallyimpairedpersonsabilitytotravelthroughhisphysicalandsocialenvironment?AByhelpinghimdevelopadequateorientationandmobilitys