主语从句定义

1、主语从句定义：在句子中担当主语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫做主语从句。主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句， 通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。主语从句主要有三类：（1）由连词 that 引导的主语从句：引导词 that 无含义，在句中不做成分，不可以省。That you will win the medal seems unlikely.That you are so in differe nt bothers me.That she survived the accide nt is a miracle.（2）用连词 whether 引导的主语从句:wheth

2、er 有含义（是否） ,在句中不做成分，不可以省。Whethershe is coming or not doesn t matter too much.（3） 用连接代词引导的主语从句（在由连接代词 who, whose, whom, which, what,whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中，其连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分）.What you n eed is more practice.What I want to know is this.Whatever we do is to serve the people.

3、（4）用连接副词 when, where, why, howeg:Where we should leave it is a problem.When they will come hasn t been made pubic.ATTENTION1.it 做形式主语,而将主语从句放在句末 （尤其是当谓语较短时）例如： That light travels in straight linesis known to all.=It is known to all that light travels in straight lin es.Whe n the pla ne is to take of

4、f has not bee n announ ced .=It has not bee n announ ced whe n the pla ne is to take off.（当 what 引导的主语从句表示“的东西”时，一般不用 it 作形式主语。）What he wants is a book.他想要的是本书。Has it been settled who will be sent to carry out the task ?固定用法和译法（1） It is +名词+从句It is a fact that 事实是.It is good n ews that是好消息It is a qu

5、esti on that是个问题It is com mon kno wledge that 是常识类似的名词还有： a pity ; a wonder ； a good thing ； no wonder ； surprise 等。例如：It is a mystery to me how it all happened.It is com mon kno wledge that the whale is not a fish.It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game.（2） It is +形容词+从句It is n ecessary

6、 that有必要.It is clear that很清楚.It is likely that很可能.引导的名词性从句（其连接副词有含义，在句中作状It is importa nt that重要的是.类似的形容词还有：stra nge; n atural; obvious; true; good; won derful; possible; un likely; quite;unusual; certain; evident; worth-while; surprising; interesting; astonishing, etc.It is obvious that con ductors

7、 and in sulators are both importa nt in in dustry.It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.It was really ast onishing that he refused to talk to you .It is essential that he should be here by the weekend .It seems obvious that we can not go on like this.（3） It is +过去分词+从句It is said that 据说.It

8、 is reported that据报道.It has bee n proved that已证明.It must be proved that必须指出.类似的过去分词还有： known; estimated; expected; believed; thought; hoped;discussed; required; decided; suggested; dema nded; made clear; found out,etc.It is thought that he is the best player.It is estimated that the vase is 2000 yea

9、rs old.It is used to be thought that a new star must be due to a collision between two stars.It has not bee n made clear whe n the new road is to be ope ned to traffic.It does not matter if I missed my train, because there is another later.It happe ned that I saw him yesterday.当及物动词+宾语”较短时，也可用这种结构。I

10、t shocked me that Peter did not tell an ybody where he was.It does not in terest me whether you go or not.2.只用 whether 不用 if 引导主语从句.主语从句三要点请观察下列句子，注意划线部分句子的意义及用法。1. What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well.2. Who will go to the con cert is not known.3. That she w

11、as chose n made us very happy.4. Whether she will come or not is still a questi on.5. Which book they will choose is still unknown.6. Whe n we shall hold our sports meet is not decided.7. It s strange that he knows nothing about it.8. It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.9. It is said that

12、Preside nt Jingo will visit our school n ext week.小结归纳（一）语序主语从句使用陈述语序，其通常结构为 引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分”但当 连接代词同时充当从句主语时，其结构为 连接代词+谓语+其他成分”如句 1、2。（二）引导词no ted;1that 引导主语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，但通常不可以省略，如句3 ；2whether 引导主语从句时意为 是否”通常不能用 if 来代替,如句 4；3可以引导主语从句的连接代词主要有： who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whoever 等，如句

13、5 ；4可以引导主语从句的连接副词主要有：where, when, how, why 等，如句 6。（三）常见句型有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语，代替主语从句放在句首，而把主语从 句置于句末。常用句型如下：1It + be + 形容词 + that 从句， 如句 7;2It + be + 名词+ that 从句， 如句 8;3It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that 从句，如句 9。即学即用I.用适当的词填空，使句子意思完整。1. _ he didn t attend the meeting yesterday wasn t quite clear.2. The For

14、eig n Min ister said,“It is our hope_ the two sides will worktowards peace. ”3. _ team will win the match is still unknown.4. _ comes to the party will receive a prese nt.5. _ Mary has left is still a questi on.6. It s reported_three people were killed in the accident and five werehurt badly.7. _ he

15、 solved the problem successfully in terested all of us.8. We usually think_we can t get seems better than what we have.9. It is a fact_ En glish is being accepted as an intern ati on al la nguage.10. _ is to be sent there to solve the problem hasn t been decided.11. 下列各句中均有一处错误，请改正。1. That the old m

16、an sson wan ted to know was where the gold had bee n hidde n.2. It is reported whe n China has successfully sent Shen zhou VI spaceshipinto space.3. If he can finish his task on time is of great importanee.4. Whether the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing excited the wholen atio n.5. After Y

17、ang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, which our astronautsdesire to do is walk in space.6. Whatever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.7. Why they will solve the serious problem today has not bee n decided.8. When will win the English competition is still a problem.9. How our spr

18、i ng sports meet will be held or not this week is not known yet.10. It s strange when he should have gone away without telling us.主语从句学习指导寻规找矩请观察下列句子，注意主语从句的用法1. That the earth travels round the sun is a well-k nown fact.2. It is uncertain whether the artist can do it or not.3. Who will act the lead

19、 in the play has not bee n decided yet.4. Where the young man has gone is not known.5. It is not yet decided whe n and where the test will be give n.归纳总结1.引导主语从句的词有连词that, whether ;连接代词 who, whose, whom,whoever, what, which 等； 连接畐寸词 where, when, whenever, wherever, how, why 等。2.有时用 it 作形式主语，将主语从句后置。

20、常见错误展示下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析错误的原因。1. Light travels faster tha n sound is com mon kno wledge.2. If she s coming or not doesn t matter much.3. That the professor said is of great importa nee.4. Where will the trees be pla nted has not bee n decided.5. No matter who breaks the rule will be puni shed.6. When

21、 and where the meet ing will be held still rema in a questi on.7. What were your problems a year ago has now become mine.8. It was requested that every one made a speech at the meeti ng.高考链接从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1._ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.（浙江 2008）A. Anyone B. The

22、one C. Whoever D. Who2._ matters most in lear ning En glish is eno ugh practice.（2007全国卷 U ）A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which3._ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the culturaldifferences from one aspect.（上海 2002 春）A. What B. That C. This D. Which4._ we ll go camping tomorrow depends

23、 on the weather. （NMET 1996）A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where主语从句练习单项选择题1. _ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used.A. The estimateB. The estimateC. They are estimated D. It is estimated that2. _ was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality.A. That B. Which C. Who D. Wh

24、at3. _ we have achieved is attributed to the guida nee of our pare nts.A. Whoever B. Whatever C. However D. That4. _ you say now can t make up for what you veone.A. No matter B. Whatever C. However D. That5. Although_ happe ned in this developed country sounds like scie neeficti on, itcould occur el

25、sewhere in the world.A. which B. what C. how D. it6._ she had forgotte n to take her no tebook.A. That occurred to herB. She occurred thatC. To her that occurredD. It occurred to her that7.1 am sure that_she said is wrong.A. which B. all C. this D. what8. We lost our way in the forest, and_ made mat

26、ters worse was that itwasgett ing dark.A. that B. which C. it D. what9. _ occurred to him that he had forgotte n to lock the door whe n he lefthome.A. This B. It C. That D. These10.or not is still un certa in.B. If he is comingD. Whetherhe comingbe able to come.A. HesomingC. That coming11. It s heA.

27、 doubt whetherB. doubtfulC. doubt it D. doubtful whether12. It is_ that the bridge has existed for more tha n three cen turies .A. appeared B. rise nC. said D. born13._ he saw both surprised and frighte ned him.A. That B. When C. What D. Which14._ is a spell of warm sun shi ne.A. What do we all need

28、.B. What all we n eedC. What we needD. What we all need15._ is a pity that he should feel so upset.A. What B. That C. He D. It16._ a spo onful of soil can tell us so much about the structure andearly history of the moon.A. RemarkableB. Quite remarkablyC. It is remarkable that D. It is remarkable17._

29、 you nomin ate will be elected.A. Who B. Which C. WhomeverD. That s18._ book you borrow must be retur ned withi n a week.A. What B. Which C. Whichever D.That s19._ is troubling me is that I don t have much experienee inintern ati onal commerce.A. It B. That C. WhichD. What20._they wil go there to tr

30、y ano ther experime nt has not bee n decidedyet.A. WhetherB. If C. About whetherD. Why根据提示，完成句子。1.has nt been deelideiCk)谁将去接他还没有确定2. _rema ins unknown .(fi ni sh)我们是否能按时完成工作还不知道3. _is none of my bus in ess.(like)你喜不喜欢他都与我无关。4. _is being discussed.(abroad)他将何时出国正在讨论之中。5. _in lear ning En glish is en

31、o ughpractice.(matter)英语学习中最重要的是足够的练习。6t worried her a bit_ .(turn)她的头发正在变白让她有些担忧。7. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circli ng the earth,_our astr on auts walk in space. (desire) 杨利伟成功地环绕地球后，我们希望的是宇航员在太空漫步。8. _ should be pun ished.(break)任何违法的人都应该被惩罚。9. _we can lear n four foreig n Ian guages at the sametime.(seem)我们能同时学四门外语似乎不可能。10._was that more tha n 90% of the stude nts hadbee n admitted to the key uni versities.让这所学校感到自豪的是超过 90%的学生被重点大学录取了主语从句I 5DDBBB6 10DDDBDII15DCCDD16 20 CACDA1. Who will pick him up2. Whether we can finish the work on time3. Whether you li