高中英语运用 “三步法” 书面表达提升黄金法则

1、高中英语运用 “三步法” ，书面表达提升黄金法则本文将介绍如何通过简单的三个步骤快速写好一封申请信，希望考生能够举一反三，把适用于所有书信类应用文的这三个步骤运用到日常写作备考中。第一步：构思分段，规划全文。书信类应用文一般可以分为三段：首段介绍写作背景和写信目的;尾段根据情景，结合常识礼仪，客套总结全文。剩余的题目要求的内容全部写在第二段。若题目的写作内容要点中没有包括写信目的和客套结尾，考生都应该自行补充。以2019年英语高考作文为例，题目写作内容已包括“写信目的”，但没有要求考生写客套结尾，不过考生依旧是要牢记分段原则。这封申请信可以这样分段：第一段交待写作背景，表明写信目的;第二段个人

2、优势、能做的事情;第三段（自行增加）客套结尾，希望被录用。合理分段，统筹全文，避免走题偏题，让评卷老师对文章的结构一目了然，给评卷老师留下良好的整体印象。第二步：写好首尾，得心应手。首段开门见山，概括写作背景和写信目的。在原题中提取关键词作为该信的写作背景（李华暑假在伦敦学习，当地美术馆要举办中国画展），写信目的（申请做志愿者）。该段建议学生言简意赅，避免多余无关信息，并使用复合句整合背景和目的，突显写作水平。首段可写成：Im Li Hua， an exchange student furthering my study in London during the summer vacation

3、. Learning that a Chinese painting exhibition will be held in your art gallery， Im writing to apply for a chance to work as a volunteer.书信最后一段，一般根据情景使用一些客套性的语句，委婉地结尾。若题目给出的最后一个写作点不能作为书信的客套性结尾，学生可以结合书信开头以及礼仪文化，自行联想增加书信的结尾。本文是一封申请信，写作内容没有提出“希望被录取”等相关的客套结尾，学生应自行增加。根据常识和中国文化，结尾应该提出热切的盼望，希望自己能够被录用。可写为：（1

4、）I sincerely hope that my application will be taken into consideration. I promise I will spare no effort to undertake the task.（2）I would be more than grateful if my application could be favorably considered. I am convinced that I can perfectly live up to your expectations.书信类结尾通常可以分为三大类，提出希望和期盼（希望采

5、纳意见、给予帮助、收到回复等），表达感谢，表达祝福等。例如，建议信的结尾通常是期待接纳意见，咨询信和求助信的结尾通常是希望得到回复和帮助，申请信和求职信的结尾通常表达“申请获批准”的愿望，感谢信的结尾可以再次表示感谢等等。在考场作文中，文章的开头和结尾非常重要。在快速阅卷的情况下，文章的开头和结尾是评卷老师必读的部分，很有可能影响评卷老师对全文的评分，因此建议学生根据书信类常见话题，积累相关开头和结尾句型，避免语法错误，在考场上碰到类似话题时便可得心应手。第三步，紧扣要点，完成正文。审题、构思分段后，明确第二段正文写作内容应为“个人优势、能做的事情”，便可以着手完成全文了。写作时要紧扣题目给出

6、的这几个关键词，并尽量用英语翻译关键词，帮助评卷老师迅速了解第二段的思路。平时备考时，针对不同话题的书信，可以积累背诵相关词组和句型，考场写作时便可以高效调动素材，组词成句。申请信常涉及个人素质、能力等表达，相关积累如下：（1）喜欢、热爱、感兴趣：be fond of， be keen on， take / show interest in， be interested in， have a preference for;（2）掌握、了解、擅长：have some basic knowledge of， have a wide range of knowledge of， know somet

7、hing about， be equipped with the skills of， master sth.， have a good command of， have /show talent for;（3）能够、胜任：sb. be equal to sth.，sb. be competent / qualified to do sth.， sb. be capable of doing sth.， sb. be able to do sth.， sb. have the ability of（doing）sth.， sth. enable sb. to do sth.相关积累可以应用到本

8、次作文中：（个人优势）I have advantages over others since I am a boy with fluent English， which allows me to successfully communicate with the guests. Moreover， I am such an outgoing and patient boy that I will spare no effort to provide visitors with good service.（能够做的事情）Without doubt， with a good mastery of

9、Chinese art and culture， I am able to guide the guests to explore the essence of the display. My confidence and responsibility also enable me to be qualified as a volunteer who leaves visitors a good impression and helps build up a good image of the art exhibition.英语写作的目标不仅仅是写完一篇文章，而是写好一篇文章。在考场上，通过1

10、00字左右的内容，展示自己十几年的英语学习水平，需要备考的技巧和写作的效率。日常备考时，如果没有时间写完一篇文章，可以在脑海中构思如何审题和分段，对首段和尾段进行口头作文。根据书信首段目的，联想如何结尾，熟悉了开头和结尾的写作，考前便已经储备好了全文三分之二的写作内容，考试时便可以更加从容。熟记套路，高效训练，写作时便可以胸有成足，水到渠成。2022年高考英语写作指导及实战演练近几年作文的题材以写书信为主，这就需要学生对于书信格式及语言应用有所了解。主要写作文体有邀请信、通知、节日介绍、感谢信等。一历年高考题2016 邀请信（重阳节去敬老院）2017 书信（请笔友提供摄影作品）2018 邀请信

11、（参观剪纸展）2019 通知 （观看英语短片）2020 书信（告知队友球队将参赛）2021 My weekend pick apples二写作步骤（一）审题：题裁、关键词、时态（二）列提纲：开头：1、问候；2、自我介绍；3、写信背景；为什么会写这封信4、写信目的；写这封信想达到什么目的问候：How are you doing? / How is everything going?自我介绍：I am Li Hua, a 17-year-old boy currently studying in XXX middle school. / I am Li Hua, who.写信背景：I heard

12、that . / My teacher told me that./I am informed that.I learned that.我得知.I read in your newspaper/ micro-blog /website that.You said in your last letter that.写信目的：Now, I am writing to do sth.Now, I am writing this letter to do sth.Now, I am writing these few lines to do sth.中间段：1、题中要求的信息点 2、灵活使用过渡词，表

13、示列举和顺序的过渡词：firstly, secondly, thirdly, besides, then, for one thing, for another thing, etc. 表示时间过渡的词：now, suddenly, later, meanwhile, in the meanwhile, etc. 表示概括总结的过渡词：in a word, in conclusion, in short, to sum up, etc.结尾段：总结或期待（三）检查基础错误三、分类（一）邀请信邀请信包括宴会、舞会、晚餐、婚礼等各种邀请信件。要求叙事一定要清楚、明白，要写清楚三个方面的内容：1.

14、邀请对方参加活动的具体内容、时间和地点。2. 邀请对方的原因。3. 期待对方接受邀请。开头：Im writing to invite you to the lecture on Chinese handwriting.Now, I am writing to invite you to join/enjoy/suffer/experience the. (as our guest/ judge/ instructor).Its my pleasure/a great honor for me to invite you toI am pleased to invite you to atten

15、d./It's a pleasure for me to invite you to attend.My family and I would feel honored if you could come.I am writing on behalf of all the students of our department to invite you to give a lecture on.中间：描述具体的活动内容，如活动主题、意义、地点、时间、参加者和其它事项；Here are some details for the activities. To begin with, （活动

16、主题或活动目的，如：the theme of the contest is "human and the nature", which is undoubtedly not only entertaining but also instructive. ）Moreover, （活动的地点和时间，如it will be in room 501 from 2:00 to 5:00 on the afternoon of June 15th.） What's more,（活动人员，如： ten outstanding competitors will take part

17、in the contest.）Finally, （其他信息，如：if you need any further information, please call me at 44876655. ）There will be a _（内容）at/in _（地点）on _（时间）. The occasion will start at _（具体时间）. This will be followed by a _（进一步的安排）. At around _（时间）, _（另一个安排）结尾：I will be very happy if you come. Looking forward to your

18、 early reply.We hope that you can come and look forward to seeing you.Im looking forward to seeing your reply.I would be grateful if you could accept my invitation.We are sincerely looking forward to your coming. My schoolmates/family and I would feel much honored if you could make it.I would like t

19、o meet you at the school gate and please drop me a line or give me a call to let me know your decision soon. Thank you. 。We look forward to seeing you. 。We would be looking forward to your participation in the party.【写作模板】Dear_，There will be a_(内容)at/in_(地点)on_(时间)We would be honored to have you the

20、re with us.The occasion will start at_(具体时间)This will be followed by a_(进一步的安排)At around_(时间)，we will have _(另一个安排)I really hope you can make it. RSVP before_(通知你的最后期限)Yours sincerely，Li Hua高考真题赏析一（2017）书面表达（满分25分）假定你是李华，想邀请邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸（paper-cutting）艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1.展览时间、地点；2.展览内容。注意：1.词数100

21、左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【写作提示】1.本文为提纲式作文，体裁为书信。人称以第一人称和第三人称为主，以一般现在时和一般将来时为主体时态。2.文章要点：1)展览时间、地点；2)展览内容：中国传统剪纸艺术的历史和作品。第一段：简单自我介绍；说明写信原因；展览时间、地点a.自我介绍(IamLiHua.)；b.写信目的的(I'm writing to invite you.)；c.展览时间、地点(will take place.)第二段：介绍展览内容展览内容(many charming works, outstanding artists, a short lecture.)

22、第三段：因为感兴趣，所以值得去；约定见面时间、地点a.感兴趣，所以值得去(you are interest-ed in.)；b.约定见面时间、地点(Let's meet at.)【优秀范文】Dear Henry,I am Li Hua. I'm writing to invite you to pay a visit to the Chinese paper-cutting art exhibition, which will take place at nine o'clock this Saturday morning in the museum of our ci

23、ty.On the exhibition, not only will there be many charming works, such as human beings, animals, plants and flowers, but also some out-standing artists who will teach you the basic skills of paper-cutting. What's more, there will be a short lecture where you can learn the beginning, development

24、and achievements on Chinese paper-cutting.I know you are interested in Chinese traditional culture, therefore, it's really worthwhile to go. Let's meet at 8:30 at our school gate, shall we?Looking forward to your reply.假定你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院（nursing home）陪老人们过重阳节（the Double Ninth Festival）。请给外教露西写

25、封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：1.出发及返回时间；2.活动：包饺子、表演节目等。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.结语已为你写好。【写作提示】1.本文为应用文电子邮件的写作，属于提纲类作文。在写作时应使用第一人称，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。2.内容要点：（1）出发及返回时间；（2）在敬老院的活动：包饺子、表演节目等。3.首先，交代清楚写信目的。其次，给出当天的活动安排最后，告知出发及结束时间并征求对方意见。【精彩语句】We'll also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and pla

26、ying games, which we hope will make them happy.spend.(in)doing sth. 意为“花费做某事”，which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的整个主句。【优秀范文】Dear Lucy,Id like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival. It is the day for the elderly in our culture. Well go and make dumpling

27、s and cakes with the elderly people there. Well also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games, which we hope will make them happy. We should be back around 4 oclock in the afternoon. If you are able to come with us, please let us know and well wait for you at the school gate a

28、t 9 in the morning.Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua（二）通知书写时应注意以下三个方面：1.通知对方参加活动的具体准确的时间和地点；2.与该活动有关的注意事项；3.提醒对方准时到场。开头：In order to improve the students spoken Chinese and encourage them to read more Chinese classics, a Chinese Classics Reciting will be held in the school lecture hall.Now,

29、I am writing to tell you about the details.Ladies and gentlemen/Boys and girls，may I have your attention，please！Excuse me，everyone！I'd like to tell you that.I have an announcement to make.结尾：Everyone is welcome to participate in it.That's all. Thank you./Thank you for listening.常用短语及句型give a

30、 talk 做演讲give a concert 开音乐会hold a meeting/class/celebration 举办会议/开展一堂课/举行庆祝活动attend a meeting/sports meet/lecture 参加会议/运动会/讲座have a class/a meeting/discussion上课/开会/讨论show sb. around /visit a place 带领某人参观某地meet at the gate of 在的大门处见面go to a concert/the movies/the theatre/the cinema 去听音乐会/看电影There is

31、 going to be a talk on. 有一个关于的演讲。The meeting will be held in./A lecture will be given at.会议/演讲将会在举行。We are going to hold a discussion over. 我们将会就进行讨论。All the members are expected to attend it. 所有的成员都要出席。You are required to take notes during the lecture. 讲座期间，请做笔记。Please be there on time./Please atte

32、nd it on time. 请准时出席。【写作模板】1.口头通知Boys and girls/Ladies and gentlemen/Friends(称呼)，May I have your attention，please？I have an announcement to make._(事件)will be held_(地点、时间)The_(内容)All the teachers and students are required_(要求)That's all. Thank you.2.书面通知Date(通知发布日期)In order to_(目的)，_(事件)will be h

33、eld_ _(具体地点、时间)The_(事件大体内容)Those who_(要求)All are welcome to come.The School Students' Union(发布通知者)高考真题赏析（2018）书面表达（满分25分）你受学生会委托为校宣传栏英语天地写一则通知，请大家观看一部英语短片Growing Together，内容包括：1. 短片内容：学校的发展；2. 放映时间、地点；3. 欢迎对短片提出意见。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【写作提示】本文为提纲式作文，属于应用文中的书面通知。可采用三段三步写作法写作。第一步审题立意，布

34、局谋篇：审题确定主题、体裁、主要人称和主体时态。主题：在学校宣传栏“英语天地”发布邀请大家观看短片的书面通知；体裁：书面通知；人称和时态：以第一、二人称为主要人称，以一般现在时或一般将来时为主体时态。第二步确定、提炼和理顺要点，顺势承上启下，巧妙转折过渡，即注意段落之间、句子之间的衔接与过渡。结合要点文章可分三段来写。第一段：介绍短片内容 学校的发展；第二段：说明放映的时间和地点；第三段：表达愿望希望大家对短片提意见。第三步紧扣主题，遣词造句：紧扣主题组词成句，做到语言得体、准确无误,避免重复；遣词造句时，注意高级词汇、短语或句式的使用。【精彩语句】1.on behalf of代表take p

35、art in参加；参与feedback n.反馈at one's convenience在某人方便的时候2. It is a great honor to be on behalf of our school to inform you that we'll invite you to see an English short film named Growing Together, which is about the development of our school.(that引平宾活从句：which引导非限制性定语从句)【优秀范文】Notice 1Dear school

36、mates,It is a great honor to be on behalf of our school to inform you thatwe'll invite you to see an English short film named Growing Together. which is about the development of our school.We have arranged that the short film will be on show from 16:00 to 17:00 at our school theater tomorrow. Do

37、n't miss the chance of taking part in this collective activity.I do hope you can give us some valuable suggestions about the short film. Please give your feedback in time and contact us at your convenience.（2019）书面表达 (满分25分)假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友Chris球队近期将参加比赛, 内容包括：1. 比赛信息；2. 赛前准备；3. 表达期待。注意：

38、1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。写作提示1.本文是应用文。主要内容是告知队友比赛信息。2.文章的主体时态是一般现在时和一般将来时。人称以第一人称为主。3.文章可以分为三段。第一段是比赛信息：第二段是赛前准备：第三段表达期待。【精彩语句】1.in order to为了appreciate v.感激 keep in mind记住2.It will fall at 2 pm in our gymnasium, where about 1,000 students from the two schools will come to watch.(where引导非限制性定语从

39、So we plan to practice together in the gym this Wednesday and Thursday, lasting from 4pm to6pm.(本句使用了现在分词短语作伴随状语)【优秀范文】1.Dear Chris,I am very pleased to inform you that we will have a friendly match with the volleyball team of Guangming Middle School next Monday. It will fall at 2 pm in our gymnasiu

40、m, where about 1,000 students from the two schools will come to watch.In order to provide the students with a fantastic match, we need to have enough training. So we plan to practice together in the gym this Wednesday and Thursday, lasting from 4 pm to 6 pm. I would appreciate it much if you could p

41、articipate in it on time.This is a friendly game, so we should keep in mind the principle of friendship first. Of course, we are looking forward to winning the game. I am sure we can realize it with our effort together.2.Dear Chris,Im writing to let you know that we will have a volleyball match next

42、 month. The match will take place in our school gym on the morning of July 8th. We will play against a team from Lingnan High School. For good performance in the match, we must get fully prepared and practice hard. So starting tomorrow, we all need to train for two hours after school every day. In a

43、ddition, we should avoid getting hurt during the training and have a healthy diet to keep fit.Youre an excellent player. With you on the team, we have every hope of beating Lingnan. Lets try hard together!（三）求职信求职信是写信人就某一职位向收信人提出请求的信件。求职信的语言属于正式用语，要用词简洁准确，语气礼貌自信，所给信息要具有可信度。通常包括三部分内容：1. 要阐述清楚招聘信息的来源与

44、所申请的职位。2. 简述个人信息。3. 强调自己的能力并请求给予面试机会。I wish to apply for a position of which you advertised in today's newspaper. 我想申请你们今天报纸上刊登的广告中的一个职位。I have learned from a friend that. 我从一个朋友那得知I shall be glad to provide you with any further information concerning my education and personal experience. 我很乐意提供

45、关于我的教育及个人经验方面的更多信息。My name is.I graduated from.university in.，majoring in.我的名字是。我毕业于大学，专业是I am confident my professional knowledge has prepared me to handle the job. 我相信我的专业知识能让我胜任这份工作。I am skilled in/good at. 我擅长I had good performance in every course，especially in. 我每门课成绩都很好，特别是I trust that I am ca

46、pable of doing the work well. 我相信我能干好这份工作。I believe that I am well qualified for the position as. 我相信我定能胜任作为的工作。【写作模板】Dear Sir or Madam，I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in_(报纸名称)of_(广告发布时间)Not only do I have the qualifications for this job，but I also have the ri

47、ght personality for a_(工作名称)On one hand，_(第一个原因)On the other hand，_(另一个原因)Should you grant me a personal interview，I would be most grateful. If you need to know more about me，please feel free to contact me at any time at_ _(电话号码)Thank you for considering my application，and I am looking forward to me

48、eting you.Yours sincerely，Li Hua【优秀范文】优秀范文：假定你是李华，你看到某跨国旅游公司在中山市当地招聘暑期工的广告，你想利用高考结束到大学入学前这段时间去打工。于是你写一封求职信申请该职位，要点如下：1. 年龄：182. 毕业学校：中山市一中3. 电子邮箱：lihua19984. 相关工作经验。注意：1. 词数100左右。2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好。Dear Manager,I have learned from your advertisement that you are in need of a tour gui

49、de. I have the intention of finding a part-time job in your company during this summer vacation.Im Li Hua, a boy aged 18 and I have just graduated from Zhongshan No. 1 Middle School. Therefore, I can speak fluent English as well as standard Chinese.Besides, I once worked as a tour guide for a month

50、and was highly praised for my good service and have rich experience. Young and energetic, Im keen on traveling. Grown up in this city, Im familiar with many beautiful places in Zhongshan. Thus, Im convinced that Im qualified for the job.Once hired, I would be very grateful and I would devote myself

51、to the post. Please email me at:lihua1998.Look forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Li Hua（四） 建议信建议信是向别人提出合理的建议，让对方接受自己的想法、主张，解决有关问题。建议信不是投诉信，观点要合情合理，注意礼貌当先。同时，建议信要简洁明确、理由充足，具有合理性和说服力。通常包括：1. 说明写信目的。2. 提出建议与改进措施并给予忠告。3. 表达希望采纳建议并期盼回复。I am writing to express my views concerning. 我写此信来表达我关于的观点。You ha

52、ve asked me for my advice about.，and I will try to make some conducive suggestions. 对于你来信问我关于的事，现提供几条有益的建议。I think it will be a good idea/more beneficial if you could. 我认为是个好办法/有利的。It's important to./It helps to.It should be a good idea to. 很重要/有帮助/是个好主意。I am writing to put up some suggestions c

53、oncerning. 我提出几条有关于的建议。Please take good consideration of my advice. Thanks. 请仔细考虑我的建议，谢谢。I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions/recommendations helpful/useful. 希望这些建议对你有帮助。【写作模板】Dear_，You have asked me for my advice with regard to_，and I will try to make some conducive suggestions here.In

54、my humble(谦虚的)opinion，you would be wise to take the following actions：_(建议的内容)I hope you will find these proposals useful，and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you to further details.Good luck with your_(祝愿)Yours sincerely，Li Hua【优秀范文】：假定你是李华，最近你们班从英国转来了一名新生Jenny。这是她第一次远离家乡，她很想念父母及家人，有时候思

55、念至深，常常独自一个人深夜哭泣。对此，请你给Jenny写一封建议信，要点如下：1. 鼓励Jenny坚定求学信念，志存高远，四海为家。2. 就Jenny的目前状况，提两到三个建议。注意：1. 词数100左右。2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好。Dear Jenny,I am so glad to have a talk with you. I understand your present situation for I have had a similar experience before.People often miss their parents the first time they leave home. Most people do have to leave home for higher education or employment. I think you should realize that present separation will help with your academic development and your improvement of personal ability. Try to make friends on your school campus, and share idea