反义疑问句专题讲解

1、北京金蟾连步教育科技有限公司燕郊培训中心 一、如果陈述部分是something， anything， nothing， everything等不定代词作句子主语时，疑问部分的主语用"it"代替；如果陈述部分的主语是someone （somebody）， anyone （anybody）， no one（nobody），everyone （everybody）等不定代词时，疑问部分的主语用"they"代替。例如：Everything goes very well， doesn't it？ Something is wrong with that T

2、V set， isn't it？ Someone stole my watch， didn't they？ Everyone went to the zoo last Sunday， didn't they？ Nobody is late for school， are they？ 注：nothing在陈述部分中若做主语时，疑问部分用肯定形式，若做宾语或表语时，疑问部分用肯定形式或否定形式均可。例如：Nothing happens， does it？ （nothing 做主语） The manager knew nothing about that project， d

3、id/didn't he？ （nothing做宾语） She is nothing to me， is/isn't she？（nothing做表语） 二、若陈述部分的主语是this， that时，疑问部分的主语用"it"代替；若陈述部分的主是these， those时，则疑问部分的主语用"they"代替。例如：This is an interesting story， isn't it？ Those are your classmates， aren't they？ 三、若陈述部分的主语是动词不定式、动名词及从句时，疑问部

4、分的主语用"it"代替。例如：To learn English well is very important， isn't it？ Seeing is believing， isn't it？ What we need most now is more money， isn't it？ 四、若陈述部分的主语是one时，疑问部分的主语常用"one"代替，偶尔用"you"代替。例如：One can't know what will happen in the future， can one？ /can yo

5、u？ One should learn more knowledge now， shouldn't one？ /shouldn't you？ 五、若陈述部分是"There be" 句型结构时，疑问部分的主语用"there"； 若"there"是和其他成分构成倒装句型时，疑问部分则根据主语的人称和数的一致原则而定。例如：There are some foreign teachers in their school， aren't there？ There will be a football match， won

6、't there？ There goes the bell， doesn't it？ There comes the bus， doesn't it？ There stand/lie several tall buildings at the foot of the mountain， don't they？六、若陈述部分是由neithernor， eitheror， bothand， not onlybut also等连词连接的两个名词或代词做句子主语时，疑问部分的主语用复数代词代替。例如：Both Lucy and Lily came to this par

7、ty， didn't they？ Not only Kate but also Jane likes dancing， don't they？ Either you or Li Ping is going to the meeting， aren't you？ 七、若陈述部分的主语是"the +形容词"表一类人时，疑问部分的主语用代替；若是表某一抽象概念时，疑问部分的主语用"it"代替。例如：The rich are not always very happy， are they？ The young should respect

8、 the old， shouldn't they？ The beautiful isn't always good， is it？ 八、有时，陈述部分的主语是单数还是复数，较难判断，判断清楚以后，疑问部分的主语在人称和数方面要与陈述部分的主语保持一致。例如：One of the policewomen is standing over there， isn't she？ The actress and director decides to sing us a song， doesn't she？ The writer and the teacher will

9、come to give us a talk next week， won't they？ Her brother's name is Li Ming， isn't it？ 九、当陈述部分是由"I'm sure that； I'm afraid that； We are sure that； We are afraid that； I feel sure that； I hope that； We feel sure that； It seems that"等句型构成时，因主要意思在从句，故疑问部分的主语要与从句的主语保持一致。例如：

10、I'm sure that you know him well， don't you？ I'm afraid that he hasn't finished that work， has he？ I hope you don't mind my speaking frankly， do you？ It seems that you are an expert， aren't you？ 十、若陈述部分以第一人称主语"I/We don't think （expect， believe， guess， imagine， suppose

11、等+that-clause"时，反意疑问句要与从句保持一致；若陈述部分是由其他人称代词做主语，反意疑问句则仍与主句保持一致。例如：I don't think that she can come， can she？ We don't think that it will rain tomorrow， will it？ They don't think she knew anything about it， do they？ He doesn't suppose that you are a great success， does he？ You don&

12、#39;t think that I can swim， do you？ 十一、有时，虽然陈述部分用第一人称代词做句子主语，但反意疑问句的疑问部分是表示征求别人的意见，此时，反意疑问句的疑问部分实际上相当于另一个句子，含义相当于WhatHow about you？或者What do you think？。注意仔细体会。例如：I find this lesson is too difficult， don't you？ （=What /How about you？） I believe he is right， don't you？ （=What about you？） I th

13、ink she is very friendly to us， don't you？ （= What do you think？） I don't suppose he will win this game， do you？（=What do you think？） 十二、若陈述部分是" I am"时，疑问部分用"aren't I"？若陈述部分是" I'm not"时，则疑问部分用"am I？".例如：I am foolish， aren't I？ I'm not c

14、areful enough， am I？十三、若陈述部分为"I/We wish"时，反意疑问句的疑问部分用"may I/we？"；但若句子主语是第二、三人称代词时，反意疑问句的疑问部分则根据人称代词选择适当的助动词。例如：I wish to visit the Great Wall， may I？ I wish I could fly to the moon one day， may I？ Tom wishes to go abroad， doesn't he？ You wish to make friends with us， do you？

15、十四、若陈述部分含有否定意义的词如"no， never， seldom， hardly， none， few， little， rarely， scarcely， neither， neithernor，tooto"等时，反意疑问句的疑问部分则用肯定形式。例如：He has never been to Beijing， has he？ There is little rain this year， is there？ He is too young to look after himself， is he？ She is seldom late for school， is

16、 she？ 注1：在tooto"句型中若用形容词glad， pleased， ready， eager"等时， 不适用这一原则， 因为此时并非表示"否定"含义，对于这点要特别注意。例如：He is too eager to join the army， isn't he？ She is too glad to receive a doctor's degree， isn't she？ 注2：若否定含义是通过使用前缀（如:un-，in-，im-，dis-，）和后缀（如-less，）等构成时，其反意疑问句的疑问部分仍用否定形式。例如：

17、You are unfair， aren't you？ He dislikes these ways， doesn't he？ 十五、若陈述部分have表"所有"含义时，疑问部分可用"have"或"do"的相应形式；若表示"经历、遭受、得到、吃"等含义时，疑问部分只能用"do"的相应形式。例如He has a new car， hasn't/doesn't he？ They have a meeting every week， don't they？ Sh

18、e had his bike mended yesterday， didn't she？ You all had a good time at the party， didn't you？ 十六、若陈述部分含有"got"表"have got"之意是，疑问部分既可用"haven't"，也可用"didn't".例如：He got （=has got） a chance to go abroad， didn't he？ / hasn't he？ I got （=have g

19、ot） a right to know this thing， haven't I？ /didn't I？ 十七、若陈述部分含有"have to"这一句型结构时， 其疑问部分要根据句意用助动词do 的适当形式。例如：It's dark， we have to walk home， don't we？ She has to look after her sister at home， doesn't she？ He had to make a living by himself， didn't he？ 十八、在陈述部分中，Let

20、's 引导的祈使句若是肯定句，疑问部分用"shall we？"； Let's 引导的祈使句若是否定句，疑问部分用"OK？"或"all right？". 例如：Let's go to school， shall we？ Let's not go to see the film， OK？ /all right？ 注：Let's 引导的祈使句若是肯定句，疑问部分间或可用"shan't we？"， 但含义和"shall we"有区别。试比较：Let'

21、;s go dancing， shall we？ 咱们去跳舞，好吗？（征求意见，读时用升调。） Let's go dancing， shan't we？ 咱们该去跳舞了吧？（提醒对方，读时用降调。） 十九、陈述部分若为let或其他动词开头的肯定祈使句，表"请求"时，疑问部分用will you？ 若表示"邀请"、"劝告"等时，则疑问部分用won't you？（间或用may/can you？）；陈述部分若为否定祈使句时，疑问句部分用will you？。例如：Let me help you， will you？ （表

22、"请求".） Please open the door， will you？ （表"请求".） Have a cup of tea， won't you？ （表"邀请"） Don't be late for school next， will you？ Don't read in the sun， will you？ 二十、若陈述部分含有表"推测"意义的情态动词"can"时，其反意疑问句的疑问部分要根据情态动词之后的实义动词的人称、时态而定。例如：Jack can'

23、;t be in the reading room， is he？（can't be"表一般现在时。"） He can't have gone home， has he？ （can't have gone home 表"现在完成时"） She can't have gone to the party last night， did he？ （can't have gone to the party last night 表"对过去情况的猜测".） 二十一、若陈述部分有情态动词"must

24、"时，要根据具体情况而定。分述如下：A、 must作"应当"解时，疑问部分用mustn't .例如：I must start at once， mustn't I？ B、 must 作"必须"解时，疑问部分用needn't .例如：We must start earlier tomorrow， needn't we？ C 、Must表"推测"，作"想必、一定"解时，疑问部分则根据must 之后的实义动词的时态来确定。例如：She must be a new teacher，

25、 isn't she？ （must be 表"一般现在是"） They must be playing basketball， aren't they？（must be playing表"现在正在进行时"） You must have finished you homework now， haven't you？ （must have finished 表"现在完成时"） He must have come back last week， didn't he？ （must have come back表

26、"一般过去时态"） The classroom must have been cleaned yesterday， wasn't it？ （must have been cleaned表"一般过去时的被动语态"） D、"must not /mustn't"作"不许、禁止"解时，疑问部分用may或者must. 例如：You mustn't walk in the tomato field， may/must you？ You mustn't play with fire， may/mu

27、st you？ 注："may/might have+过去分词"也可表示对过去事物的推测，其反意疑问句的疑问部分形式同"must +have+过去分词".例如：She might have been a farmer's daughter， wasn't she？ 二十二、若陈述部分有"used to"这一句型结构时，其反意疑问句的疑问部分用"usedn't"或"didn't？".例如：His faster used to smoke a lot， usedn

28、9;t /didn't he？ You used to get up early， usedn't/didn't？ 注：当"used to"后有联系动词"be"时，疑问部分既可用"usedn't，也可用wasn't/weren't. 例如：There used to be a school there， usedn't/wasn't there？ That river used to be clean， usedn't/wasn't it？ There used t

29、o be many tall building over there， usedn't/weren't there？ 二十三、若陈述部分是"ought to"这一句型结构时，其反意疑问句的疑问部分用"oughtn't"或"shouldn't".例如：You ought to obey the school rules， shouldn't/oughtn't you？ We ought to begin to work at once， shouldn't/ought't

30、we？ 二十四、陈述部分中若"need"用作实义动词时，则疑问部分用助动词do的适当形式；若用作情态动词（在否定句中）时，则疑问部分用need， 偶尔用must. 例如：The flowers need watering， don't they？ You need to practice speaking more English， don't you？ You needn't tell him this thing， need/must you？ Tom needn't go there， need/must he？ 二十五、陈述部分中&q

31、uot;dare" 若用作实义动词时，其疑问部分用助动词do的适当形式；若用作情态动词（在否定句中），其疑问部分则用dare.例如：He dares to swim across the river， doesn't he？ She daren't go out alone at right， dare she？ He daren't jump the tall tree， dare he？ 二十六、陈述部分有"had better"这一结构时，其反意疑问句的疑问部分用"hadn't：，偶尔用"shouldn&#

32、39;t".例如：You had better put on more clothes today， hadn't/shouldn't you？ You'd better go and ask your teacher， hadn't/shouldn't you？ You'd better clean your own room， hadn't you？ 二十七、当陈述部分的主语有缩写形式 'd时，要分清是would， could， should还是had的缩写形式；若有缩写形式 's时，要分清是is 还是has

33、 的缩写。例如：You'd like to go with her， wouldn't you？（You'd=you would） He'd rather die than give in， wouldn't he？（He'd=he would） Mary's coming tomorrow， isn't she？（Mary's=Mary is） Peter's heard the news， hasn't she？（Peter's=Peter has） She's used to livi

34、ng in the country， isn't she （She's=She is） 二十八、若陈述部分含有由连词"but， and， or， for"等构成的并列句时，则反意疑问句的疑问部分要根据第二个分句的主谓语来决定。例如：He failed many times， but he succeeded at last， didn't he？ He is a doctor， but his wife is a teacher， isn't she？ I speak Chinese， but he speaks English， doesn

35、't he？ We must hurry， or we will be late for class， won't we？ She studies hard， for it is the third time that she has been praised， isn't it？ 二十九、若陈述部分是主从复合句，则疑问部分的主语要根据主句的主语而定。例如：She was cooking when I came home， wasn't she？ It won't matter if I'm late for supper， will it？ Y

36、ou know that not everyone can operate the machine， don't you？ He said that he had been to New York， didn't he？ 三十、当陈述部分有"It is/was the first（second， third， etc）time +that从句"这一结构时，其反意疑问句的疑问部分要与"It is/was "保持一致。例如：It is high time that you went to school， isn't it？ It wa

37、s the second time that he had been in love that year， wasn't it？ 三十一、当陈述部分有"It is said（told， reported， believed等）+that clause"时，其反意疑问句的疑问部分要与从句中的主谓语保持一致。例如：It is reported that the police caught the thief yesterday， didn't they？ It is said that she has won the first place in this co

38、mpetition， hasn't she？ 三十二、当陈述部分是感叹句时，其疑问部分要根据感叹句所强调的情况用he/she/it/they 做主语以便在逻辑上保持一致，且用一般现在时的适当形式。例如：What fine weather， isn't it？ What a pretty actress， isn't she？ How hard he works， doesn't he？ 三十三、若陈述部分是被动语态形式且带有动词定式做主语补足语时，其疑问部分中动词形式必须根据句意用不同的时态，分述如下A、 若有表过去的时间状语或者谓语动词是过去是时态，疑问部分助

39、动词did构成。例如：He is said to have finished the research work last year， didn't he？ B、 若谓语是一般现在时或主语补足语含有be动词时，则疑问部分用be的适当形式。例如：She is said to be running a big company， isn't she？ C、 若谓语是一般现在时且主语补足语是完成式时，则疑问部分用have的适当形式。例如：They are said to have read that book， haven't they？ 三十四、有时，在口语中，疑问部分只用一

40、个词，根本构不成疑问结构形式，更不必说人称和数要保持一致。例如：He works hard， right？ You are not going out today， what？ We will set off at 7：00， OK？ 三十五、在反意疑问句中，疑问部分用缩略形式。但有时，在很正式的语体中，为了特殊强调，可以不用缩略形式，不过不常用。例如：He is very strong， is he not？ She eats a little bread and drinks some water to lost weight， does she not？ 初中英语反意疑问句对应规则二十四

41、条 反意疑问句对应规则二十四条 反意疑问句是英语四大问句之一，它是由一个陈述句加上一个短问句而构成的。反意疑问句的基本构成形式是：陈述句+动词（肯定或否定）+主语？如： She often has lunch at school, doesn't she? You don't like sports, do you? 使用反意疑问句要注意以下若干对应规则： 一、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即： 肯定+否定？ 否定+肯定？如： You can't do it, can you? They are very late for the

42、 meeting, aren't they? 二、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。如： He has supper at home every day, doesn't he? （不能用hasn't he?） They have known the matter, haven't they? （不能用don't they?） 三、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。如： They will go to town soon, won't they?（不能用don't they?或 aren

43、't they?） He works very hard, doesn't he?（不能用didn't he?或won't he?） 四、 反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。如： Your father is unhappy, isn't he?（不能用is he?） The man is dishonest, isn't he? （不能用is he?） It is impossible to learn English without r

44、emembering more words, isn't it?（不能用is it ?） 五、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如： She never tells a lie, does she?（不用doesn't she?） He was seldom late, was he?（不用wasn't he?） 六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am时，问句部分习惯上用aren't I？表示。如： I am a very honest man, aren't I?

45、 七、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致。如： I think that he has done his best, hasn't he? We think that English is very useful, isn't it? （不用don't we?） 八、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) don't think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分

46、的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如： I don't think that you can do it, can you? （不用do I?） We don't believe that the news is true, is it? （不用do we?） 九、反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如： They all think that English is very important, don't

47、they? （不用isn't it?） He didn't think that the news was true, did he? （不用wasn't/ was it?） 十、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如： They said that you had finished your work, didn't they? （不用hadn't you） Kate told you that she would go the

48、re, didn't she? （不用wouldn't she?） 十一、陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如： Something is wrong with the computer, isn't it?Nothing has happened to them, has it? 十二、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one), everybody(everyone)时，问句部分的主语用he

49、或 they，这时问句动词的数应和he或 they一致。如： Someone has taken the seat, hasn't he?Everyone has done their best in the game, haven't they? 十三、陈述部分为Let me时，问句部分习惯上用shall I? 或will you?形式。如： Let me have a try, shall I?(will you?) 十四、陈述部分为Let us时，问句部分习惯上用will you?形式。如： Let us stop to rest, will you? 十五、陈述部分为L

50、et's时，问句部分习惯上用shall we?形式。如： Let's go home together, shall we? 十六、陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式表示请求，用won't you？形式表示委婉请求或邀请。如： Do sit down, won't you?/ will you? You feed the bird today, will you? Please open the window, will you?(won't you?) 十七、陈述部分为否定祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形

51、式。如： Don't make any noise, will you? 十八、陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时，问句部分用动词+there(here)?形式。如： There are two cakes on the plate, aren't there? Here is a story about Mark Twain, isn't here? 十九、陈述部分用had better +原形动词表示建议时，问句部分用hadn't +主语？形式。 You'd better tell him about the matter, h

52、adn't you?We had better do it by ourselves, hadn't we? 二十、陈述部分用used to +主语时，问句部分用didn't + 主语？或usedn't +主语？形式。 He used to live in the country, didn't he?/usedn't he? They used to be good friends, didn't they?/usedn't they? 二十一、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若

53、句中带有明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用过去时形式。如： He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didn't he? （不用mightn't he?/ hasn't he?） You must have got up late this morning, didn't you?（不用mustn't you?/haven't you?） 二十二、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中没有带明显的过去时间的状语，问句

54、部分动词用现在完成时形式。如： Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, haven't they? （不用mustn't they?） You must have worked there a year ago, didn't you?（不用mustn't you?/ haven't you?） 二十三、陈述部分的主语为从句时，问句部分的主语一般用it代替，如： What he said is true, isn't it? （不用didn't he?） Where we w

55、ill build the dam has not been decided yet, has it? （不用won't we?） 二十四、陈述部分的主语为动名词或不定式时，问句的主语用it代替。如： To do one good deed is easy for a person, isn't it?Skating is your favorite sport, isn't it初中英语18种特殊的反意疑问句 1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或won't you构成反意疑问句，用will you 多表示“请求”，用won't you 多表示

56、提醒对方注意。例如：Look at the blackboard, will you/ won't you?看黑板，好吗？Let引导的祈使句有两种情况：1)Let's.,后的反意疑问句用shall we或shan't we。例如：Let's go home, shall we/ shan't we? 回家吧，好吗？还可以用may I来表示征求对方的同意或许可。2)Let us/me.后的反意疑问句用will you或won't you。例如：Let me have a try, will you/won't you? 让我试一试，行吗？2

57、.感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时，其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。例如：What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天气啊，是吧？3. 当陈述部分谓语动词是need, dare, used to，且这些词被用作实义动词时，其反意疑问句需用do的适当形式。例如：He needs help, doesn't he?他需要帮助，是吗？4.陈述部分主、谓语是I am.时，反意疑问句用aren't I 或ain't I ,而不是am not I (可用am I not)。例如：I'm working now, ain't

58、I? 我在工作，是吗？5.陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything或something 时，反意疑问句的主语应用代词it。例如：Something is wrong with my radio, isn't it? 我的收音机出毛病了，是吧？6.陈述部分的主语是 everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 时, 其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they。例如：Everyone is here, aren't they?

59、 大家都到了，是吗？No one knows about it, do they? 没有人知道这件事，对吗？7.陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时，反意疑问句的主语用it，当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those时，其反意疑问句的主语用they。例如：This is a plane, isn't it? 这是一架飞机，是吗？These are grapes，aren't they? 这些是葡萄，是吗？8.陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时，反意疑问句的主语可以用one，也可用you(美式英语用he)。例如：One should be ready to help

60、others, shouldn't one? 每个人都应该乐于助人，是吧？9.当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时：few, little, seldom，hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等，其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。例如：He is never late for school, is he? 他上学从不迟到，是吗？10.当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的，其后的反意疑问句依然用否定结构。例如：It is unfair, isn't it? 这不公平，是吧？11.含有否定

61、含义的词在陈述部分作动词的宾语时，其反意疑问句用肯定结构，也可以用否定结构。例如：You got nothing from him, did you? 你从他那儿什么也没得到，是吗？12.当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时，反意疑问句的主语应该用it。例如：What you need is more important, isn't it？你需要的东西更重要，是吧？13.当陈述部分含I think (believe, suppose.)that. 结构时，其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致，注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。例如：I don't think

62、 he will come, will he? 我认为他不会来，对吗？14.have(has)不是表示“有”的意思，并在句中做谓语时，其反意疑问句的助动词要用do, does, did。例如：They had a meeting just now，didn't they? 他们刚才开了个会，是吗？15.陈述部分有have to 时，其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。例如：You have to water the vegetables every day, don't you?你每天都要浇菜，对吧？16.陈述部分是there be句型时，其反意疑问句中要用there。例如：There was a hospital here, wasn't there? 过去这儿有家医院，是吗？17.陈述部分有had better时，反意疑问句中要用hadn't。例如：We had better go to school at once, hadn't we? 我