时态复习 (2)

1、在英语中在英语中, 不同时间不同时间发生的动作要用发生的动作要用不同的动词形式不同的动词形式来表示来表示, 这每一种不这每一种不同的形式就叫做同的形式就叫做时态时态。一、时态定义：一、时态定义：二、时态的种类：二、时态的种类：一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 一般将来时一般将来时现在进行时现在进行时 过去进行时过去进行时 现在完成时现在完成时初中英语主要学习如下初中英语主要学习如下6种时态：种时态：三、时态的谓语构成和句式三、时态的谓语构成和句式:Hes at home every day.I study English every morning.We speak Chinese.

2、Uncle Wang reads Tuesday morning.He plays football on Wednesday.Are you 15 years old?Does Jim plays computer games every Friday?Jim doesnt likes playing football.Im not good at English.以上句子的谓语部分构成有什么规律？以上句子的谓语部分构成有什么规律？一般现在时一般现在时:amisare 或或 V原形原形/ V -s/es否定形式：否定形式： am is are + not; 此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词此时态

3、的谓语动词若为行为动词, 则则在其前加在其前加dont, 如主语为第三人称单数如主语为第三人称单数, 则用则用doesnt。 一般疑问句：一般疑问句：把把be动词放于句首动词放于句首; 用助动词用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称提问，如主语为第三人称单数单数, 则用则用does。 一般过去时一般过去时:I got up at five yesterday.I was in Grade Two last year.Uncle Wang read a book yesterday morning.He played football last Sunday.Were you 15 years ol

4、d last year?Did he go to Beijing last night?Jim didnt do his homework.I wasnt good at English.以上句子的谓语部分构成有什么规律？以上句子的谓语部分构成有什么规律？waswere 或或 V-ed否定形式：否定形式： waswere not；在行为动词前加在行为动词前加didnt时间状语时间状语: ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week (year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age o

5、f 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 一般疑问句：一般疑问句：was或或were放在句首；放在句首；用助动词用助动词do的过去式的过去式did提问。提问。一般将来时：一般将来时：I will study English tomorrow.We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift. Im going to wash some clothes tomorrow.They are going to visit the Summer Palace nex

6、t week. Will she visit her old grandpa?Jim wont stay here long.They wont see the film next Tuesday.以上句子的谓语部分构成有什么规律？以上句子的谓语部分构成有什么规律？否定形式否定形式: am/is/are +not + going to +do; will/shall + not + do一般疑问句一般疑问句: be放于句首放于句首; will/shall提到句首。提到句首。 am/is/are/going todo或或will/shalldo现在进行时现在进行时:Theyre singing

7、under the tree now.The boy is playing football.Look! Lucy is riding a new bike today.She isnt cleaning the window.Im not doing my homework.Are the Young Pioneers helping the old man?Is she speaking English?以上句子的谓语部分构成有什么规律？以上句子的谓语部分构成有什么规律？ 否定形式：否定形式：am /is/are +not +doing 一般疑问句：一般疑问句：把把be动词放于句首。动词放

8、于句首。am /is/are +V-ingIt was raining when they left the station.As she was reading the newspaper, Granny fell asleep.What were you doing in my room?Was he reading the book at that time?Was he writing a letter the whole of afternoon?Were you cooking the dinner while he was playing computer?过去进行时过去进行时:

9、以上句子的谓语部分构成有什么规律？以上句子的谓语部分构成有什么规律？否定形式：否定形式：was / were + not + doing一般疑问句：一般疑问句：把把was或或were放于句首。放于句首。was /were +V-ing现在完成时现在完成时:I have had my lunch.He has learned English since 2001.I have seen this photo.He has taken some beautiful pictures.Have you ever been to Canada?Have you heard from your fami

10、ly lately?Have you finished your work yet?以上句子的谓语部分构成有什么规律？以上句子的谓语部分构成有什么规律？否定形式：否定形式：have/has + not +done一般疑问句：一般疑问句：have或或has放于句首。放于句首。havehas done1. 一般现在时一般现在时2. 一般过去时一般过去时3. 一般将来时一般将来时时态时态谓语动词基本结构谓语动词基本结构be动词动词is, am, are4. 现在进行时现在进行时5. 过去进行时过去进行时6. 现在完成时现在完成时am/is /are +V-ingwas/ were + V-ing 小

11、结小结have /has +动词过去分词（动词过去分词（V-ed)/ 不规则不规则will +V原原 / be going to do sth动词过去式（动词过去式（V-ed)/不规则不规则动词原形或动词三单动词原形或动词三单(V-s/es)四、时态的用法四、时态的用法:I. 一般现在时一般现在时表示表示现阶段或经常性的动作、状态现阶段或经常性的动作、状态。He goes to school by bike every day.表示表示客观真理客观真理。The earth goes round the sun.他每天骑自行车去上学。他每天骑自行车去上学。地球绕着太阳转。地球绕着太阳转。表示表示

12、计划、决定、时刻表计划、决定、时刻表。The train leaves at 8:50.If you speak slowly, I understand.如果你讲得慢点，我就能懂。如果你讲得慢点，我就能懂。If it doesnt rain tomorrow, wellgo on a picnic.(4)状语从句状语从句主将从现主将从现如果明天不下雨如果明天不下雨, 我们就去野炊。我们就去野炊。火车火车8:50离站。离站。II. 一般过去时一般过去时表示表示过去做的事或存在的状态过去做的事或存在的状态。She was 13 years old last year. 我上个月见他了。我上个月见

13、他了。I met him last month.Did you see my watch this morning?她去年是她去年是13岁。岁。今天早上你见我手表了吗？今天早上你见我手表了吗？III. 一般将来时一般将来时I will see you tomorrow. be going to do sth 表示表示计划、计划、打算、想要准备做某事。打算、想要准备做某事。表示表示将要发生的事情将要发生的事情。He is going to be a doctor when he grows up.Tomorrow will be Sunday.我将明天见你。我将明天见你。明天是星期天。明天是星期

14、天。他打算长大后当一名医生。他打算长大后当一名医生。 IV. 现在进行时现在进行时 What are you doing here? I am writing a letter.表示表示现阶段内现阶段内( (说话时不一定进行说话时不一定进行) )正在进行的动作正在进行的动作。 表示表示说话时动作正在进行着说话时动作正在进行着。工人们正在建一个体育馆。工人们正在建一个体育馆。 你在这里做什么？你在这里做什么？ 我正在写信。我正在写信。The workers are building a gymnasium.V. 现在完成时现在完成时He has already had lunch.表示表示动作已

15、发生动作已发生, 这个动作的结果对现这个动作的结果对现在仍有影响，常与在仍有影响，常与already, yet, now, just, by this time等时间状语连用等时间状语连用。He has arrived.他到了。他到了。I have just come back from the U. S.我刚从美国回来。我刚从美国回来。他已经吃过午饭了。他已经吃过午饭了。His brother hasnt come back yet.他的哥哥还没回来。他的哥哥还没回来。表表一个动作从过去发生一个动作从过去发生, ,一直持续到现在一直持续到现在。I have learned English f

16、or more than 6 years.We have known each other since childhood.我学习英语已经我学习英语已经6年多了。年多了。我们从孩提时候就相互认识了。我们从孩提时候就相互认识了。2. 这本书他买了一年了。这本书他买了一年了。He has bought this book for a year.He has had this book for a year.终止性终止性动词和动词和持续性持续性动词动词1. 他来北京五天了。他来北京五天了。He has come to Beijing for 5 days.He has been in Beijing

17、 for 5 days. 3. 这本书他借了三天了。这本书他借了三天了。He has borrowed the pen for three days.He has kept the book for 3 days.为下列句子选出正确的英文翻译。为下列句子选出正确的英文翻译。现在完成时现在完成时与与一般过去时一般过去时的用法比较的用法比较现在完成时表示过去的动作现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在造成对现在造成的影响的影响；一般过去时表示动作；一般过去时表示动作发生的时发生的时间在过去间在过去。The plane has arrived.The plane arrived a quarter of a

18、n hour ago.飞机已经来了。飞机已经来了。(说明现在的情况说明现在的情况:飞机飞机已经在这儿。已经在这儿。)飞机一刻钟以前抵达的。飞机一刻钟以前抵达的。(强调动作发生强调动作发生的时间在过去的时间在过去)1. Where were you at 7:00 last night? I _ to my mom at home. A. write B. was writing C. wrote2. Tina and her parents _ to England for sightseeing last summer. (2010上海上海) A. go B. went C. will go

19、 D. have gone3. Joe, my close friend, moved to Beijng years ago, and I _ him since then. (2010河南河南) A. dont see B. didnt see C. havent seen D. wont see4. Mike is from America. He _ English. (2010 湖北武汉湖北武汉) A. spoke B. will speak C. speaks D. has spoken5. Do you know the boy over there? Sure. I _ him

20、 for years. (2010 陕西陕西) A. knew B. will know C. have known D. known6. May I speak to Mr. Morgan? Sorry. He _ on the farm. A. works B. worked C. is working D. has worked 7. The population of the world _ still _ now. A. will; grow B. have; grown C. is; growing D. is; grown 8. Why didnt you go to play football with us yesterday afternoon? I _ my mother with the housework then. A. helped B. was helping C. had helped D. have been helping 9. Did you give Tom a phone call? Yes, I did. But nobody _. A. answer B. answered C. will