实验十一 RIP Version 1路由协议

1、实验十一 RIP Version 1路由协议 实验1【实验名称】 RIP V1基本配置【实验目的】 掌握在路由器上配置RIP V1 。【背景描述】 假设校园网通过一台路由器连接到校园外的另一台路由器上，现要在路由器上做适当配置，实现校园网内部主机与校园网外部主机的相互通信。本实验以2台R2624路由器为例，路由器分别命名为Router1和Router2，路由器之间通过串口采用V35 DCE/DTE电缆连接，DCE端连接到Router1（R2624）上。PC1的IP地址和缺省网关分别为172.16.1.11和172.16.1.1，PC2的IP地址和缺省网关分别为172.16.3.22和172.1

2、6.3.2 ，网络掩码都是255.255.255.0 。【实现功能】 实现网络的互连互通，从而实现信息的共享和传递。【实验拓扑】 【实验设备】 R2624路由器(2台)、V35DCE（1根）、V35DTE（1根）【实验步骤】 第一步：在路由器Router1上配置接口的IP地址和串口上的时钟频率Router1(config)# interface fastethernet 0 ！进入接口F0的配置模式Router1(config-if)# ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 ！配置路由器接口F0的IP地址Router1(config-if)# no shutd

3、own ！开启路由器fastethernet0接口!Router1(config)# interface serial 0 ！进入接口S0配置模式Router1(config-if)# ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0 ！配置路由器接口S0的IP地址Router1(config-if)#clock rate 64000 ！配置Router1的时钟频率（DCE）Router1(config-if)# no shutdown ！开启路由器serial 0接口验证测试：验证路由器接口的配置和状态Router1#show ip interface brief In

4、terface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0 172.16.1.1 YES manual up upFastEthernet1 unassigned YES unset administratively down downFastEthernet2 unassigned YES unset administratively down downFastEthernet3 unassigned YES unset administratively down downSerial0 172.16.2.1 YES manual d

5、own downSerial1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down注：串口Serial0的链路层状态是down，这是因为对端接口还没有配置。第二步：在路由器Router1上配置RIP V1路由协议Router1(config)# router rip ！创建RIP路由进程Router1(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 ！定义关联网络（必须是直连的主类网络地址）验证测试：验证Router1上的RIP V1路由表Router1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S -

6、 static, R - RIP O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2Gateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0第三步：在路由器Router2上配置接口的IP地址Router2(conf

7、ig)# interface fastethernet 0 ！进入接口F0的配置模式Router2(config-if)# ip address 172.16.3.2 255.255.255.0 ！配置路由器接口F0的IP地址Router2(config-if)# no shutdown ！开启路由器fastethernet0接口!Router2(config)# interface serial 0 ！进入接口S0配置模式Router2(config-if)# ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0 ！配置路由器接口S0的IP地址Router2(config-

8、if)# no shutdown ！开启路由器serial 0接口验证测试：验证路由器接口的配置和状态Router2#show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0 172.16.3.2 YES manual up upFastEthernet1 unassigned YES unset administratively down downFastEthernet2 unassigned YES unset administratively down downFastEth

9、ernet3 unassigned YES unset administratively down downSerial0 172.16.2.2 YES manual up upSerial1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down第四步：在路由器Router2上配置RIP V1路由协议Router2(config)# router rip ！创建RIP路由进程Router2(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 ！定义关联网络（必须是直连的主类网络地址）验证测试：验证Router2和Router1上的RIP

10、 V1路由表Router2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2Gateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsR 172.16.1.0 120/1 via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:16,

11、Serial0 ！Router2通过RIP协议获得的路由C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0Router1#sh ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2Gateway of last resort is not set 17

12、2.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0R 172.16.3.0 120/1 via 172.16.2.2, 00:00:08, Serial0 ！Router1通过RIP协议获得的路由第五步：测试网络的连通性。C:ping 172.16.3.22 ！从PC1 ping PC2C:ping 172.16.1.11 ！从PC2 ping PC1【注意事项】l 在串口上配置时钟频率时，一

13、定要在电缆DCE端的路由器上配置，否则链路不通；l 定义关联网络时，命令network后面必须是与该路由器直连的主类网络地址。【参考配置】Router1#show running-config ! 显示路由器Router1的全部配置Building configuration. Current configuration: ! version 6.14(2) ! hostname Router1 ! enable secret 5 $1$CT43$gMntVy1ViUeKqRfmWanw/0 ! ip subnet-zero ! interface FastEthernet0 ip addre

14、ss 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface FastEthernet1 no ip address shutdown ! interface FastEthernet2 no ip address shutdown ! interface FastEthernet3 no ip address shutdown ! interface Serial0 ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0 clock rate 64000 ! interface Serial1 no ip address shutdown !voice-po

15、rt 0!voice-port 1!voice-port 2!voice-port 3router rip network 172.16.0.0!ip classless!line con 0line 1 8line aux 0line vty 0 4 password star login!endRouter2#show running-config ! 显示路由器Router2的全部配置Building configuration. Current configuration: ! hostname Red-Giant ! enable secret 5 $1$TK6E$V8xIZJ40a

16、N1LYoUd27U45/ ! ip subnet-zero ! interface FastEthernet0 ip address 172.16.3.2 255.255.255.0 ! interface FastEthernet1 no ip address shutdown ! interface FastEthernet2 no ip address shutdown ! interface FastEthernet3 no ip address shutdown!interface Serial0 ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0!interf

17、ace Serial1 no ip address shutdown!router rip network 172.16.0.0!ip classless!line con 0line aux 0line vty 0 4 password star login!end实验2【实验名称】 在不连续的子网中运行RIP V1【实验目的】 掌握在不连续的子网中配置RIP V1 。【背景描述】 假设校园网通过一台路由器连接到校园外的另一台路由器上，中间穿过的是另一个主网络192.168.1.0/24，而校园内网和外部网则是主网络172.16.0.0/16的两个子网，现要在路由器上做适当配置，实现校园网内

18、部主机与校园网外部主机的相互通信。 本实验以2台R2624路由器为例，路由器分别为Router1和Router2，路由器之间通过串口采用V35 DCE/DTE电缆连接，DCE端连接到Router1上 。PC1的IP地址和缺省网关分别为172.16.1.11和172.16.1.1，PC2的IP地址和缺省网关分别为172.16.3.22和172.16.3.2 ，网络掩码都是255.255.255.0 。【实现功能】 实现不连续子网的互连互通，从而实现信息的共享和传递。【实验拓扑】 【实验设备】 R2624路由器(2台)、V35DCE（1根）、V35DTE（1根）【实验步骤】 第一步：在路由器Rou

19、ter1上配置接口的IP地址和串口上的时钟频率Router1(config)# interface fastethernet 0 ！进入接口F0的配置模式Router1(config-if)# ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 ！配置路由器接口F0的IP地址Router1(config-if)# no shutdown ！开启路由器fastethernet0接口!Router1(config)# interface serial 0 ！进入接口S0配置模式Router1(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.

20、255.0 ！配置路由器接口S0的IP地址Router1(config-if)#clock rate 64000 ！配置Router1的时钟频率（DCE）Router1(config-if)# no shutdown ！开启路由器serial 0接口验证测试：验证路由器接口的配置Router1#show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0 172.16.1.1 YES manual up upFastEthernet1 unassigned YES unset admin

21、istratively down downFastEthernet2 unassigned YES unset administratively down downFastEthernet3 unassigned YES unset administratively down downSerial0 192.168.1.1 YES manual down downSerial1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down第二步：在路由器Router1上配置RIP V1路由协议Router1(config)# router rip ！创建RIP

22、路由进程Router1(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 ！定义关联网络172.16.0.0Router1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 ！定义关联网络192.168.1.0验证测试：验证Router1上的RIP V1路由协议配置Router1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2Ga

23、teway of last resort is not setC 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0第三步：在路由器Router2上配置接口的IP地址和串口上的时钟频率Router2(config)# interface fastethernet 0 ！进入接口F0的配置模式Router2(config-if)# ip address 172.16.3.2 255.2

24、55.255.0 ！配置路由器接口F0的IP地址Router2(config-if)# no shutdown ！开启路由器fastethernet0接口!Router2(config)# interface serial 0 ！进入接口S0配置模式Router2(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 ！配置路由器接口S0的IP地址Router2(config-if)# no shutdown ！开启路由器serial 0接口验证测试：验证路由器接口的配置Router2#show ip interface brief Interfac

25、e IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0 172.16.3.2 YES manual up upFastEthernet1 unassigned YES unset administratively down downFastEthernet2 unassigned YES unset administratively down downFastEthernet3 unassigned YES unset administratively down downSerial0 192.168.1.2 YES manual up upS

26、erial1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down第四步：在路由器Router2上配置RIP V1路由协议Router2(config)# router rip ！创建RIP路由进程Router2(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 ！定义关联网络（必须是直连的主类网络地址）Router2(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0验证测试：验证Router2上的RIP V1路由信息Router2#show ip route ！查看Router2的路由表，结果显示没有到子网172

27、.16.1.0的路由Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2Gateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, FastEtherne

28、t0Router2#debug ip rip ！查看Router2的路由更新信息，结果显示没有收到子网172.16.1.0的信息RIP protocol debugging is onRIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via FastEthernet0 (172.16.3.2) network 192.168.1.0, metric 1RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via Serial0 (192.168.1.2) network 172.16.0.0, metric 5RIP: recei

29、ved v1 update from 192.168.1.1 on Serial0 172.16.0.0 in 5 hopsRIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via FastEthernet0 (172.16.3.2) network 192.168.1.0, metric 1RIP: sending v1 update to 255.255.255.255 via Serial0 (192.168.1.2) network 172.16.0.0, metric 5RIP: received v1 update from 192.168.1.1

30、 on Serial0 172.16.0.0 in 5 hopsRouter2#undebug all ! 关闭调试功能第五步：测试网络的连通性C:ping 172.16.3.22 ！从PC1 ping PC2，结果显示目的不可达（unreachable）第六步：分别在Router1 和Router2上增加如下配置Router1(config)# interface serial 0 Router1(config-if)# ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0 secondary ！配置路由器接口S0的辅助IP地址Router2(config)# interf

31、ace serial 0 Router2(config-if)# ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0 secondary ！配置路由器接口S0的辅助IP地址验证测试：验证Router2和Router1上的RIP V1路由表Router2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external

32、 type 2Gateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsR 172.16.1.0 120/1 via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:16, Serial0 ！Router2通过RIP协议获得的路由C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0C 192.168.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0Router1#sh ip

33、 routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2Gateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0 C 192

34、.168.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0R 172.16.3.0 120/1 via 172.16.2.2, 00:00:08, Serial0 ！Router1通过RIP协议获得的路由第七步：测试网络的连通性。C:ping 172.16.3.22 ！从PC1 ping PC2C:ping 172.16.1.11 ！从PC2 ping PC1结果显示网络是连通的【注意事项】l RIP V1是有类路由协议，在穿过主网络边界时进行自动汇总，它本身不支持不连续子网间的路由信息的传递，解决办法有多种，这里采取增加secondary地址以构成连续网络。当然也可以采用静态路由或无类路由协议并关闭自动汇总功能（如采用RIP V2或OSPF路由协议）；l 在网络规划时应尽量避免采用不连续子网。【参考配置】Router1#show running-config ! 显示路由器Router1的全部配置Building configuration. Current configuration: ! version 6.14(2) !hostname Router1 ! enable secret 5 $1$CT43$gMnt