The attributive clause 1定语从句1

1、定语从句 课题名称定语从句1 授课老师：教学目的掌握定语从句的根本用法关系代词或关系副词的选择；会判断先行词在从句中的成分教学重点教学难点定语从句主从句的划分；先行词的成分；合并句子组成定语从句；定语从句的翻译设计意图通过翻译句子掌握句子构造教学过程一三个概念1.定语从句：用来修饰某个名词、代词或整个句子的从句就叫做定语从句。2.先行词：定语从句所修饰的词就叫做先行词，它一般是由名词、代词或句子充当。3.引导词：引导定语从句的词就叫做引导词。引导词用以连接先行词与定语从句，引导词既有替代先行词的作用，又在从句中充当着一个成分。例：The boy who is singing at the st

2、age is only nine years old. 先行词 引导词 定语从句Anyone that is willing to help others is welcome to our group. 先行词 定语从句引导词二要点1.先行词与定语从句之间要有引导词有时可省略:做宾语且前面无介词2.关系代词应紧跟在先行词之后3.引导词代替先行词4.引导词在定语从句中充当某一成分三划分定语从句的主句和从句根本步骤：先确定引导词，1假设引导词前为一个词，那么先从引导词处断开，然后从后往前找到第一个谓语动词，在此动词前断开，那么中间部分为从句，其余部分组合构成主句。Eg1:The girl/ wh

3、o that is drawing/ is Jims sister. 主句：The girl is Jims sister.从句：The girl is drawingwho代替the girl,需复原Eg2:The man /whothat lives next door/ is friendly.主句：The man is friendly.从句：The man lives next door.who代替the man,需复原2假设引导词前为一句话即包含主谓宾，那么直接在引导词处断开，前面即为主句，后面那么为从句。Eg1:He is the man/ whomthat we saw yes

4、terday.主句：He is the man.从句：We saw the man yesterday.whom代替the man,需复原Eg2:A plane is a machine whichthat can fly.主句：A plane is a machine.从句：The machine can fly.which代替machine,需复原稳固练习：划分以下句子的主、从句 1.Check the ways that you study for an English test. 主：_从：_ 2.Another thing that I found very difficult wa

5、s English grammar. 主：_从：_ 3.You couldnt understand people who talked fast. 主：_从：_ 4.I have some ideas that may help. 主：_从：_ 5.They said something that you didnt like. 主：_从：_四引导词的选择关系代词: who/whom/that/which/whose 1.先行词是人时，关系代词用who/whom/that.1 who/that表主格，在从句中作主语: The girl who /that is drawing is Jims

6、 sister. 主：_从：_The man who/that lives next door is friendly.主：_从：_2 whom/that表宾格who可用于口语中可省略，在从句中作宾语:The boy whom/that we talked about will come.主：_从：_He is the man whom/that we saw yesterday.主：_从：_2.先行词为物时，关系代词用which/that.1 which/that作主语:A plane is a machine which / that can fly.主：_从：_Mary likes mu

7、sic which/that is quiet and gentle.主：_从：_2 which/that作宾语,可省略:The car which /that he bought was a second-hand one.主：_从：_The film which/that we saw last night was wonderful.主：_从：_3.whose：表所有格，作定语，先行词既可以是人，也可以是物The worker whose arm was broken was sent to hospital.主：_从：_The river whose banks are covered

8、 with trees is very long.主：_从：_总结： 成分先行词主语宾语定语人who、thatwhom、who、thatWhoseof whom物which、thatwhich、thatWhoseof which（5） 定语从句的翻译原那么：先划分主、从句，然后将从句放在所修饰的名词前翻译并且加一个“的字即可，关系代词可不予理睬；也可以将主、从句分开翻译。详细问题需详细分析，以翻译通顺、明了为主要原那么。1A Chinese who is called Mo Yan won the Nobel Literature Prize this year. 主A Chinese won

9、 the Nobel Prize in Literature this year. 译今年，一个中国人获得了诺贝尔文学奖。 从A Chinese is called Mo Yan. 译一个中国人叫莫言。翻译“今年，一个叫莫言的中国人获得了诺贝尔文学奖。或“今年，一个中国人获得了诺贝尔文学奖，他叫莫言。2The Diaoyu Island which is rich in all kinds of natural resources is an inseparable part of Chinese territory. 主_。 译_。 从_. 译_。 翻译_。3Gaokao is one of

10、 the important exams which will determine the fate of most of the students. 主_. 译_。 从_. 译_。 翻译_。4Do you know the man whom our teacher just talked to？翻译_5China is a country which has a history of more than 5,000 years.翻译_6The Communist Party is a political party which will make China a greater and mo

11、re powerful country.翻译_7"The Series of Transformers" which were made by Americans are very popular all over the world.翻译_（6） 稳固练习1.划分主、从句,并翻译1The girl whose father is a scientist is very good at physics. 主_. 从_. 翻译_2China is a country which has a history of more than 5,000 years. 主_. 从_. 翻

12、译_3He is a lovely boy who is loved by all the teachers and students. 主_. 从_. 翻译_4The Communist Party is a political party which will make China a greater and more powerful country. 主_. 从_. 翻译_5"The Series of Transformers" which were made by Americans are very popular all over the world. 主_

13、. 从_. 翻译_6Check the ways that you study for an English test. _7Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar. _8You couldnt understand people who talked fast. _9I have some ideas that may help. _10They said something that you didnt like._2.合成句子：将两句话合并成含有定语从句的一句话根本法那么：五步法找山寨产品进展调查第一步：

14、找，即找到两个简单句中一样的部分，该部分即为先行词。第二步：删，即删掉从句中的一样部分。第三步：代，即代替，将被删掉的部分用相应的关系词代替。第四步：调，即调整顺序，将关系词放在主句先行词之后，整个从句放在关系词之后。第五步：查，即检查整个句子是否准确无误。例题分析： Look at the photos. I took the photos on my trip.第一步：主句和从句中都有the photos。 Look at the photos. I took the photos on my trip.第二步：将从句中the photos删掉。 Look at the photos. I

15、 took _ on my trip.第三步：由于photos是物，故用which代替。 Look at the photos. I took which on my trip.第四步：将which放在主句photos后面，从句随其后。 Look at the photos which I took on my trip.第五步：检查整句是否无误。稳固练习1. I cant find the letter. The letter came this morning._2. Please give me the book. The book is about travel._3. This is

16、 the bag. My mother bought it last week._4. The house is made of wood. Jack built the house last year._5. He was talking with a lady. Her son was ill._6. The girl is called Mary. I saw her yesterday._7. She is a person. Everyone likes to make friends with her._8. He is a hero, and we are all proud o

17、f him._9. The house is Toms. Its door faces south._10.The reason is proper. He gave us the reason._3.翻译含定语从句的长句根本步骤：先找“的前面为一句话的“的字，“的后面的名词即为先行词。（1） 假设“的后面为一句话，那么将“的前后断开，前面为从句，后面为主句。然后复原先行词在从句的成分，按照合并定语从句的根本步骤进展。Eg1:正在画画/的/那个女孩是Jim的姐姐。. 主句：那个女孩是Jim的姐姐。The girl is Jims sister.从句：那个女孩正在画画。The girl is d

18、rawing.翻译：The girl who that is drawing is Jims sister.Eg2:住在隔壁/的/那个人很友好。主句：那个人很友好。The man is friendly.从句：那个人住在隔壁。The man lives next door.翻译：The man whothat lives next door is friendly.2假设“的后面为一个名词，那么将“的前面断开，然后往前找到第一个主语和谓语动词，在此主语和动词前断开假设先行词在从句中作主语，那么不需找主语；假设先行词在从句中作宾语，那么需找主语，那么中间部分为从句，将“的去掉后的其余部分组合构成

19、主句。然后复原先行词在从句的成分，按照合并定语从句的根本步骤进展。Eg1:他就是/我们昨天看见/的那个人。主句：他就是那个人。He is the man.从句：我们看见那个人。We saw the man yesterday.翻译：He is the man whomthat we saw yesterday.Eg2:飞机是一种/会飞/的机器。主句：飞机是一种机器。A plane is a machine.从句：一种机器会飞。A/The machine can fly.A plane is a machine whichthat can fly.稳固练习：先划分以下句子的主、从句，再合并成定语

20、从句。1. 你不能理讲解话快的人。主_。从_.合并_。2. 这是一本讲述宇宙飞船技术的书。主_。从_.合并_。3. 他正在使用的录音机是日本制造的。主_。从_.合并_。4. 跟你说话的那个人是一个科学家。主_。从_.合并_。练习：用定语从句翻译以下短语 一个叫做Tom的男孩 _ 教我们英语的老师 _ 昨天我妈妈给我的钱 _ 矗立在河边的楼房 _ 一位皮包被偷了的女士 _1先行词在从句中作主语实例展示 This book was left by John , who was here a moment ago . The teachers who are present at our class

21、 are all experienced ones . Here is the the mony that / which will be given to you . This is a book which tells about space rocket technology . This is the book whose cover is blue .= This is the book , the cover of which is blue.从句中主语是whose cover / the cover of which 仿写练习a.那些砍伐树木的人应该受到惩罚。who _b.无家可

22、归的人数量多达250,000人。who , as many as _c.不努力学习的学生不会通过考试的。who_d.她上周买的房子非常好看。which_2关系代词在从句中作宾语实例展示 This recorder whichhe is using is made in Japan . The man whom you spoke to was a scientist . = The man to whom you spoke was a scientist . The city which she lives in is far away .仿写练习a.这是我要照顾的小孩。whom_b.我的词

23、典被偷了，那是我爸爸在美国买的。which/ that _c.北京是中国的首都，它是一座美丽的城市。which_d.Jim是我的外教，从他身上我学到了很多东西。from whom_3用定语从句重新整理以下句子 Our class is a big family; It consists of 12 girls and 50 boys. Most of them are mainly from the countryside. Zhao Qiang is a kind-hearted boy. He is always ready to help others. He is such a goo

24、d boy that we all like him._课堂练习一、选择填空1. This is the dictionary mum gave me for my birthday. A. which B. what C. whose D. whom2. Shaolin Temple lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad. A. where B. which C. who D. what3. I like the music I can sing along with. A. w

25、hat B. that C. who D. why4. Jack, there is someone in the office would like to speak with you. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose5. The camel I rode had a bad temper, and I got very tired. A. that B. whose C. who D. where6. Last summer I went to Lu Xuns hometown and visited the house he was born. A. t

26、hat B. there C. which D. where7. The boy won the first prize is called Roy. A. when B. whom C. who D. which8. The man lives next to us is my English teacher. A. whom B. which C. who D. where二、用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1. The house _ we live in is very big.2. The boy _ is wearing the black jacket is very clever

27、.3. The man _ talked to you just now is an engineer.课后作业一、选择填空9-20属于定从2内容，暂不做1. Look at that lady name is Pochi.A. who B. whose C. whom D. that2. He is a teacher I like very much.A. whos B. whose C. / D. which3. Those pictures were drawn by Tom are nice. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which4. Those will

28、 go to the park stay here.A. who B. that C. whom D. whose5.The girl could sing well went to Europe.A. who B. whose C. whom D. Which6. The woman came yesterday is my mother. A.who B. whom C. whose D. which7. Is the American film you have seen interesting? A. who B. whom C. that D. when8.Have you foun

29、d the bike was lost? A. which B. whose C. when D. where9. That was all the money I had.A. which B. that C. whose D. whom10. Tom is the first boy left the room. A. who B. that C. whom D. whose11. This is the biggest ship Ive ever seen.A. who B. whom C. that D. whose12. You can read any book I have.A. who B. whom C. that D. whose13. This is all she said about itA. who B. whom C. what D. that14. Look at the