定语从句revision课件

1、定语从句revision定语从句revision定语从句revision I have a friend. He is a businessman. I have a friend and he is a businessman. I have a friend who is a businessman.定语从句定语从句先行词先行词定语从句revision定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句1、功

2、能功能： 相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语2、种类：种类：定语从句revision 定语从句定语从句3、位置位置： 定语从句置于被修饰词之后定语从句置于被修饰词之后 Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.4、先行词先行词： 被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词 先行词一般是名词和不定代词。数词也可以作先行词一般是名词和不定代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。定语从句revision5、关系词关

3、系词： 引导定语从句的都称关系词引导定语从句的都称关系词 关系代词关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose。 关系副词：关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系偶尔也作关系副词。副词。6、确定关系词的步骤、确定关系词的步骤 （1）先找）先找_，看，看_指的是什么。指的是什么。 （2）看关系词在）看关系词在_中所充当的成分。中所充当的成分。先行词先行词先行词先行词从句从句注意事项注意事项:1. 从句的位置从句的位置:2. 构成：构成：3. 翻译方法翻译方法:先行词先行词 之后之后“.的的”关系词关系词关系代词关系代词 关系副词关系副词定语从句r

4、evision注意：注意： 关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。 There are many places that we can visit them in China. 先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。数由先行词而定。 This is the place which is worth visiting. There are some books which are worth reading.定语从句rev

5、ision1. A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is a machine and it can fly.A plane is a machine which can fly.2. The boy died in the war. She loved the boy.The boy died in the war and she loved him.The boy whom she loved died in the war. 关系代词关系代词定语从句revisionq普通代词与关系代词的区别普通代词与关系代词的区别I have

6、 a sister. She works in Shanghai. 代替 sisterI have a sister who /that works in Shanghai.q普通代词：只起代替的作用（如上例普通代词：只起代替的作用（如上例 she)q关系代词：（如上例关系代词：（如上例 who /that） 1. 除了代替先行词外除了代替先行词外2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分，它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分，3. 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。 （把主句和从句连起来）（把主句和从句连起来）定语从句revision1. Do you know the

7、man _ is talking with your mother?2. Mr. Smith is the pop star _ I want to see very much.3. The picture _ was about the accident was terrible.4. The book _ I gave you was worth $10.who / that(who / that /whom)which / that(which / that)1. 关系代词关系代词which / who /that /whom在从句中充当在从句中充当主语和宾语主语和宾语先行词 从句缺主语

8、 从句缺宾语人物which / thatwho / that(who / that /whom)(which / that)做做宾语宾语时可以省略时可以省略何时可以省略何时可以省略？定语从句revision值得注意的是，有些情况下不能用值得注意的是，有些情况下不能用that 代替代替 1、宜用宜用which而不用而不用that的情况的情况1）在）在非限制性非限制性定语从句中定语从句中2）在关系词）在关系词前有介词前有介词时时3）当先行词本身是）当先行词本身是that时时 2. 宜用宜用who而不用而不用that的情况的情况当先行词是当先行词是人称代词人称代词或是或是those ,anyone,

9、 he时，常用时，常用who.定语从句revision 3. 宜用宜用that的情况的情况（1）先行词被）先行词被形容词最高级形容词最高级 序数词序数词 或或the very, the only, the last修饰时。修饰时。 Jack is the tallest boy that take part in the sports meeting.（2）先行词为）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时或被等不定代词时或被all, any, little 等修饰时。等修饰时。 Everything that we s

10、aw in the factory greatly interested us.（3）先行词中既有人又有物时）先行词中既有人又有物时。 He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.（4）当主句中含有疑问词）当主句中含有疑问词which/ who时。时。 Which are the books that you bought for me ?定语从句revision We depend on the land from _ we get our food . The tree, _ is fo

11、ur hundred years old, is very famous here. The first English novel _ I read was A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens. All _ has to be done has been done. It is the very skirt _ suits me well. Li Hua is the most diligent student _ I have ever known. He _ does not reach the Great Wall is not a true

12、 man. Those _ were either fools or unfit for their offices could not see the cloth.whichwhichthatthatthatthatwhowho定语从句revision Do you know Mr. Smith whose story is very moving ? There is a room, whose window faces the river. There is a room, the window of which faces the river. whose作关系词作关系词在从句中作在从

13、句中作定语，定语，既指既指人人又指又指物。物。 whose + 名词名词 = the +名词名词+ of which/ whom1. I like those books _ topics are about history.2. The boy _ father works abroad is my desk-mate.whosewhose定语从句revision“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句1. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk with fr

14、equently.2. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently.3. This is the pen _ I often write with.4. This is the pen _ I often write.1. This is the house _ I lived in.2. This is the house _ I lived.某些在从句中充当时间、地点或原因状语的某些在从句中充当时间、地点或原因状语的“介词介词+关系词关系词” 的结构可以同的结

15、构可以同关系副词关系副词when /where /why 互换。互换。whichin which / wherewho /whom with whomwhich with which定语从句revision 关系副词关系副词when与与where、why、that when 指时间指时间 = in / at / on / during which where指地点指地点 = in / at / from / which why指原因指原因 = for which 关系副词关系副词如：如：1. There are occasions _ one must yield.2. Beijing is

16、the place _ I was born.3. Is this the reason _ he refused our offer.when / on whichwhere / in whichwhy / for which定语从句revision如何判断如何判断关系代词关系代词还是还是关系副词关系副词，取决于从句中的，取决于从句中的_1.This is the mountain village _ I visited last year. This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year.2. Ill never forget the d

17、ays _ I spent in the countryside. Ill never forget the days _ I worked together with you.3. Is this the reason _ he explained for his being late. Is this the reason _ he was late.whichin which /wherewhichduring which /whenwhichfor which /why谓语谓语 以及谓语与先行词的以及谓语与先行词的关系关系定语从句revision注：注：当先行词为当先行词为way /

18、time时，可用时，可用that作关系副词作关系副词。 I dont like the way that / in which he talks.2. This is the first time that I have given you a lesson in French.定语从句revision Mother always asked him to study hard and it helped him a lot. Mother always asked him to study hard , _ helped him a lot. 2. Recently he bought a

19、big house and its price is quite reasonable. Recently he bought a big house _ price is quite reasonable. 3. The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in. A. they B. it C. one D. which 4. Do you still remember the chicken farm _ we visited three months ago.whic

20、h whose B which 定语从句revision5. Have you seen the film Titanic, _ leading actor is world famous. Its B. its C. whose D. which 6. I have many friends, some of _ are teachers. 7. He still lives in the room _ is in the north of the city. He still lives in the room _ there is a beautiful table.A. He stil

21、l lives in the room _ window faces to the east.C whom which wherewhose 定语从句revision定语从句种类定语从句种类定语从句定语从句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句定语从句revision非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 The meeting will be put off till next Monday, when the manager wil

22、l be back. Yesterday I met Tom, who looked very tired. 非限制性定语从句只对主句或主句先行词起非限制性定语从句只对主句或主句先行词起补充说明补充说明作用。作用。如果去掉主句，意思依然完整，并有如果去掉主句，意思依然完整，并有逗号隔开逗号隔开。 试比较下面两个句子的差异：试比较下面两个句子的差异： Mr. Green has a daughter who likes music. Mr. Green has a daughter, who likes music.不只一个女儿不只一个女儿只有一个女儿只有一个女儿that注意注意 ：_ 不能引导

23、非限制性定语从句不能引导非限制性定语从句。定语从句revision 当非限制性定语从句的先行词不是主句中的某一个词，而是当非限制性定语从句的先行词不是主句中的某一个词，而是整个主句时，整个主句时， 可以用可以用which 或或as引导。引导。 Mother always asked him to study hard and it helped him a lot. Mother always asked him to study hard, _ helped him a lot. He didnt pass the exam, as we had expected. 区别区别：意义上：意义上

24、：as 含有含有“这点正如这点正如一样一样”, 常用以下常用以下结构：结构：as is known to all, as is said, as is supposed, as is reported等。等。 位置上：位置上：as 从句可置句首，句中，句末。从句可置句首，句中，句末。 There is lots of air in loose snow, which can keep the cold out. As is known, the earth is round, not flat.which定语从句revision另外，当先行词被另外，当先行词被such和和the same修饰，

25、或句型修饰，或句型as many（much）中，从句都用）中，从句都用as 引导。引导。 Such books as you bought are useful. The school is just the same as it was 10 years age. 注意：区别注意：区别 They are such lovely children that we love them much. such that 引导的结果状语从句。引导的结果状语从句。 I want to use the same tool that you used just now. the same that 引导定语

26、从句。引导定语从句。定语从句revision 4、必须注意的问题、必须注意的问题 1）关系词作主语时，从句中）关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数谓语的数。 I, who _ your teacher, will try my best to help you with your study. He is one of the students that _ (have) passed the exam. He is the only one of the students that _ (have) passed the exam.amhavehas定语从句revision2）注意区别）注意区别定

27、语从句定语从句与与强调句强调句。It was the hotel where/ in which we stayed last night. It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.定语从句定语从句强调句强调句1. It was eleven oclock _ they went out of the cinema.2. It was at eleven oclock _ they went out of the cinema. at which / whenthat定语从句revision 3）定语从句定语从句与与同位语从句同位语从句的区别

28、。的区别。 定语从句引导词被称为关系代词，定语从句引导词被称为关系代词，that充当主语、宾语、充当主语、宾语、表语。有时可省略。表语。有时可省略。 同位语从句引导词被叫做连词，同位语从句引导词被叫做连词，that不能充当任何成分不能充当任何成分，不可省不可省 Word came that their army was defeated.(同位语从句同位语从句) We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their. (定语从句定语从句) Galileo collected the facts _ proved the earth a

29、nd all the other planets move around the sun. Galileo collected the fact _ the earth and all the other planets move around the sun.which /that that定语从句revision1. Those _ respect others are usually respected by others.2. He is the only man _ I want to see.3. He still lives in the room _ windows faces

30、 east.5. I will never forget the day _ we met here.6. I cant imagine the reason _ he turned down my offer.7. He is not such a fool _ he looks.8. _is mentioned above, the number of primary school students is decreasing gradually.9. He has a son, _ has gone abroad for further study.thatwhowhenwhyasAsw

31、howhose定语从句revision 4）几个特殊的定语从句句型：）几个特殊的定语从句句型： Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday? Is this the place (that / which) we visited yesterday ? He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening. It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.定语从句revision 选择填空选择填空 1. The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that faraway