直接引语变间接引语的转换

1、直接引语变间接引语的转换：（一）如何变人称：口诀：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如：She said. “My brother wants to go with me. ”She said her brother wanted to go with her.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称。如：He said to Kate.“How

2、 is your sister now?” He asked Kate how her sister was then.“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。如：Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a good worker.” Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker.（二）时态的变化 如果引述动词为现在时态，间接引语的动词可以保持原来的时态。He says, “I have been writing a novel.”-   

3、He says that he has been writing a novel.   He says:"that's all right."- He says that's all right.  如果引述动词为过去时态，间接引语中的时间就要往后推，即现在时间推至过去时间，过去时间推至过去的过去，将来时间推至过去将来时间。具体变化见下表：直接引语时态间接引语时态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时现在完成进行时过去完成进行时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时Can/mayCou

4、ld/might She said:"I am a student."-  She said (that) she was a student.(一般现在时变成一般过去时)She said："He will go to see his friend"-She said he would go to see his friend.( 一般将来时变成过去将来时)Tom said:"I am going to play basketball tomorrow." The teacher said, “You are do

5、ing OK.”       老师说：“你们干得很不错。”The teacher said we were doing OK.      老师说我们干得很不错。（现在进行时变为过去进行时）She said, “I am reading a book." I asked her, “Where have you spent your holiday?”  我问她：“你去哪里度假了？”I asked her where she had spent her holiday

6、.      我问她去哪里度假了。（现在完成时变为过去完成时）She said, “I went to Shanghai.”    她说：“我去过上海。”She said that she had gone to Shanghai.  她说她去过上海。（过去时变为过去完成时）He said, “I had finished my work before 10 oclock.” 他说：“我在十点钟前就完成工作了。”He said that he had finished his work before 10

7、 oclock. 他说他在十点钟前就完成工作了。（过去完成时不变） 注意以下几种情况：时态不变1.直接引语是客观真理。The teacher said, “The earth moves around the sun."- The teacher said the earth moves around the sun.2. 直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。Jack said:"I was doing chores when Tom came in."-Jack said he was doing chores when Tom came in.3. 直接

8、引语中有具体的过去的某年某月某日，变间接引语时，时态不变。Jack said:"I was born on April 21,1980"- Jack said he was born on April 21,1980.4. 直接引语是一般现在时，表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作时，变间接引语，时态不变。He said:"I get up at six every morning."- He said he gets up at six every morning.5.如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式或已经是过去时的形式，不用变。The doctor

9、 said ,"You should stay in bed for 2 days."- The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.（三）如何变状语。时间状语由“现在”变为“原来”直  接  引  语间  接  引  语now              现在then      

10、;        那时today             今天that day          那天this evening        今晚that evening      那天晚上yeste

11、rday          昨天the day before     前一天yesterday morning       昨天上午the morning before       前一天上午last night          

12、0;   昨天晚上the night before            前一天晚上two days ago           两天前two days before               两天前next week 

13、;            下周the next week/the following week 第二周tomorrow             明天the next day/the following day    第二天the day before yesterday 前天two days before   

14、;             两天前the day after tomorrow  后天in two days time/two days after   两天后 地点状语here变为there  “Well leave here tomorrow,” he said.     他说：“我们明天离开这里。”He said that they would leave there the ne

15、xt day.他说他们将在第二天离开那里。指示代词由“此”变为“彼”：this-that, these-thoseHe said:"This book is mine."- He said that book was his.动词come变成go（四）如何变换句型1.陈述句变为以that引导的宾语从句，that可以省略。如：He said,“I'm happy.”- He said （that） he was happy.2.一般疑问句，反义疑问句，选择疑问句变为由if或whether引导的宾语从句，翻译成“是否”如：He asked me,“Does his fa

16、ther know Mr Green?” -He asked me if his father knew Mr Green. 3.特殊疑问句变为由who, what, where, how等疑问词(连接代词或连接副词)引导的宾语从句，宾语从句必须用陈述语序。如：He asked me,“Where is Mr Wang?”-He asked me where Mr Wang was.（注：He asked me,“Which is the best?" She asked me:"What is in the classroom?" 4.直接引语如果是祈使句，间接

17、引语改为tell,ask,order sb (not) to do sth 句型，表示命令。如："Don't make any noise," the teacher said to the students. -The teacher told the students not to make any noise."Open the door,please," she said .-She asked him to open the door.5. 直接引语如果是Let's开头的祈使句，变为用“suggest +doing或+从句。如：

18、He said:"Let's go to the movies."-He suggested going to the movies.或He suggested that they should go to see the movies.练习一： 1. I don't know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, I'll tell youA. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If2. I don't know _ the day af

19、ter tomorrow.A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether he'll come3. Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended

20、5. I want to know _. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is lookingC. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after6. Do you know where _ now?A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live7. Do you know what time _? A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D

21、. the train leaves8. I don't know _. Can you tell me, please?A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two playersC. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are9. The small children don't know _.A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockingsC. where is the

22、ir stockings in D. what in their stockings10. I can't understand _.A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does meanC. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take2 Catherine said that she _

23、 to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been3 The students want to know whether they_ dictionary today. A. had B. has C. will have D. are4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may5 Linda said the moon_ round the ea

24、rth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled习题（二）1 Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that2 I don't know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where3 I hardly understand. _ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who4 She didn&

25、#39;t know_ back soon. A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be5. I don't know _ he still lives here after so many years. A. whether B where C. what D. when6. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening? A. what B when C why D how7. He asked me _told me the accident. A whom B

26、which C who D whose习题（三）1. They don't know _their parents are. A that B what C why D which2. Please tell me _what last year. A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked3. She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen is it B. whose pe

27、n it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it4. You must remember _. A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said5 Did you know _? A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after

28、6 Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing习题（四）1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. A. that B. how C. what D. if 2. I don't kno

29、w _ Mr. Green will come to see us. He will help us with our English. （杭州市） A. why B. when C. how D. where 3. We never know _ the old man is. They say he is a teacher. （鄂州市） A. what B. who C. which D. where 4. I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. （重庆市） A. that how B.

30、how that C. when that D. that when 5. Do you know _ ? I'm going to see him. Sorry, I don't know. （北京市海淀区） A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived 6. W here do you think _ he _ the computer? Sorry, I have no idea. （南京市） A. ; bought B. has

31、; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy 7. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _ this morning. （重庆市） A. what the matter is B. what is wrong C. what the matter was D. what wrong was 8. Where is Jack? He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but I'm not sure _

32、. （南昌市） A. that B. which C. where D. there 单项选择 1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take 2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been 3 The students want to know whether they_

33、 dictation today. A. had B. has . C. will have D. are 4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may 5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled 6. Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C.

34、when D. that 7 I don't know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where 8 I hardly understand._ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who 9. She didn't know_ back soon. A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be D. if he will come 10.I don't know _ he st

35、ill lives here after so many years. A. whether B where C. what D.when 11. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening? A. what B when C why D how 12.He asked me _told me the accident. A whom B which C who D whose 13.They don't know _their parents are. A that B what C why D which 14.Please t

36、ell me _what last year. A.where does your sister work B. where did your sister work C where your sister works D. where your sister worked 15.She asked me if I knew _ A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it 16. You must remember _. A. what your mother said B. wha

37、t did your mother say C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said 17. Did you know _? A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after 18. Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when

38、they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing 19. Could you tell me_? A .where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in 20.I want to know how long A.has he been back Bhas he come back C.he has been back Dhe has come back 21.Do you know ? Awhat

39、the news are Bwhat is the news Cwhat the news is Dwhat are the news 22.I don't know _ up so early last Sunday. A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got 23.He said _ there was going to be a meeting that evening. A.what B. if C.that D. how 按要求转换句型。1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy liv

40、ing in China? Could you tell us?（改写句子）Could you tell us _ Mr. Brown _ living in China?2. "Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（变为复合句） He asked me _ the girl _ some help3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子） _ Jim _Tom is a student.4. When does the train leave? I w

41、ant to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）I want to know _ the train _.5. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用notuntil改写) They _ go home _ they had finished their homework6. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句)Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday.1).How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me? (改为含有宾语从句的复合句) Could you tell me how _ _ on with his new classmates? 2).What is he doing th