虚拟语气用法总结)ppt课件

1、虚虚 拟拟 语语 气气1概念：概念：虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是现实，而是一种愿望、假设、或推测。虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是现实，而是一种愿望、假设、或推测。2一、虚拟语气在一、虚拟语气在 if非真实条件句中非真实条件句中虚拟条件从句虚拟条件从句(If)主主 句句与现在事实相反的假设与现在事实相反的假设与过去事实相反的假设与过去事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设 过去式过去式 be -wereshould / would/could / might + dohad doneshould / would/ could / might + have done过去式过去式b

2、e-wereshould dowere to doshould / would/could / might + do3If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam. 过去虚拟过去虚拟1.1.假设我是他，我会接受他的建议如今虚拟假设我是他，我会接受他的建议如今虚拟2.2.假设明天下雨，我会待在家里。未来虚拟假设明天下雨，我会待在家里。未来虚拟3.3.假设他以前好好学习，假设他以前好好学习， 他会经过考试的。他会经过考试的。If I were you, I would accept his advice.If it r

3、ainedshould rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.4You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired.drove; didnt getdrove; wouldnt getwere driving; wouldnt gethad driven; wouldnt have got51. if从句中，从句中， 省略省略if，were，had，should可以放在句首，用于倒装构造，否认词可以放在句首，用于倒装构造，否认词not不能放不能放在前面。在前面。1.If I

4、were you, I would accept his advice.2.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.3.If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.Had you studied hard before,Were I you,Should it rain tomorrow,.6_ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge.Were B

5、. Should C.Would D. Will If it should rain tomorrow (省略if，用部分倒装72.错综时间虚拟语气错综时间虚拟语气当从句与主句时间不一致时，动词的方式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。当从句与主句时间不一致时，动词的方式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。If you _(follow)my advice just now, you _(be)better now.If you _(study)hard before, you _(be)a college student now.had followedwould behad studied

6、would be8If you _ with George earlier, you _ so angry now.talked; would not behad talked; would not bewould talk; would not behad talked; would not have been9If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river _ so seriously now.is not pollutedwould not be pollutedhad not been pollutedwo

7、uld not have been polluted103 3、含蓄虚拟语气、含蓄虚拟语气在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现ifif引导的条件句，而经过其它手段来替代条件句。引导的条件句，而经过其它手段来替代条件句。常用的有常用的有otherwise otherwise ，or or ，withoutwithout，but forbut for倘没有，要不是等。倘没有，要不是等。1.I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.=If I hadnt been ill

8、that day, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.112.He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.3.Without / But for your help, we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.=If it had not been for your help, 12Without electricity, human being life _

9、quite different today.iswill bewould have beenwould be13But for his help, I _.should not have succeededhave not succeededdid not succeedhad not succeeded14He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _ a goal.had scoredscoredwould scorewould have scored15It is strange that_.他通畅会这样

10、说，真是奇异。他通畅会这样说，真是奇异。 It is necessary that_. 有必要派他去北京。有必要派他去北京。 二、虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用二、虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用1，Its necessary/strange/natural/important/ impossible that 主语主语+(should)+动词原形动词原形he ( should ) say sohe be sent to Beijing162.It is a pity /a shame/ a surprise/no wonder that 主语+(should)+V原形It is a great pit

11、y that_. 他通畅会这样想，真是一件憾事。他通畅会这样想，真是一件憾事。he ( should ) think so173.It is/was suggested /ordered / demanded / proposed / 1234+that +主语主语+(should)+V原形原形Its suggested that the plan should be carried out.It is suggested that_. 有人建议，晚会周六举行。有人建议，晚会周六举行。 the party shouldbeheld on Saturday 一个坚持 insisted 两道命令两

12、道命令 ordered, commanded 三条建议三条建议 advised, suggested, proposed四点要求四点要求 demanded, required, requested, desired18It is required that you _ at six. will arrive B. arrive C. arrived D. would arrive2.It is strange that the lazy boy _ pass the exam. A. has B. should C. would D. might 193. It is necessary th

13、at our drinking water _ cleaner. A. should be made B. is made C. would be made D. was made20三三.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用1.在在wish 引导的宾语从句中引导的宾语从句中与现在事实相反与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 与将来与将来 事实相反事实相反 过去时过去时were过去完成时、过去完成时、 had+donecould have done Should/would/could/might+动词原形动词原形I wish (that)he_(visit) us t

14、omorrow.I wish (that) he_(visit)us today.I wish he_(visit) us yesterday. would visitvisitedhad visited21I wish I _ the meeting last week. A. could attend B. attended C. have attended D. had attended222.在表示坚持，要求在表示坚持，要求,命令命令,建议的宾语从句中建议的宾语从句中一个坚持一个坚持 _ 两个命令两个命令 _ 三个建议三个建议 _ 四个要求四个要求 _ +that 主语主语+ shou

15、ld + V原形原形The doctor suggested that he (should) try tryto lose his weight.He insisted that we (should) tell tellhim the news. insist order, command advise, suggest, propose demand, require, request, desire 23留意：留意：suggest:阐明，暗示阐明，暗示 陈说语气陈说语气 建议建议 虚拟语气虚拟语气Her pale face suggested that she _be)ill .Her

16、 friends suggested that she _(send) to hospital immediately.Insist：坚持说，：坚持说， 陈说语气陈说语气 坚持要求坚持要求 虚拟语气虚拟语气He insisted that he _(not steal) the money .He insisted that he _ (set) free.was(should) be senthadnt stolen(should) be set243.在在 would rather宁愿宁愿 would prefer would sooner +宾语从句中宾语从句中 had rather w

17、ould as soon与如今或未来现实相反与如今或未来现实相反 过去时过去时 动词过去式动词过去式/were与过去现实相反与过去现实相反 过去完成时过去完成时 had doneI would rather you _(come) here now.I would rather you _(come) here tomorrow.I would rather you _ (not tell)me the truth yesterday.camehadnt toldcame25四、虚拟语气的其他用法四、虚拟语气的其他用法1. as if / as though好似好似+从句从句(与与wish一样

18、一样) if only(要是要是就好了就好了If only I _ (be)a birdIf only you _ listen)to our advice!If only I _ bea superstar some day.He looks as if he _an artist.He talked about the accident as if he _it.werehad listenedwould bewerehad seen262.It is (high / about) time+ (that)从句从句 动词过去式动词过去式 should不可省略不可省略 + do该是某人做某事

19、的时候了。该是某人做某事的时候了。It is high time that you got up/should get up.27Im getting tired; its time we _ home. A. go B. are going C. went D. should be going283、在、在for fear that, in case, lest引导的从句中，假设用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为：引导的从句中，假设用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为：should + do。并且。并且should能省略能省略for fear that，lest，in case不能省略不能省略She examined the door again for fear that a thief _ (come) in. 她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。 He started out earlier lest he _ (be) late. 他早早的就出发了以防迟到。他早早的就出发了以防迟到。(should) come(should) be294、在、在so that / in order that 所引