学位英语模拟题答案

1、一、词汇和语法(1-201.It is obvious that this new rule is applicable to everyone without _.A.exceptionB.exclusionC.modificationD.substitution答案 A译文 很明显，这条规定适用于任何人，没有例外。解析 Without exception 为固定搭配，表示 “毫无例外，无一例外 ”。Exclusion表示“排除，排外 ” ;modification 的意思是 “更改，修正 ” ;substitution 表示“替代”。2.Last night he saw two dark

2、 _ enter the building, and then there was theexplosion.A.featuresB.figuresC.sketchesD.images答案 B译文 昨天晚上他看见两个黑影进了大楼，然后就发生了爆炸。解析 Feature 表示“特征，特点 ” ;sketch 的意思是 “素描，梗概，草图 ” ;image 表示“形象 ”而; figure 表示“外形，轮廓，体型 ”，符合上下文。3.Faced with rapid inflation and _ international and home markets, manyfirms have dec

3、lared bankrupt.A. lesseningB. shorteningC. shrinkingD. withdrawing答案 C 。考查近义动词的语义辨析。各选项的意思及 用分法是别：选项Alessening 减少， 减轻，侧重指程度、重要性等的减轻。如： The defeat lessened ourchances of winning the championship此.次失败使我们夺冠的希望变得更加渺。茫lessen the burden of 减轻负担;选项 Bshortening 缩短，变短，如 The days are beginning to shorten. 天开始

4、变短了。 shorten the gap between 缩小 ? ? 之间的差距;选项Cshrinking 使收缩，缩小，减少，侧重指尺寸、大小等的变小。如：The number ofstudents attending the lecture has shrun 听k.讲座的学生人数减少了。 Will this soap shrink woolen clothes? 这种肥皂会使羊毛衣服缩水吗?选项 D withdrawing 收回，撤 退，撤销，如： After awhile, he withdrew his proposal. 过了一会儿，他撤回了他的提议。根据题意可判断出选项C 应为

5、正确答案。全句意思是“面对通货膨胀日和缩益 小的国际国内市场，许多公司都已宜布产破”。4.We'd better eliminate junk foods from our kitchen and keep a variety of high-quality foods _ at all times.A. availableB. desirableC. enormousD. numerous答案 A 。考查形容词语义环境。四个选项的意思分 别是：选项Aavailable 现成可使用的，在手边的，可利用的;选项 Bdesirable 称心如意的，值得有的，如I envyJane beca

6、use her job is so desirab我le.很羡慕简，因为她有一份很称心的工作。选项Cenormous 巨大的，极大的，庞大的;选项 Dnumerous 许多的，很多的，如：This isa conclusion he has drawn from numerous fact这s. 是他从很多事实当中得出的结。论根据题干可判断出选项 A 应为正确答案。 全句的意思为 “我们应清除厨房里的垃圾食品，而使各种高质量的食物随手可及 ”。5.The purpose of your resume is to _ enough interest in you to have anemploy

7、er contact you for an interview.A. assembleB. generateC. yieldD. gather答案 B 。考查动词的语义辨析。各选项的意思分 别是：选项Aassemble 意为“集合，聚集，召集;装配 ”，如： The whole school assembled in the main hal全l.校学生在大礼堂集合。 Before you assemble the model plane, read the instruction在s.你组装模型飞机前，先读说明。书选项Bgenerate 意为 “生成，产生 (光、热、电等 ;引起 (兴趣等”

8、，如： News of the Queen's visit is generating a lot of excitemen女t. 皇来访的消息使大家感到非常兴奋。 选项 Cyield 意为“生产，产生 ( 利润、回报等 ; 投降，屈服 ”，如： His business yields big profits. 他的生意利润丰厚。选项Dgather 意为“聚集，集合 ;收集，采集 ”，如：Many people gathered in the town square很. 多人聚集在市政广场。该题需注意选项B 和选项 C 在搭配上的区别。根据题意，选项B 应为正确答案。全句意思为是“简历

9、就是要充分引起雇主对你的兴趣，并达到进一联步试面系的目的 。”6.Some concepts may be difficult to grasp chiefly because they may be unfamiliar or _ ideas, opinions which we already hold.A. in accordance withB. in conflict withC. in favor ofD. in response to答案 B 。考查介词短语的语义。 四个选项的意思分别是： 选项 Ain accordance with 依照，根据 ;选项 Bin conflict

10、 with 与 ? ? 相冲突 ;选项 Cin favor of 支持，赞同;选项 Din response to 作为对 ? ? 的反应。根据题意可判断出选项 B 为正确答案。全句的意思为 “一些观念很难让人领会主要是因为我们对其不熟悉者或是因为与我们原有的观点相矛盾。”7.The city government has determined to get _ with people who try to escapepaying taxes.A. roughB. toughC. rigidD. bold答案 B 。考查形容词语义及搭配。能与介词 with 搭配的只有选项 Btough ，

11、get tough with/on sb. 意为“对? ? 采取坚决态度;对 ? ? 采用强硬手段 ”。其余选项的意思分别是：选项 Arough 意为 “粗糙的 ;粗野的，粗暴的 ;粗略的，大致的 ”选; 项Crigid( 行为观点等严格的， 死板的， 不易改变的 ;选项 Dbold 意为“勇敢的，无畏的 ; 冒失的，鲁莽的 ”。全句的意思是 “政府部门决心采取强硬手段来惩治偷人税。”员8.Human beings are superior to animals _ they can use language as a tool tocommunicate.A. for whichB. in

12、whichC. in thatD. for that答案： C详解：答案为C。 in that 表示 “因为，既然 ”4.Do you know the name of that _ insect?A. funny, little, red, mosquito-likeB. little, funny, mosquito-like, redC. red, little, funny, mosquito-likeD. mosquito-like, red, little, funny答案： A详解：答案为 A 。本题考核修饰语的排列顺序：限定词 数词 一般描绘性形容词 表示大小、形状的形容词 表

13、示年龄、新旧的形容词 表示色彩的形容词 表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词 表示物质、材料的形容词 表示用途、类别的形容词 被修饰名词。了解个大概顺序，如果记不得，只有读几遍凭语感来选择。5.The time has come _ we make extensive use of nuclear energy.A. WhenB. whileC. asD. since答案： A详解：答案为A 。 when 引导的定语从句修饰time ，有时为了使句子平衡，也就是使主语不必过长，而把定语从句或同位语从句后置于谓语之后。如： The newscame that our team won the match

14、.6.Professor Black and professor Smith will _ in giving the class lectures.A. alterB. changeC. alternateD. differ答案： C详解：答案为C。 alternate 指“交替 ”;alter 指“改。”变7.We drive our car fast and soon _ other cars on the road.A. overseeB. overtakeC. overrunD. override答案： B【译文】我们开得很快，一会儿就超越了公路上的其他汽 。车【注释】 overta

15、ke 追“上，赶上，超过 ”。oversee “俯瞰 ;监督，监视”。overrun “溢出 ;( 侵略军横行于”。override 奔“越过，践过踏 ;制服，压倒。”13.Are there any other factors that might affect the development of a child _education and innate inability?A. apart fromB. away fromC. far from D. but for答案： A详解：应选A 项。apart from 除 ?之外， away from 远离， far from远非， but

16、 for 要不是。句意为：除了教育和先天的不足，还有什么其他因素会影响一个孩子的发展?14.I would never have encouraged you to go into this field _ it would be sohard for you.A. had I knownB. and I had knownC. should I knowD. but I knew答案： A详解：应选A 项。此句为虚拟语气，如果条件从句中包含有一个助动词，可把if 省略，这时助动词应放在主语前面。句意为：要是我知道这件事情对你如此之难，我就不会鼓励你进入这个领域。8.Reading is to

17、 the mind _ food is to the body.A. whatB. thatC. similarD. which答案： A详解：应选A 项。what 是关系代词，A is to B what C is to D， A 对于 B 之间的关系犹如C 对于D 。句意为：读书对于大脑来说就像食物对于身体一样。9.Jane's _ for gardening is evident by all of these beautiful flowers.A. acquaintanceB. familiarityC. achievementD. enthusiasm答案： D详解：应选D

18、 项。enthusiasm 热衷，狂热， acquaintance 相识， familiarity 熟悉， achievement 成就，功绩。句意为：从这些漂亮的花可以明显看出简对园艺的热衷。17.In the 1850's Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin" became the best seller of the generation, _ a host of imitators.A. inspiringB. inspiredC. inspired byD. to inspire答案： A详

19、解：应选A 项。分词短语做状语。句意为：19 世纪 50 年代，斯托的汤姆叔叔的小屋成为30 年来的畅销书，因而激起了一大群伪造者。18.They have made a _ plan to build a suspension bridge over the river.A. baldB. boundC. boldD. bare答案： C详解：应选C 项。bold 大胆的， bald 光秃的， bound 被束缚了的，bare 赤裸的 ;无遮盖的。句意为：他们已做出了一个大胆的计划要在这条河上建一所吊桥。19.Her humorous remarks seemed _, but were i

20、n fact carefully preparedbeforehand.A. preciseB. blankC. spontaneousD. bold答案： C详解：应选C 项。 spontaneous 自发的 ;自然产生的， precise 精确的 ;准确的， blank 空白的 ;空着的， bold 大胆的。句意为：她的幽默的评论看起来好像很自然，但是实际上是事先好备准真认的。20.Are there any other factors that might affect the development of a child _education and innate inability?

21、A. apart fromB. away fromC. far fromD. but for答案： A详解：应选A 项。 apart from 除 ? ? 之外， away from 远离， far from 远非， but for 要不是。句意为：除了教育和先天的不足，还有什么其他因素会影响一个孩子的发展?二、阅读理解 (21-40)Where do pesticides 杀(剂虫fit into the picture of environmental disease? We have seen that they now pollute soil, water, and food, th

22、at they have the power to make ourstreams fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless. Man, however much he may like to pretend the contrary, is part of nature. Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world?We know that even single exposures to t

23、hese chemicals, if the amount is large enough, can cause extremely severe poisoning. But this is not the major problem. The sudden illness or death of farmers, farm workers, and others exposed to sufficient quantities of pesticides is very sad and should not occur. For the population as a whole, we

24、must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing small amounts of the pesticides that invisibly pollute our world.Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of chemicals are cumulative over long periods of time, and that the danger to the individual

25、may depend on the sum of the exposures received throughout his lifetime. For these very reasons the danger is easily ignored. It is human nature to shake off what may seem to us a threat of future disaster. "Men are naturally most impressed bydiseases which have obvious signs," says a wise

26、 physician, Dr.Rene Dubos, "yet some of their worst enemies slowly approach them unnoticed."21. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the sentence "Man, . is part of nature."(Line 3,Para.1)?A. Man appears indifferent to what happens in nature.B. Man acts as if he does n

27、ot belong to nature.C. Man can avoid the effects of environmental pollution.D. Man can escape his responsibilities for environmental protection.答案: B详解： B)。词汇题。答题关键在于正确理解"like to pretend the contrary"几个词的含义，这几个词字面原意为：喜欢假装相反。把它与原句结合起来看，这一句的意思是：人类，尽管常常表现得恰好相反，却是自然的一部分。据此句意来套四个选择项，就可看出B)( 人类表

28、现得好像他不属于自然是正确答案。22. What is the author's attitude towards the environmental effects of pesticides? A. Pessimistic.B. Indifferent.C. Defensive.D. Concerned.答案: D详解： D)。观点题。本文就作者对杀虫剂的环境后果的态度提问。纵观全文可知，作者在文中一一描述了杀虫剂明显和潜在的两方面危险，提醒人们重视其缓慢的长期效应，可见作者对这一问题是“关切的 ” D项) )，而非是 “漠不关心的 ” B)项 )。同时，作者在文中并未悲天悯人，认

29、为杀虫剂的危害已不可救药，所以A)项“悲观的 ”也不符合题意。而C)项“防御性的 ”，在文中并无根据，因为在文中作者并未提出该怎样解决杀虫剂的环境后果问题，因此只有D)是最符合题意的正确答案。23. In the author's view, the sudden death caused by exposure to large amounts of pesticides _.A. is not the worst of the negative consequences resulting from the use of pesticidesB. now occurs most f

30、requently among all accidental deathsC. has sharply increased so as to become the center of public attentionD. is unavoidable because people can't do without pesticides in farming答案: A详解： A)。推断题。本题的答案主要见于第二段。从"But this is not the majorproblem".( 但这并不是主要问题及 "., we must be more conc

31、erned with the delayed effects. ，( 我们必须更关切由于小剂量地吸收无形中污染了我们世界的杀虫剂而造成的延迟的后果”我们可从中推断出作者认为“由于大剂量吸入杀虫剂而突然致死”还不是最糟糕的情况，故 A)是正确的。而 B) 、 C) 、 D)项的内容在文中均未提及，所以无法判断是否是作者的观点，因而不能入选正确答案。24. People tend to ignore the delayed effects of exposure to chemicals because_.A. limited exposure to them does little harm t

32、o people's healthB. the present is more important for them than the futureC. the danger does not become apparent immediatelyD. humans are capable of withstanding small amounts of poisoning答案: C详解： C)。推断题。本题可用筛选法，一一排除错误答案。人们容易忽视吸入有毒化学物质所带来的延迟后果，到底是因为什么呢?先看 A)：有限的吸收不会给人类健康带来危害。根据第三段内容可知，有毒化学物质的生物效

33、果是累积的，而且累积越多，危险越大，因此，即使是有限的吸收，也会有潜伏的危险，可见A)项内容错误。同样D)项“人类能经受住小剂量有毒物质危害”显然也不对。再看B) ：现在比将来重要。根据最后一段第三句，人类的本性是会忽略将来的危险的，但这并不等于说现在就更重要，所以B) 项也没有正确解释本题中的原因。只有C)项“危险并没有立刻显示出来”，符合原文意旨，特别是最后一句的句意，所以C)是正确答案。25. It can be concluded from Dr.Dubos'remarks that _. A. people find invisible diseases difficult

34、to deal withB. attacks by hidden enemies tend to be fatalC. diseases with obvious signs are easy to cureD. people tend to overlook hidden dangers caused by pesticides答案: D详解： D。推断题。本题关键在于正确理解Dr.Dubos 的评论。原句意为：人类很自然地最容易对那些具有征兆的疾病印象深刻，然而有些最致命的疾病却是慢慢地毫无察觉地击中他们的。据此句意，可以容易地推断出D)为正确答案。When a consumer find

35、s that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer's claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty( 保单 , or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it doe

36、s not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the "higher up" the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In

37、 such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favour, assuming he or she has a just claim.Consumers shoud complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.Complaining is usually most effect

38、ive when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question.If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, &quo

39、t;The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear" is better than "This stereo 立(体声音响 does not work."The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely

40、 and as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers,rights.26.When a consumer fi

41、nds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he should do is to _.A. complain personally to the managerB. threaten to take the matter to courtC. write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchaseD. show some written proof of the purchase to the store答案： D解析：答案 D.本题答案在原文第一句中可以找到。它的

42、大意是：当顾客发现他 (她所买的商品有毛病或在其他方面未达到制造商所声称的标准时，第一步就是将保单或其他有助于解决问题的记录这家商店看。所以D“向这家商店出示书面证明”，与原文相符，是正确答案。而A“当面向经理申诉”，是在第一步中问题得不到解决时才使用，所以它不是此题答案。 B“威胁将此事向法庭上诉 ”是在经理未能解决问题，写信给厂家也未能解决问题时才使用的方法，所以它也不是解决问题的第一步。 C“给商店写一封态度强硬的抱怨信 ”也是在第一步中问题得不到解决时才使用的。所以 A 、 B、 C 均不是正确答案。27.If a consumer wants a quick settlement o

43、f his problem, it's better to complain to_.A. a shop assistantB. the store managerC. the manufacturerD. a public organization答案： B解析：答案 B.此题源于第二段。作者认为许多消费者使用的简单而又常用的办法是直接向商店经理投诉。28.The most effective complaint can be made by _.A. showing the faulty item to the manufacturerB. explaining exactly w

44、hat is wrong with the itemC. saying firmly that the item is of poor qualityD. asking politely to change the item答案： B解析：答案 B.原文第四段的大意是：当顾客申诉商品有质量问题时，态度要坚定、有礼貌，特别是如果消费者当场演示就能最有效地达到申诉目的。不能当场演示时也要提出比较具体的质量间题。 A 、 C、 D 三项都是泛泛地说质量差、有毛病，而没能说出该商品哪一个具体的部位有毛病，所以都不是最有效的解决问题的办法。而B 项“准确解释商品哪里有问题”与原文相符，是正确答案。29.

45、The phrase "live up to" (Para. 1, Line 2.in the context means _.A. meet the standard ofB. realize the purpose ofC. fulfil the demands ofD. keep the promise of答案： A解析： 答案 A.live up to 所在句子的意思是： “当顾客发现他所购买的商品有毛病或在某种程度上没有达到制造商所声称的标准时 ， ? ”。B 项 “现实 (制造商所声称的目的 ”，句意不通 ;C 项“满足(制造商所声称的要求”;D 项“履行 (

46、制造商所声称的承诺”，C、D 两项均与原文意思不符。而A 项“达到( 制造商所声称的标准 ”正是原文所表达的意思，所以是正确答案。30.Tthe passage tells us _.A. how to settle a consumer's complaint about a faulty itemB. how to make an effective complaint about a faulty itemC. how to avoid buying a faulty itemD. how to deal with complaints from customers答案： B解析

47、：答案B.从全文看，作者向读者推荐了几种申诉伪劣商品的办 见可，法作者是站在顾客的立场上的。而A 、 D 两项是站在卖方的立场;C 项在文章中未提到，所以它们都不是正确答案。 B 项“如何有效地申诉有质量问题的商品 ”与原文意思相符是此题答案。What is exactly a lie? Is it anything we say which we know is untrue? Or is it something more than that? For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you, you sa

48、y: I wish I could help you but I'm short of money myself. In fact, you are not short of money, but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don't want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this really a lie?A scientific study of lying shows women are better lia

49、rs than men, particularly when telling a "white lie" such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks terrible. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researches show that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they have no intention of fulfilling.