2010-2014介词和介词短语

1、介词和介词短语1. (2010·江苏卷·T29)So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is _ ideal. We have to work still harder.A. next to B. far from C. out of D. due to 2. (2010·重庆卷·T22)The dictionary is what I want, but I dont have enough money _me.A. by B. for C. in D. with3

2、. (2010·浙江卷·T7) I guess weve already talked about this before but Ill ask you again just _.A. by nature B. in return C. in case D. by chance4. (2010·四川卷·T5) Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back _ a big tree.A. in B. below C. beside D. against 5. (2010·上海卷·T 25) Sean

3、 has formed the habit of jogging _ the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.A. between B. along C. below D. with6. (2010 ·天津卷·T13) My father warned me       going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.A. by B. on C. for D. against7. (2010·

4、;辽宁卷·T31)I agree to his suggestion_ the condition that he drops all charges.A. by B. in C. on D. to8. (2010·江西卷·T 34) Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients _ name, not case number.A. of B. as C. by D. with9.(2010·江西卷·T29) We give dogs time ,space and love we can spare, a

5、nd _, dogs give us their all.A. in all B. in fact C. in short D. in return10 (2010·湖北卷·T30) It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money _ favors to them.A. in preference to B. in place of C. in agreement with D. in exchange for 11. (2010·北京卷·T 29) Would y

6、ou mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are_ everyones enjoyment.A. in B. at C. for D. to12. (2010·福建卷·T27) More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities _ space.A. in search of B. in place of C. for lack ofD. for fear of【答案解析】1.【解析】选B。考查固定短语意义的辨析。句意：到目前为止，我们已

7、经做了很多工作来打造低碳经济，但是还远不理想。我们还必须更加努力工作。next to意为“几乎，差不多；紧邻着”，与句意相反；far from意为“远非；远离”，后面常常接名词或者形容词；out of意为“从里；出于”；due to意为“由于”，后面常常接名词，可以作表语或者原因状语，相当于because of。根据句意选择B项。2. 【解析】选D。考查介词。句意：这本词典是我想要的东西,但我身上没带那么多钱。with表示(随身,随同,携带等)在身边，在身上，随身带着；in 在里, 在期间；for 为了, 向；by靠近,通过,在旁边。根据句意选D。3. 【解析】选C。考查介词短语作状语的用法。

8、句意：我猜我们之前已经谈论过这个问题，但是我想再问你一遍以免(失误)。in case 以免，以防；by nature 天生的；in return作为回报，作为回应；by chance偶然的。4. 【解析】选D。考查介词辨析。句意：吉姆累了，背靠着树睡着了。against在句中意思是“倚着，靠着”，与语境相符。in“在里面”；below“在下方”；beside“在旁边”；均与语境不符。5. 【解析】选B。考查介词。句意：Sean已经养成了每天沿着两旁绿树成行的林荫道慢跑两小时的习惯。along“沿着，顺着”，符合题干意思。between在中间；below在下面；with和在一起，均不符合句意。6

9、. 【解析】选D。考查介词。句意：因为西海岸挤满了游客，所以我父亲提醒我不要去西海岸。warn sb. against doing sth. 警告或提醒某人不要做某事。所以选D。7. 【解析】选C。考查介词用法。句意：我同意他的建议，条件是他放弃所有指控。介词on 和the condition that一起相当于一个连词，引导条件状语从句，意思是“条件是，以为条件”。8.【解析】选C。考查介词词组搭配。 句意：当今一些医院以实名制记录病人而不是病历号。by name 用名字。9.【解析】选D。考查介词词组辨析。句意：我们给狗我们所能够抽出的时间、空间和爱，作为回报，狗给予我们他们的一切。in

10、all 总共；in fact 事实上；in short 简言之；in return 作为回报。10.【解析】选D。考查介词短语意义辨析。句意：公务员用自己对他人的格外关照作交换而向他人索要钱物的行为是非法的。in exchange for 用作交换，换取；符合题意，因此选择D。in preference to 优先于；in place of 代替；in agreement with 与一致，均不合题意。11.【解析】选C。考查介词。句意：不要摘花园里的花好吗？它们是供大家欣赏的。for表目的。in表地点、方向或范围等；at表地点、时间、方向、目标、价格、速度、原因等；to表方向、地点、时间、比

11、率等。12. 【解析】选C。考查介词短语。句意：因缺乏空间，在大城市里越来越多的高层建筑被建造起来。for lack of “因缺乏”，与语境相符。in search of “寻找”；in place of “取代”；for fear of “唯恐”，均与语境不符。介词和介词短语1.（2011四川卷T8）Nick, its good for you to read some books _China before you start your trip there.A. in B. for C. of D. on【解析】选D。考查介词。句意为:尼克，去中国旅游之前读点关于中国的书是有好处的。介

12、词on 表示“关于；论及”之意。介词in, for, of 皆无此意，故选D。2.（2011全国卷I T30）The form cannot be signed by anyone _ yourselfArather than Bother than Cmore than Dbetter than【解析】选B。考查介词短语。句意：这个表格除了你自己外其他人都不能签名。rather than“不是”；other than“除了”；more than“多于，不仅仅”；better than“胜过”。3.（2011山东卷T30） Im sorry I didnt phone you, but Ive

13、 been very busy _ the past couple of weeks. A. beyondB. with C. amongD. over【解析】选D。考查介词用法。句意为：很抱歉没有给你打电话，在过去的几周里我一直很忙。over在句中为介词，意为“在期间”，与句意相符；beyond 超过，超越；with带有，具有；among 在中间，在之中。4.（2011浙江卷T5）I always wanted to do the job which Id been trained _.A. on B. for C. by D. of 【解析】选B。考查介词。句意：我一直想做我曾经受过培训的

14、工作。“be trained for.”，表示“为了接受培训”，所以只有B项正确。5.（2011天津卷T11）He was a good student and scored _ average in most subjects.A. below B. of C. on D. above【解析】 选D。考查介词。句意为：他是一个好学生，在大部分科目上得分都高出平均分。below average“低于平均分”；on average“平均”；above average“高于平均分”。根据句意选D。6.（2011上海卷 T25）Graduation is a good time to thank t

15、hose who have helped you _ the tough years.A. throughB. up C. withD. from【解析】选A。考查介词用法。句意为：毕业是感谢曾经帮助你度过艰难岁月的人的好时刻。help sb. through sth.帮助某人度过某段时期（尤指艰难的时期）；help sb. up把某人扶起来；help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事；from来自，自以来。由句意和这几个介词的意义可知选A。7.（2011江苏卷 T32）Wed better discuss everything _ before we work out the pla

16、n.A. in detail B. in general C. on purpose D. on time【解析】选A。考查介词短语辨析，句意为：我们最好在制订计划之前详细地讨论一切事情。in detail详细地；in general一般来说，大体上；on purpose故意地；on time按时。8.（2011全国卷II T14） This shop will be closed for repairs _ further notice.A. with B. until C. for D. at【解析】选B。考查介词。句意为：这家商店因装修将关闭直到进一步通知。在此until是介词，表示“到

17、为止，在以前”。A项with表示“和一起”；C项for表示“为了”；D项at表示“在”。根据句意选择B项。9.（2011重庆卷 T24）Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read _ the library.A. in B. for C. by D. from【解析】 选D。考查介词。句意为：雪莉，一个十足的读书爱好者，经常从图书馆借很多书回家看。表示“从某处”用介词from。故选D。10.（2011安徽卷T25）Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek _ f

18、ood safety problems.A. in B. to C. on D. after【解析】选B。考查介词。句意为：有时不难找到解决食品安全问题的适宜的办法。本题考查名词后的介词的固定搭配。此句中主语为answers，意为“解决办法”，作此意时后跟介词to或towards，故选B项。11.（2011福建卷 T22）_ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.A. Far from B. Apart from C. Instead of D. Regardless o

19、f【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意为：除了好的服务，这家饭店还提供各种各样的传统的福建菜。far from远非，远不如；apart from除了；instead of代替，而不是；regardless of不管，不顾。根据句意选B。12.（2011北京卷 T35）With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken _ color.A. by B. for C. with D. in【解析】选D。考查介词的用法。句意为：用新的科技，水底的海床山谷能被拍下彩色照片。by多用于无形的工具或方式手段之前，如by hand

20、等；with用于有形的工具或身体某些器官之前，其后的名词多被冠词、物主代词等修饰，如：with a spade, with our eyes等；in表示使用语言、原料、材料等，如in English。故D项为正确答案。四、 介词1.(2012·湖北卷·T25)The furniture,with its modern style and bright colors,suits modern houses and their gardens,but looksin the garden of a traditional home.A.out of question B.out

21、 of order C.out of sight D.out of place【解析】选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意为:有着现代风格的色彩鲜艳的家居适合现代的房屋和花园,但是放在传统风格的花园里看起来就格格不入。out of question不成问题,无疑的;out of order出故障,秩序混乱;out of sight看不见,在视野之外;out of place不得其所的,不适当的,格格不入的。信息词but告诉我们正确选项应该表示“不合适的,格格不入的”。【方法技巧】out of短语小结以out of开头的短语很多,有必要进行归纳积累。大家熟悉的短语包括:out of breath 上气不

22、接下气;out of balance 失去平衡;out of date 过时; out of patience 不耐烦;out of control 失去控制;out of question不成问题,无疑的;out of order出故障,秩序混乱;out of sight看不见,在视野之外;out of place不得其所的,不适当的,格格不入的;out of style过时,不时髦;out of work 失业;out of touch 失去联系。2.(2012·安徽卷·T25)You can change your job, you can move house,bu

23、t friendship is meant to be life. A.ofB.onC.toD. for【解析】选D。考查介词。句意为:你可以改变工作,你也可以搬家,但是友谊是终生不变的。of life 意为“对于生命”;on life意为“有关生命”; to life 意为“给生命”;for life=for the rest of ones life,意为“终生的”。3.(2012·福建卷·T26)China has been pushing the reform of public hospitalsall its citizens.A.in charge of B.

24、for the purpose of C.in honor of D.for the benefit of【解析】选D。考查介词短语。句意为:为了惠及全民,中国一直在推动公共医疗改革。in charge of负责,管理;for the purpose of为了的目的;in honor of纪念; for the benefit of为了的好处。故选D。4.(2012·福建卷·T33)Nothing is so easy asparents to raise their expectations of their children too high.A.ofB.toC.byD

25、.for【解析】选D。考查介词。句意为:对家长来说,没有什么比提高对孩子的期望值更容易的事情了。for对来说,后跟“对象”。5.(2012·全国卷·T16)100 is the temperaturewhich water will boil.A.forB.atC.onD.of【解析】选B。考查介词。句意:100摄氏度是水沸腾的温度。该空后面是由which引导的定语从句。此时,介词的判断原则是看介词与先行词之间的关系。把句子分解开来可以得到100 is the temperature and at this temperature water will boil.故选B。6

26、.(2012·北京卷·34)Do you think this shirt is too tight the shoulders ?A.at B.on C.to D.across【解析】选D。考查介词。句意为:你觉得这件衬衫在肩膀这个地方是不是太紧了?at在地方;on在上面;to表地点时,指不接触;across横跨,指从肩膀的一端到另一端。7. (2012·陕西卷·T11)An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members areit.A.ag

27、ainst B.for C.to D.with【解析】选A。考查介词。句意为:好像是不可能达成协议了,因为大多数委员们反对。A项 against“反对”;B项for“支持”;C项to“向、朝、往、到、在”;D项with“和(其他人或物)在一起、跟、同、和、(时间)随着、有;穿戴”。结合语境知A项符合题意。8.(2012·辽宁卷·27)The Well Hotel stands in a quiet placethe main road at the far end of the lake.A.toB.forC.offD.out【解析】选C。考查介词的用法。句意为:Well

28、饭店坐落于湖尽头的大路附近一个非常安静的地方。A项“对于”;B项“为了”; C项“离开,偏离”符合题意;D项“在外面”。9.(2012·浙江卷·T6)all the animals Ive ever had,these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word.A.FromB.OfC.For D.With【解析】选B。考查介词。句意为:在我养过的所有动物中,这两只狗对口头语言最敏感。from来自;of属于,由组成;for因为;with和一起,随着,用,因为。10.(2012·浙江卷·T14) B

29、rown said he was by no means annoyed;, he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.A.all in all B.for one thing C.on the contrary D.by the way【解析】选C。考查固定短语辨析。句意为:布朗说他绝不生气;相反,他很高兴能使别人清楚地了解他自己。all in all总而言之;for one thing一则;on the contrary正相反,相反地;by the way顺便说,顺便提。11.(2012·江苏卷·

30、T29)Thank God,youre safe! I stepped back, justto avoid the racing car.A.in time B.in case C.in need D.in vain【解析】选A。考查介词短语。句意为:谢天谢地,你安然无恙!我退回去了,恰好及时避开了飞驰的汽车。A项表示“及时”;B项表示“以防万一”;C项表示“需要”;D项表示“徒劳地”。介词1.(2013·安徽卷·T31)If parents have children help with housework, the children will feel needed.

31、, they will learn to take care of themselves.A. On the contrary B. In a wordC. That is to say D. Whats more【解析】选D。考查短语辨析。句意:如果父母让孩子帮助做家务,孩子们会感觉自己被需要。而且他们还能学会照顾自己。whats more而且;on the contrary与此相反;in a word总之;that is to say那就是说。根据句意前后表示递进关系可知选D。2.(2013·新课标全国卷·T11) (2013·大纲版全国卷·T31)

32、A serious study of physics is impossible_some knowledge of mathematics.A.againstB.beforeC.beyondD.without【解析】选D。考查介词。句意:如果没有一些数学知识,对物理进行严谨地研究是不可能的。against反对,倚靠,映衬,预防,相比;before在之前,才;beyond超出,在那一边;without(如果)没有。由此可知选D。3.(2013·山东卷·T34)The Smiths are praisedthe way they bring up their children

33、.A.from B.by C.atD.for【解析】选D。考查介词。句意:史密斯一家由于抚养孩子的方式而受到表扬。be praised by.受到的表扬;be praised for.由于受到表扬。结合语境,所以选D。4.(2013·浙江卷·T14)It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner., Ill set the table.A.As a result B.On the wholeC.In the meanwhile D.As a matter of fact

34、【解析】选C。考查介词短语的用法。句意:如果你去商店购买我们晚餐需要的东西就算帮了大忙;同时,我会收拾好餐桌。as a result结果;on the whole总体来说;in the meanwhile与此同时;as a matter of fact事实上。故选C。5.(2013·辽宁卷·T25)everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.A.By means of B.On behalf ofC.In search of D.For fear of【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意

35、:我代表这里所有的人祝你回国旅途愉快。A项“通过方法”;B项“代表”;C项“寻找”;D项“唯恐,害怕”。6.(2013·福建卷·T29)Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess,as her children are always whenever she tries to.A.in the wayB.on watchC.in sightD.on the line【解析】选A。考查介词短语辨析。句意:史密斯夫人发现很难把房间整理干净,因为无论何时她想试着整理时,孩子们总是妨碍她。in the way挡道,妨碍;on watch

36、值班,监视;in sight看得见;on the line处于风险状态。7.(2013·北京卷·T26)I have an appointmentDr.Smith,but I need to change it.A. toB. offC. withD. from【解析】选C。考查介词用法。句意:我和史密斯医生有个预约,但我需要变更一下。have an appointment with sb.和某人有约。8.(2013·湖北卷·T30)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southe

37、rn island discovereda long lost antique Greek vase.A.at randomB.by chance C.in turn D.on occasion【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意:最近一个坐船到南方岛屿去旅行的艺术家偶然发现了一个丢失很久的古希腊花瓶。A项“任意地,随便地”;B项“偶然地”;C项“依次,反过来”;D项“有时,偶尔”。根据句意可知选B项。9.(2013·江苏卷·T26)I am always delighted when I receive an e-mail from you.the party on Ju

38、ly 1st,I shall be pleased to attend.A.On account ofB.In response toC.In view ofD.With regard to【解析】选D。考查介词短语。句意:每当我收到你的邮件时我总是非常开心。关于7月1日举行的聚会,我很乐意参加。A项“因为,由于”;B项“作为对的回应”;C项“鉴于,由于”;D项“关于,至于”,等于in regard to。10.(2013·新课标全国卷·T34)It was a real racetime to get the project done. Luckily, we made

39、it.A.overB.byC.forD.against【解析】选D。考查介词。句意:为了完成这项任务,我们真是分秒必争。值得庆幸的是,我们完成了。a race against time表示“与时间赛跑”,是固定搭配。11.(2013·陕西卷·T24)The manager wants to see changes in the company, and I am sure he will.A.in particular B.in turn C.in chargeD.in time【解析】选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意:经理想看看公司的变化,我相信他迟早会看到的。in part

40、icular尤其,特别;in turn依次,轮流;in charge负责,掌管;in time及时,迟早,最终。根据句意,应选D。介词和介词短语1. (2014·重庆卷·7)She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost wentthe road.A. onB. alongC. fromD. off【解析】选D。考查介词。句意:在拐弯处她开得太快,车差一点从路上冲出去。off偏离,从离开,符合语境。2. (2014·福建卷·22)Our club is open to everyoneage,sex o

41、r educational background.A. due toB. except forC. along withD. regardless of【解析】选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意:我们的俱乐部对每一个人开放,不管年龄、性别或教育背景。regardless of不管,不顾;due to由于;except for除了;along with和。3. (2014·湖北卷·30)Check carrots,potatoes,onions and any other vegetablesand immediately use or throw away any which s

42、how signs of rotting.A.in demandB.in storeC.on loan D.on sale【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意:检查储藏着的胡萝卜、土豆、洋葱和其他蔬菜,然后立即使用或者扔掉有腐烂迹象的蔬菜。in store“储藏”,符合句意。in demand“有需求”;on sale“出售”;on loan“借用”。4. (2014·浙江卷·10)While staying in the village,James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without

43、asking for anything.A.in returnB.in commonC.in turnD.in place【解析】选A。考查短语辨析。句意:当待在村庄里的时候,詹姆斯无私地和村民们分享他拥有的任何东西,不求任何回报。in return作为回报,符合句意。in common有共同之处;in turn反过来,依次;in place在适当的位置。5. (2014·浙江卷·12)Facing up to your problemsrunning away from them is the best approach to working things out.A.m

44、ore thanB.rather thanC.along withD.or rather【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意:面对你的问题而不逃避是解决问题的最好方法。more than“超过;非常,比多”;rather than而不是,而非;along with也,和;or rather更精确地说,倒不如说。根据句意可知,B项正确。6. (2014·浙江卷·17)People wont pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own cryingexpression.A.fromB.o

45、verC.withD.for【解析】选D。考查介词用法。句意:当人们还有很多想法渴望表达时,他们是不会听你的。cry for急需,要求,固定短语,符合句意。7. (2014·浙江卷·18)Theres no reason to be disappointed.,this could be rather amusing.A.Above allB.As a resultC.In additionD.As a matter of fact【解析】选D。考查短语辨析。句意:没什么理由要失望。实际上这非常好玩。as a matter of fact事实上,实际上,表示一种转折关系,符合句意。8. (2014·江西卷·25).Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence.,it could just put you in debt.A.In other wordsB.All in allC.As a result D.On the other hand【解析】选D。考查介词短语。句意:创业是获得经济独立的一种方法。另一方面,它也可能使你负债。on the other hand另一方面,表示转折。9. (2