供应链中的电子化观念

1、供應鏈中的電子化觀念QR: Quick Response1984, 主要是服飾業快速反應顧客需求解決庫存積壓和過期問題ECR: Efficient Consumer Response1992, 零售業，擴大QR觀念涵蓋供應商和製造商VMI/SMICPFR: Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and ReplenishmentCPFR: 協同規劃、預測和供貨1990代初， Wal-Mart 和 Warner-Lambert 開始新嘗試根據此觀念 VICS (Voluntary Interindustry Commerce Standards ) 發展CPFR

2、模型優點降低庫存降低缺貨增加營業額Develop front-end agreementCreate joint business planCreate sales forecastIdentify and resolve exceptionsCreate order forecastIdentify and resolve exceptionsOrder generationSource: Resolve / Collaborate On Exception Items Identify Exceptions for Sales ForecastCreate Join

3、t Business Plan Distributor Business Development ActivitiesManufacturer Business Development ActivitiesManufacturer Materials & Production PlanningCreate Sales ForecastCreate Order Forecast Identify Exceptions for Order ForecastResolve / Collaborate On Exception ItemsOrder GenerationProduce Prod

4、uctDelivery ExecutionOrder Filling / Shipment ExecutionDistributor ReceivingRetail StoreConsumer LongTermFeedbackPOS DataShort TermOrder / PODistributor Exception Triggers23456ProductUpdated Data for Exception ItemsException ItemsOrder filling feedbackManufacturer Exception TriggersFrozen ForecastKK

5、e ey y : :D Di is st tr ri ib bu ut to or r A Ac ct ti iv vi it ti ie es sE Ei it th he er r / / J Jo oi in nt t A Ac ct ti iv vi it ti ie es sMMa an nu uf fa ac ct tu ur re er r A Ac ct ti iv vi it ti ie es sB Bu us si in ne es ss s MMo od de el l - - S Sc ce en na ar ri io o B BException Items78Di

6、stributor Exception TriggersManufacturer Exception TriggersDistributor Decision Support DataManufacturerDecision Support DataPlanningForecastingReplenishmentDevelop Front-End Agreement19Order ForecastConstraintsException CriteriaException CriteriaDistributor Decision Support DataManufacturerDecision Support DataUnresolved Supply ConstraintsBusiness model: BSource: 觀念：例外處理雙方長期合作對合作達成承諾規劃合作的營運計畫預測雙方預測間的差異的解決供貨、訂單雙方訂單間的差異的解決精確的伙伴預測TimeSalesRetailer forecast too lowRetailer forecast too high階段性差異TimeSalesusing point-of-sales data to rapidly update forecasts for new productssha