[名校联盟]甘肃定西市渭源县第二中学高三英语《定语从句》课件

1、第 一 讲第 一 讲一、宾语从句概念复习：一、宾语从句概念复习：Complete the complex sentences with the given sentences 用所给的句子完成下列复合句：用所给的句子完成下列复合句：I dont know whose article was published?I dont know whose article was published.I want to know What has happened to him?I want to know what has happened to him.Can you tell me Did you

2、see any good films?Can you tell me if/whether you saw any good films?I have no idea which school were you at last year?I have no idea which school you were at last yearI believe His story is true.I believe that his story is true.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，用所需变为宾语从句，用所需疑问词疑问词引导引导宾语从句。疑问词宾语从句。疑问词有相应的有相应的疑问疑问意义，

3、意义，在宾语从在宾语从句中句中作一定的句子成分。作一定的句子成分。陈述句陈述句变为宾语从句，用变为宾语从句，用thatthat引导宾语从引导宾语从句句, , thatthat只引导从句，只引导从句，无任何词汇意义无任何词汇意义，不不在宾语从句中在宾语从句中作任何成分，作任何成分，thatthat可以省可以省略略。whose谁的谁的一般疑问句一般疑问句变为宾语从句，用变为宾语从句，用if/whetherif/whether引引导宾语从句；导宾语从句；if/whetherif/whether意为意为“是否是否”，不不在宾语从句中在宾语从句中作任何成分作任何成分。1. The teacher ask

4、ed him which lessons were hard.2. These dictionaries are all useful. I really cant decide which I should choose.3. Please try on these jackets and see which is fit for you.在上面这些复合句中，在上面这些复合句中，which引导宾语从句，意为引导宾语从句，意为“哪个，哪些哪个，哪些”。句句1.中中which在宾语从句里作在宾语从句里作定语定语，修饰修饰lesson;句句2.中中which在宾语从句里作在宾语从句里作choose

5、的的宾语宾语；句句3中中which在宾语从句里作在宾语从句里作主语主语。which引导宾语从句时，意为引导宾语从句时，意为“哪个，哪些哪个，哪些”。在宾语从句里作在宾语从句里作定语、宾语、主语定语、宾语、主语。that 引导宾语从句时，引导宾语从句时，只引导从句，只引导从句，无任何词无任何词汇意义汇意义，不不在宾语从句中在宾语从句中作任何成分作任何成分。Make sure _ the electricity is turned off and the windows are shut.We have to decide today _ computer we should choose.A.w

6、hat B. whichC. thatD. it引导宾语从句时引导宾语从句时that和和which不能互相替换不能互相替换1. They finally found out who had taken Johns money.2. Tell me who you decide to marry.3. You should try to remember who you lent your dictionary to.在上面这些复合句中，在上面这些复合句中， who引导宾语从句，意为引导宾语从句，意为“谁谁”。句句1.中中who在宾语从句里作在宾语从句里作主语主语句句2.中中who在宾语从句里作

7、动词在宾语从句里作动词marry的宾语的宾语句句3.中中who在宾语从句里作介词在宾语从句里作介词to的的宾语宾语二、定语从句二、定语从句1. A good friend is someone who helps me in need.好朋友就是在患难中帮助我的人。好朋友就是在患难中帮助我的人。 从句从句who helps me in need作定语，修饰限作定语，修饰限定前面的代词定前面的代词someonesomeone。作。作定语定语的从句叫的从句叫作作定语从句。定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或者被定语从句修饰的名词或者代词叫做代词叫做先行词。引导定语从句的代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的代词

8、叫做关系代词做关系代词关系代词关系代词whowho代替先行词someonesomeone， 引导定语从句，在定语从句中作主语。先行词在定语从句中作主语时不能省先行词在定语从句中作主语时不能省略，从句谓语与先行词保持人称和数的一略，从句谓语与先行词保持人称和数的一致致1. The number of people who/that learn English as a foreign language is more than750 million.把英语作为外语学习的人数有七亿五千多万。把英语作为外语学习的人数有七亿五千多万。2. A pen friend, or pen pal, is so

9、meone (whom/who/that) you often write letters to. 笔友就是你经常给其写信的人。笔友就是你经常给其写信的人。who/thatwho/that指代先行词指代先行词peoplepeople, ,引导定语从句，在引导定语从句，在从句中作主语从句中作主语。关系代词在定语从句中。关系代词在定语从句中作主语，作主语，不能省略，从句谓语与先行词保持人称和数的一不能省略，从句谓语与先行词保持人称和数的一致致。(whom/who/that)指代先行词指代先行词the boy,the boy,引导定语引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语从句，在从句中作宾语。关系代词在定语从

10、句中。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略，作宾语，可以省略，即使省略了也不能再用即使省略了也不能再用人称代词代替先行词作宾语。如不能说：人称代词代替先行词作宾语。如不能说：A pen friend, or pen pal, is someone you often write letters to. him.指 代 人主 语宾 语关系代词who/thatwhom(who/that)关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，不能作主语时，不能省略，从句谓语与先行词保持人称和数的省略，从句谓语与先行词保持人称和数的一致。一致。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以作宾语时可以省略省略，即使省略了也不能再用人称代词

11、代即使省略了也不能再用人称代词代替先行词作宾语。如不能说：替先行词作宾语。如不能说： A pen friend is someone you often write letters to. him.The lesson (that/which) we can learn from Chuck is that friends are teachers.Many people want to visit places that/which are famous, interesting or beautiful.许多人想游览著名有趣秀丽的地方。从查克身上汲取的教训是朋友是老师。learn a le

12、sson from sb从某人身上汲取教训从某人身上汲取教训that/which指代先行词指代先行词the lesson,引导定语从句引导定语从句，在从句中在从句中作宾语，可以省略。作宾语，可以省略。此句不能说成此句不能说成:The lesson (that/which) we can learn it from Chuck is that friends are teachers. it fromthat/which指代先行词指代先行词places,places,引导定语从句引导定语从句，在在从句中作主语从句中作主语。关系代词在定语从句中。关系代词在定语从句中作主语，作主语，不能省略，从句谓

13、语与先行词保持人称和数的一不能省略，从句谓语与先行词保持人称和数的一致致。I live in a room whose window faces south.1. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were cold and wet, started crying.我住在一个窗户朝南的房间里。Its window faces south.whose代替形容词性物主代词代替形容词性物主代词its，引导定语从句，引导定语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰限定其后的名词，不能省在从句中作定语，修饰限定其后的名词，不能省略。略。whoseIts2. Next I ca

14、lled a travel agent whose telephone number I fouund in a newspaper.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，不能作主语时，不能省略，从句谓语与先行词保持人称和数的省略，从句谓语与先行词保持人称和数的一致。一致。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省作宾语时可以省略略，即使省略了也不能再用人称代词代替即使省略了也不能再用人称代词代替先行词作宾语。先行词作宾语。关系代词关系代词主主 语语宾宾 语语定定 语语指代事物指代事物that/which(that/which)whose指指 代代 人人who/that( whom/who/that)whos

15、e逗号后和介词后绝对不能省略关逗号后和介词后绝对不能省略关系代词，并且绝对不能用系代词，并且绝对不能用that代替代替物主代词物主代词哪个关系代词用途最少？哪个关系代词用途最少？哪个关系代词用途最广？哪个关系代词用途最广？The boy with whom John spoke is my monitor. Betty, who has never been abroad, is studying English very well.We took a few bottles of water, some apples and oranges, which we put into my bag

16、.The camera with which I took the picture of the embracing was very good.1. Check is a businessman _ always so busy that he has little time for his friends.A. who are B. who is C. which is D. is2. He is a successful manager in a company _ mail all over the world.A.that sends B. that sendC. which sen

17、dD. sends3. Chuck develops a friendship with a unusual friend a volleyball _ he calls _ Wilson.A. who, itB. /, / C. that, it D. /, it4. A good friend is someone _ happiness and sorrow with me.A.who shareB. who sharesC. shares D. whom shares根据题意，这位商人总是很忙。关系代词指代根据题意，这位商人总是很忙。关系代词指代单数名词单数名词businessmanb

18、usinessman，在定语从句中作主语，在定语从句中作主语，定语从句的谓语应该和先行词保持人称和数，定语从句的谓语应该和先行词保持人称和数，所以用三单形式所以用三单形式isis，不能用，不能用areare，排除，排除A A；关系；关系代词指人，不能用代词指人，不能用whichwhich，排除，排除C;C;关系代词作关系代词作主语时不能省略，排除主语时不能省略，排除D D。根据题意，公司寄送邮件。关系代词指代根据题意，公司寄送邮件。关系代词指代companycompany，在定语从句中作主语，所以定语从，在定语从句中作主语，所以定语从句的谓语应该和先行词句的谓语应该和先行词companycom

19、pany保持人称和数保持人称和数的一致，用三单形式，不能用动词原形，排除的一致，用三单形式，不能用动词原形，排除B B、C C；关系代词作主语时不能省略，排除；关系代词作主语时不能省略，排除D D。根据题意，他把排球叫做威尔逊。关系代词指根据题意，他把排球叫做威尔逊。关系代词指代物，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略，即使代物，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略，即使作宾语的关系代词省略了，它作宾语的事实是作宾语的关系代词省略了，它作宾语的事实是存在的，不能再用人称代词代替先行词作宾语，存在的，不能再用人称代词代替先行词作宾语，以免造成宾语的重复，所以排除以免造成宾语的重复，所以排除A A、C C、D D

20、。根据题意，这个人分享我的快乐分担我的痛苦。根据题意，这个人分享我的快乐分担我的痛苦。关系代词关系代词whowho指人，在定语从句中作主语，不指人，在定语从句中作主语，不能省略，排除能省略，排除C C，且定语从句的谓语和先行词，且定语从句的谓语和先行词someonesomeone保持人称和数的一致，用三单形式，保持人称和数的一致，用三单形式，故排除故排除A A；whomwhom不能作主语，排除不能作主语，排除D D。Fill in the gaps with who/whom/that/which1. The earthquake _ shook the city in 1906 was th

21、e biggest in the American history.2. We dont know the number of people _ lost their homes.3. The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.4. The house _ is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake.5. Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake.6. People _ stud

22、y the earthquakes think that there will be another bigger one soon.thatwhichthatwhichthatwhichwhomwho thatwho thatwho thatThe eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday.The eggs (that/which) I bought yesterday were not fresh.The friend wasnt hungry. He came to supper last night.The friend who came

23、 to supper last night wasnt hungry. He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parents farm.He prefers the cheese (that/which) comes from his parents farm.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them.The noodles (that/which) you cooked were delicious.Join these pairs of sentences using who/ that/ which

24、单句改错：单句改错：1. The boy came to supper was very hungry.2. The man who grow vegetables has grown rich.3. The woman I met her in the market was at school with me.4. The food I cooked it was delicious.5. The tomatoes were on the table were green.6. The eggs I bought them yesterday were not fresh.7. The pa

25、ncake I ate was too dry.8. The man he sells vegetables lives next to us.9. A fish has a bright eye is fresh.Many people want to visit places that are famous and interesting.These pictures remind me of the places where I spent my childhood.许多人想游览名胜。这些照片使我想起我度过学生时代的地方。These pictures remind me of the p

26、lace where I grew up.这些照片使我想起我成长的地方。where代替先行词，引导定语从句，在定语从代替先行词，引导定语从句，在定语从句中作地点状语。句中作地点状语。where可替换为可替换为in/at whichI spent my childhood at these places.当定语从句不缺主语，不缺宾语，只缺状语时当定语从句不缺主语，不缺宾语，只缺状语时用关系副词引导定语从句用关系副词引导定语从句。先行词指地点用。先行词指地点用where，指时间用，指时间用when，先行词是，先行词是reason则关系则关系副词用副词用why。whereat which语法填空：语

27、法填空：1. Is this the first school _ you studied?2. Is this the first school _ was rebuilt after the 512 earthquake?3. A storm hit the park _ he keeps dinaosaurs.4. A storm hit the biggest park _ he built to keep dinaosaurs.A. which B. that C. where D. there语法填空：语法填空：1. 1958 was the year _ he worked on

28、 his first film.2. 1958 was the happiest year _ he spent working on the farm. A. which B. that C. when D. then3. The reason _ he didnt go to school was that his family was too poor.4. I wont listen to any reason _ youll give for not doing your homework.A. which B. that C. why D. because1. I found so

29、me photos of interesting places that/which were not too far away from chengdu.2. My parents live in a house that/which is more than 100 years old. 3. My parents live in the house where I was born.4. My parents live in the house which was built last year.5. My parents live in the house which I built

30、last year.高一英语定语从句盘点：高一英语定语从句盘点：1. A good friend is someone who makes me happy.2. There are more than 40 countries where the majority of people speak English.3. In china students learn English at school as a foreign language, except for those in Hang Kang, where most people speak English as a first

31、or second language.4. Do you know any other words that are borrowed from other language?5. Yet there are other reasons why people travel.6. The basic equipment you need for hiking is simple: good shoes, clothes and a backpack.7. A raft is a small boat that you use to paddle down rivers and streams.高

32、一英语定语从句盘点：高一英语定语从句盘点：1. If you want a normal rafting trip, choose a quiet stream or river that is wide and has few fallen trees and rocks.2. Whitewater rafting is done on rivers and streams where the water moves quickly. 3. Eco-travel is a form of travel that combines normal tourism with learning.4.

33、 Before she could move，she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.5. She looked at Jeff, who was waving his arm.6. She looked around behind her. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing toward her.7. Jeff was standing, holding on to a tree that grew against the wall.高一英语定语

34、从句盘点：高一英语定语从句盘点：1. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were cold and wet, started crying.2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep. 3. The garden that was so beautiful was completely desdroyed, swept away by the wild water.4. I live in a room whose

35、 window faces south.5. I found some photos of interesting places that/which were not too far away from chengdu.6. Next I called a travel agent whose telephone number I fouund in a newspaper.7. He told me that I could go on a two-day trip to Leshan and Emei, which wasnt too expensive.高一英语定语从句盘点：高一英语定

36、语从句盘点：1. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress (that/which) I gave her.2. The man whose leg broke in a match used to be a football player.3. The family (that) Im staying with lives in town.4. I know the student whose article was published.5. Betty, who has never been abroad, is studying English

37、very well.6. My parents live in a house that/which is more than 100 years old.7. The boy with whom John spoke is my monitor.8. We took a few bottles of water, some apples and oranges, which we put into my bag.高一英语定语从句盘点：1. The athlete to whom you talked is a famous runner. 2.The people want leaders in whom they can believe .3. Roger , with whom I travelled to Tibet in the summer ,become my best friend soon after that .4. Do you know the girl with whom the man talked just now. 5. Th