中考英语动词时态及习题课件

1、动词时态牵手中考试题同学们,动词时态是初中阶段非常重要的语法项目,时态的运用影响着我们平时的口语交流、书面表达及阅读理解。因此,中考试题也多与动词时态“牵手”,并且,题型多变,题量较大。如果对动词时态的判断、运用不能了如指掌,是难以在中考中取胜的。下面就动词时态的判断及运用结合中考试题进行讲练,以期同学们对动词时态有一个全面的了解(本文所选试题均为2002年各省市中考试题。一、动词时态的判断初中阶段要求掌握一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般过去时、一般将来时等五种时态。但从近几年各省市中考试题来看,对过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时也有考查,也同样重要。下面咱们来列表比较这八种时态。动

2、词时态意义标志词构成(陈述句举例验证一般现在时经常或习惯上做某件事或存在的状态。always, often, usually, sometimes every day (week, year., on Sundays.等;主语+动词We have breakfast at home every day .Sometimesshe has lunchatschool.现在进行时现在正发生的事或存在的状态。Look! listen! Now,at this moment. .主语+be(am,is,are +V-ingLook! She issleeping.We aretalking now.现

3、在完成时过去做的事对现在的影响或结果;过去发生的事一直持续到现在。just, already, yet, ever, never; since., for+时间段,.before.主语+have(has+过去分词We have alreadyfinished thework.She haskeptthe book fortwoweeks.一般过去时过去的动作或状态。yesterday, last week (year,month. .ago, in 1982.主语+动词过去式He had no time for breakfast yesterday.Wearrived at thevilli

4、age lastyear.过去进行时过去正在干的事或存在的状态。at this time yesterday, at 3:00 last night, at that moment主语+be(was/were +V-ingOur parents were watching TV at this time last night.She wasdoing herhomework whenherfather got homeyesterday.一般将来时以后要发生的事或存在的状态。tomorrow, next week(month,year. ,in the future, in two days.

5、 主语+be going to +动词原形(主语+will+动词原形They are going to visit the factory next week.Shewill go toZaozhuangtomorrow.过去将来时过去时间里要发生的事或存在的状态。常用在一般过去时的宾语从句中主语+was/were going to +动词原形或主语+would+动词原形She said she would kill the man sooner or later.过去完成时过去的过去by the end of last yearyear.主语+had+动词过去分词We had learnt

6、2300 words by the end of last term.时态区别疑难点1.一般现在时与现在进行时:一般现在时表示的动作的时间不受限制或不确定,现在进行时表示动作的短暂性或有限度的持续性。请比较:Father works 48 hours every week.(指长期性的工作Dont make a noise.Father is working.(指目前的工作I usually wear sport shoes.(经常性的动作Im not wearing sport shoes today.(暂时的情况瞬间动词用于进行时表示动作的重复,用于一般现在时表示动作的短暂性。如:The

7、boy is jumping with joy.那孩子高兴地跳着。Jack shoots for the goal.杰克射门。2.一般过去时与现在完成时:一般过去时不涉及对现在的影响,动作一般也不能延续。试比较:His sister was in the schoolfor eight years.(现在已不在学校His sister has been in the school for eight years.(现在仍在学校一般过去时的时间状语只指过去而不涉及现在,但现在完成时常与不确定的或包括现在在内的时间状语连用。如:The man was in prison in 1932.(具体的过

8、去时间He has been in prison since 1932.(从过去到现在有些时间状语this morning,for a year等,既可以用于一般过去时,又可用于现在完成时,但在意义上有差别。如:I ate two eggs this morning.(说话时是早晨以后I have eaten two eggs this morning.(说话时仍是早晨She learned English for 6years.(动作已成为过去She has learned English for 6years.(动作刚结束或还在继续上面的试题你做对了吗?二、时态的运用时态的运用一般要注意下

9、面几种情况:(一时态运用,前呼后应。一般是要求主从句前后呼应,原则是:主句是过去时,从句用过去的相应时态;主句是现在时或将来时,从句可根据句意确定时态。具体地说,应注意下面几个问题。1.注意as soon as,if引导的条件状语从句,若主句是将来时(也可为祈使句,从句一般用现在时。如:Ill write to you as soon as I get to Beijing.Please let me know if you have time.但if连接宾语从句时不受此限制。如:I want to know if he had breakfast.2.when,while引导的时间状语从句,

10、从句为过去时,主句常用过去进行时。如:When I arrived home,my mother was cooking.另外,while引导的状语从句也可以用进行时,表示动作同时进行。如:Tom was reading while Kate was writing last night.3.若宾语从句表示的是客观真理,其时态不受主句时态的限制。如:The teacher told me the earth goes around the sun.(二时态的特殊性e,go,arrive,leave,start等动词,在表示将来发生的动作时,常用进行时。如:Im coming at once.T

11、hey are leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.2.want,hope,think等动词用一般现在时表示将来。如:I want to go to Tonghua next week.3.used to只有过去时,表示“过去常”。如:He used to smoke.他过去常抽烟。4.第一人称的将来时还可用shall(should表达。如:Shall we go to the park?5.always也可用于进行时,表示厌烦、赞扬、惊讶等感情。如:He was always doing that.他老是那样做。6.在完成时中,要注意瞬间动词与延续动词的转换。如:Th

12、ey borrowed the book two weeks ago.They have kept the book for two weeks.及时贴buyhave,joinbe in/be a member,leavebe away,arrivebe here,begin be on,come backbe back,diebe dead,fall asleepbe asleep,get upbe up等。7.注意:there be.句型的时态变化:There is(are./There will be./There was(were.等。直击中考题1.I will let you kno

13、w about it as soon as _ the news.北京海淀区A.will getB.getsC.gotD.get2.Do you know if _ back next week?If he _ back,please let me know.A.he comes;will come黑龙江B.will he come;comesC.he will come;comesD.will he come;will come.3.We _ if it doesnt rain tomorrow.A.comeB.cameCwill come武汉市 4There _ a sports meeting in our school next week 南昌市 Awil