高三非谓语动词复习备课讲稿

1、高三非谓语动词复习一、非谓语动词重要句式归纳一、非谓语动词重要句式归纳1. I am pleased _(hear) that you are coming to Beijing. 2. I think it possible _(finish) the work this week.3. The question is too difficult _ (answer).4. The boy is not old enough _ (go) to school. to hear to finish to answer to go5. Its kind _(you, help) me.6. It

2、s important _(you, learn) English well.7. It took me about three hours _ (finish) my homework yesterday.8. I spent about three hours _ (finish) my homework yesterday.9. _(When and where, hold) the meeting hasnt been decided yet. of you to help for you to learn to finish (in) finishing When and where

3、 to hold10. Why not _(consider, go ) there by bike?11. I heard her _(sing) a song when I passed her room.12. The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from _(blow) the earth away.13. What (How) about _(play) basketball after school?14. The trees need _/ _(water).15. I have to get my bike _(repair). co

4、nsider goingsinging blowingplayingwateringto be wateredrepaired16. I wont / cant have him _(get) away with _(tell) people lies.16. Robert is said _ (go) abroad , but I dont know what country he studied in .17. Wed rather _(stay) at home. Wed rather you _(stay) at home. Look, how sad he is. Id rather

5、 you _(not, tell) him the truth. Id rather walk than _(take) a bus. / Id walk rather than _(take) a bus.gettingtellingto have gonestaystayedhadnt toldtaketake18. He prefers to read rather than _ (watch) television. He prefers swimming to _(ride) as a sport.19. Is this the way youve thought of _(make

6、) the water clean. 20. Sandy could do nothing but _ (admit) to his mother that he was wrong. Sandy had no choice / alternative but _ (admit) to his mother that he was wrong. watchridingto makeadmitto admit21. We are looking forward to _(hear) from you. 22. I worked so late in the office last night t

7、hat I hardly had time _ (catch) the last bus.23. Youve made great progress in your studies of English, havent you? Yes, but much remains _（do）.hearingto catchto be done24. _(consider) his age, the little boy read quite well.25. He cant help/ resist _(show) off his new car. (can not help but do /can

8、not but do忍不住；不得不)26. It is no use/ good / help _(cry).27. They had great fun/ a great time _ (play) in the water.28. You cant imagine what great trouble she had _(bring) up the four children.Consideringshowingcryingplaying(in) bringing29. There is no use _(cry) over spilt milk(Theres no use / point

9、 / sense)30. There is no _(know) what may happen. (There is no denying that )31. _ (give) blood if you can and many lives will be saved. 32. My watch is nowhere _ (find). I must have dropped it when I was on the bus cryingknowingGiveto be found二、非谓语动词的形式：二、非谓语动词的形式：(以动词以动词do为例为例)不定式： 一般式 _ 一般式的被动语态

10、_ 完成式_ 完成式的被动语态 _ 进行式_ to doto be doneto have doneto have been doneto be doing 现在分词： 一般式：_ 一般式的被动语态 _ 完成式_ 完成式的被动语态 _ 过去分词：_doingbeing donehaving donehaving been donedone 动名词： 一般式：_ 一般式的被动语态 _ 完成式_ 完成式的被动语态 _ doingbeing donehaving donehaving been done非谓语动词的否定形式：not置于非谓语动词的最前面。1Hes said _ (study) abr

11、oad, but I dont know what country he studied in. Hes said _ (study) abroad, but I dont know what country he will study in. Hes said _ (study) abroad, but I dont know what country he is studying in.to have studiedto studyto be studying2_ how to work out the problem, he turned to the teacher for help.

12、 A. Having not knownB. Not having known C. Never having knownD. Not to know3Mr. Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never driveB/CA4Weve never thought of _by the university. A. he not being accepted B. his not being accepted C. not his

13、being acceptedB三、非谓语动词的做题原则：三、非谓语动词的做题原则：考虑与逻辑主语之间的关系：主谓关系，现在分词，主动语态；动宾关系，过去分词，被动语态。当非谓语动词所表示的动作在主谓语动作之前发生，非谓语动词应用完成式，若与主谓语动词同时发生或正在发生，则应用一般式或不定式的进行体。不定式的一般式所表示的动作一般发生在主谓语动作之后。1Its said that the Olympic Games _ in Japan will cover more events than any other Olympics did. A. holding B. to be held C.

14、held D. to be holding2_ all my letters, I had a drink and went out. A. Finished B. Having finished C. Finishing D. To finishBB3_ nice and delicious, the fried chicken was soon sold out. A. Tasted B. Being tasted C. Tasting D. To taste4The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to

15、 the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smeltCB5_that it was going to snow, the climbers decided to put off their attempt on the highest mountain A. Having told B. Having been told C. Tell D. Telling6_ the distance was too long and the time was short, we decided not to drive

16、 to Florida A. Discovering B. To discover C. To have discovered D. DiscoveredBA7 Did you enjoy yourself last night? Its very nice of you. I appreciated _ to the party A. to be invited B. to have invited C. being invited D. having been invited9_with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean doe

17、s not seem big at all . A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When comparedC/ DD四、非谓语动词在句中充当不同成四、非谓语动词在句中充当不同成分的比较：分的比较：1不定式和动名词作主语的区别 1）动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。而不定式作主语表示具体动作，常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 _ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk

18、_(teach) the three children is my job this afternoon. _(drive) a car during the rush hour is tiring BTo teachDriving2）常用it作形式主语的句式： It is no use / no good + doing sth. / to do sth. It is + adj. + (for / of sb) to do It takes sb. some time to do sth. It takes sth. to do sth. It is a waste of time / m

19、oney doing / to do sth.3) 动名词的完成式不做主语，作宾语时可用一般式替换。He was accused of having stolen / stealing the car.2. 不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别 不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作；动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。两者都是解释主语的内容。分词作表语说明主语的性质特点。His wish is _(buy) a luxurious car in the near future What I would suggest is _(start) work at once.His hob

20、by is _(collect) stamps to buyto startcollectingTraveling is _(interest) but _(tire) They were very _(excite) at the news All she wants to do is _(go) shopping. interestingtiringexcited(to) go3不定式和动名词作宾语的区别 1) 有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语: acknowledge /admit承认advocate提倡，主张appreciate 感激，欣赏avoid避免cant help/ cant re

21、sist 忍不住consider 考虑dislike不喜欢，讨厌delay拖延deny否认 enjoy享有，喜爱 escape逃避 excuse / forgive原谅 finish完成 fancy幻想，爱好imagine设想involve卷入，包含 keep保持 mind 介意miss错过postpone延迟，延期 practise 练习 quit放弃；停止 risk冒险suggest建议 tolerate忍受（stand/ bear） permit / allow / forbid / advise sb. to do sth.; permit / allow / forbid / adv

22、ise doing sth. 下列动词短语后也只能接动名词做宾语： feel like doing sth. / would like to do sth. 想要做某事；insist on / upon; what / how about; put off; look forward to; devote to; get / be used to = get / be accustomed to; adapt to = adjust to; get down to/ settle down to; pay attention to; object to; contribute to;succe

23、ed in等。2) 有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别： forget / remember / stop / try / regret/ mean /go on / Dont forget _(post) the letter for me!I remember _（see）the man before，but I cant remember where. I regret _(not, apologize ) to her at that time. to postseeing/ having seennot having apologized/ apologizingI reg

24、ret _(inform) you that you didnt pass the driving test.After discussing the economy, the minister then went on _(talk) about foreign policy. Missing the bus means _(wait) for another hour.Lets try _(do) the work some other wayto inform to talkwaitingdoing 3) like /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具体行为；+do

25、ing sth 表示抽象，习惯性动作；如果这些动词前有should/ would，其后宾语只跟不定式。4) need/ want/ require/deserve doing / to be done My car wants _/ _(repair). Everyone deserves _/ _(respect).repairingto be repairedrespectingto be respected5) 接不定式和动名词作宾语均可，且没有大的区别的动词有：start, begin, continue等。6) 动词不定式在句中作宾语，如带有宾语补足语时，要先用it作形式宾语，而将该

26、不定式后置。 think / consider / find / feel / make + it + adj. / n + to do sth. I find it hard _(与他相处). He makes it a rule _(早起).7) 疑问代词、疑问副词 + 不定式常常用作动词或介词的宾语。例如： I dont know _(去哪儿度假). （spend）to get along with himto get up earlywhere to spend the holiday.4不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别 1)一般来说，不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作

27、之后；现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；过去分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 He will attend the meeting _(举行) tomorrow. (hold) The library _(修建) now will be open to the public. The bridge _(修建) three years ago is named after his father. to be heldbeing builtbuiltMost of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa.

28、A. invited B. to invite C. being invitedD. having been invited2) 不及物动词构成的不定式做定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不能省去。 I need a pen _(写字)（write）There is nothing _(担心)(worry)Ato write withto worry about3）被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或the only, the very等限定词时候，只能用不定式。 He is always the first _ (come) and the last _

29、(leave) He is the only / best / very person _ (do) the job.to cometo leaveto do 4）如果其动词要求用不定式做宾语，或者其形容词要接不定式做补语，则相应的名词一般用不定式做定语。如：ability/ effort / ambition/ failure / intention / decision / promise / tendency / wish等。 His wish _(上大学) came true（go） Their decision_(放弃) the experiment surprised us（giv

30、e） to go to universityto give up5) 现在分词作定语是表示正在进行，且有主动（doing），被动（being done）两种形式；过去分词一般表示被动表完成。 He rushed into the _(burn) house The room _(face) south is our classroom He is not interested in the subject _(正在讨论的). (discuss) The meeting _(举行) just now was boring. (hold)burningfacing being discussedh

31、eld6）少数不及物动词也以过去分词形式做定语或表语，但不具有被动意义。 His watch is gone./ fallen leaves / retired workers7) 动名词作定语说明名词的功能用途。 如：a sleeping car / a walking stickhe5不定式和分词作宾补 1）分析宾语补足语与宾语之间的关系：主谓关系 现在分词、主动语态；动宾关系 过去分词、被动语态The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself _(hear).We should keep them _(inform)

32、of what is going on here.I was sleeping when I heard someone _(call) my name/ my name _(call).ardinformedcallingcalled2)使役动词 have / get+ 宾语过去分词”的几种含义 意为“主语请别人做某事”。 Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentists.He wants to _(检查眼睛) tomorrow. (examine)Youd better go and _(洗一洗你的车).No, Ill do it myse

33、lf. (wash)have/ get his eyes examinedget / have your car washed意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”。 Be careful, or youll have your hands hurt. 当心, 否则会弄伤手的。 He _(钱包被偷了) on the way home. （steal） 意为“使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成。 He had all the spelling mistakes corrected. He had ten thousand yuan saved last year.ha

34、d his wallet stolen3) 表感官的动词后现在分词、过去分词与不定式作补语的区别： 四看：see /watch /notice /observe /look at两听：hear/ listen to一觉：feel I saw him _(下了) the bus.（get） I saw him _(被撞倒) by a car. （knock） I saw him _(坐在地板上) just now. （sit） 过去分词表被动不定式和现在分词表主动，但 (to) do强调整个过程-ing强调正在进行get offknocked downsitting4) 表示“意欲”的动词如:

35、like, want, wish + sth. + （to be）done I wish these letters (to be) typed as soon as possible. Id like the door _(漆成红色). （paint） He didnt want such question _(被讨论) at the meeting.（discuss）(to be ) painted red(to be ) discussed5) “with 宾语宾语补足语”结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语，或者做定语。The teacher came in , with a

36、book in his hand/ book in hand. (介词短语)She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.（介词短语） 她含着眼泪说了声再见He is used to sleeping with the window open/ closed. (形容词)He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.（副词） 他和衣躺在床上。With _(Tom领路), we got to the village smoothly. (lead)With his new book _(come) out, h

37、e will go to different cities. The prisoner was brought in with his hands _(tie) behind. He lay on his back with his hands _(cross) under his head, his eyes _(look) at the ceiling.With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly- elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to set

38、tle D. being settled Tom leading the wayto come outtiedcrossed lookingC6) 注意seat, dress, hide等习惯接反身代词的动词的用法The great hall was crowded with many people, including many children seated on their parents laps.I found a lot of people _(坐在教室的后面). （seat）_(穿着红色的衣服), she stood out from the other girls. seate

39、d at the back of the classroomDressed in red6不定式和分词作状语的区别 1) 不定式常常作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等。不定式位于句首只表目的。分词可作时间，条件，原因，方式，伴随，结果状语。 _(完成) his homework, he went to play basketball. (finish) He wrote letters to his friends, _(邀请他们参加) his wedding. (invite) Tom kept quiet about the accident _(为了不丢掉) his job.（lose）H

40、aving finishedinviting them to attend(in order) not to lose _(sleep) late, he turned off the alarm. How pleased I am _(meet) you here!His family was too poor _(support) himThe boy is not tall enough _(reach) the book shelf.He hurried to the school, only _(发现) there was nobody. (find) The bus hit a b

41、ig tree, _(kill) two passengers.All these gifts must be mailed immediately in time_for Christmas. (receive)To sleepto meetto support to reachto findkillingso as to be received. 2) 非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。非谓语动词与句子的主语构成主谓关系，用现在分词、主动语态；构成动宾关系，用过去分词，被动语态；如果强调在主谓语动词之前完成，需要用完成式。 _(give) more attention, the

42、trees could have grown better. He went out _(shut) the door behind him. _(catch) the early bus, he got up early. _(experience) earthquakes before, I wasnt frightened. GivenshuttingTo catchHaving experienced3) be lost in / be absorbed in / be buried in / be worried about/ be faced with / be surprised

43、 at等短语，如果作状语，直接用过去分词。 _(face) with difficulties, we must try to overcome them. _(担心) her childrens safety, she couldnt fall asleep. (worry) _(陷入沉思)，he almost knocked into a passing car. (lose)FacedWorried aboutLost in thought五、非谓语动词主动表被动1. I find your question _(很难回答). (answer)2. I am busy this morn

44、ing, for I have a lot of letters _(要打印). (type)3. I will do some washing this afternoon. Do you have any clothes _(要洗)？（wash）4. This museum is _(值得参观). (worth)difficult to answerto typeto be washedworth visiting六、独立结构以及分词的独立主格结构1. _(考虑到他的年龄)，he did a very good job. (consider)2. His wife was seriously ill, and _(使情况更糟的是)，he lost his job. (matter)3. China got 28 gold medals in the 28th Olympics, 20 of _ won by women.4.