(人教版)八年级下册复习提纲

1、八年级（下）英语知识讲解AUnit 1I. 词汇·more，less，fewer ·I dont agree. = I disagree. ·I agree (agree with sb). ·in five years（五年之后） on computer ·on paper ·besides ·on vacation ·many different kinds of ·no more ·be free ·live in ·as a reporter ·free t

2、ime ·fall in love with ·like doing sth ·keep a parrot·look smart ·be able to do. ·Are you kidding?/ come trueII. Grammar:·一般将来时 语法小结：一、一般将来时1用be doing表示将来：主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于位置转移的动词。 如：go，come，leave，arrive等，也可用于其他动作动词。We are having fish for dinner. We are movi

3、ng to a different hotel the day after tomorrow.这种用法通常带有表示将来的时间状语，如果不带时间状语，则根据上下文可表示最近即将发生的动作。A: Where are you going? B: I am going for a walk. Are you coming with me?A: Yes，I am just coming. Wait for me.2用be going to do表示将来：主要意义，一是表示“意图”，即打算在最近的将来或将来进行某事。Are you going to post that letter? How long i

4、s he going to stay here?I am going to book a ticket.另一意义是表示“预见”，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。Its going to rain. George is putting on weight; he is going to be quite fat.3. 用will/ shall(用于第一人称I,we) do表示将来,是最常用的：You will feel better after taking this medicine. Do you think it will rain?二、There be结构1. thereb

5、e结构中的be是可以运用各种时态的。 There will be a meeting tonight. 今晚有个会议。 There was a knock at the door.有人敲门。 2. 动词be单复数形式要跟there be之后的真正的主语一致。并且要根据就近一致原则来变换be的单复数形式。 There is a pen and two books on the desk.课桌上有一个钢笔和两本书。 There are two books and a pen on the desk.课桌上有两本书和一个钢笔。 三、课文难句解析1. Will people use money in

6、100years? 一百年后人们还会使用钱币吗？1) in 100 years 在100年之后 “in+一段时间”常用在将来时态中egI'll come in an hour. 我一小时后来。I'll see you again in three days. 三天后我再见你。2. There will be less leisure time空闲时间会更少。1) leisure time 空闲时间 egWhat do you do in your leisure time? 你空闲时间做些什么？3. I think there will be more pollution 我认

7、为将会有更多的污染产生。1) think后跟的是宾语从句，且宾语从句是there be句型的一般将来时，结构为“there will be+物+其他成分”。eg I think it will rain tomorrow. 我认为明天会下雨。2) pollution表示“污染”，用作不可数名词。4. I don't agree 我不同意。agree在本句中作动词，I don't agree是一句交际用语，表示“不赞成某人或某人的观点”，如果表赞成，则为I agree。1) 表示“同意某人意见”时用agree with sb，该短语不能用于被动语态。eg Did you agre

8、e with him? 你同意他的意见吗?2) agree后还可以接不定式，不接动名词，表示“同意做某事”。egThey agreed to leave tomorrow afternoon他们同意明天下午动身。5. What do you think Sally will be in five years? 你认为萨莉5年之后将会是什么样子? 此句中的do you think是插入语，其后接的宾语从句必须用陈述句语序。eg Which book do you think she will like? 你认为她会喜欢哪本书?Who do you think did it? 你认为是谁干的那件事

9、?6. I went to Shanghai last year and fell in love with it. 我去年去了上海，并且喜欢上了这座城市。3) fall in love with是“喜爱；爱上；与相恋”的意思。7. I can't have any pets because my mother hates them. 我不能养宠物，因为我妈不喜欢他们1) because在这句中用作连词，引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”。注意在英语中because不能和so同时使用。8. I'll probably go skating and swimming every da

10、y. 我会每天都去滑冰和游泳。1)go doing sth. 结构，表示“去做 go skating 去滑冰go swimming去游泳go shopping去买东西 go fishing 去钓鱼 go boating 去划船2) every day与everyday区别：every day表示“每天”，通常与一般现在时连用；而everyday表示“日常的，每天发生的，每日所用的”，是形容词。例如： egI get up at six every day. 我每天6点起床。He wears everyday clothes today.今天他穿一身便服。9. During the week I

11、ll look smart，and probably will wear a suit在工作日里，我会看上去很精神，也许会穿一身套装。1) during表示“在期间”，during the week是介词短语，意为“在工作日里”。 2) look表示“看上去”，用作连系动词，其后接形容词作表语。egThat dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。3) wear表示“穿”，表示状态，用一般现在时表示经常状态. She is wearing a new coat put on是“穿上”，“戴上”的意思，强调动作egShe put on a red coat and went

12、 out. 她穿上红色大衣出去了。 注意：put on是一时的动作，不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用。他整天戴着草帽。 误：He puts on a hat all day. 正：He wears a hat all day. 11. What do you think the weather will be like tomorrow? 你认为明天的天气怎样?1) What's the weather like? 是询问天气怎么样，相当于How is the weather？Unit 2   What should I do? 【单元目标】1重点单词单词与短语1.wa

13、nt sb. to do sth.2.play ones stereo3stay at home 4.argue with sb5.be out of style6.write sb a letter/write to7.talk about8.on the phone 9.surprise sb.10.pay for 11.get a part-time job 12.borrow sth. from sb.13. ask sb. for sth14.have a bake sale 15.find out16.be upset17.call up18.the same as 19.get

14、on well with sb. 20.return sth.21.have a fight with sb. /fight with sb/ 22. fromto23.drop off24.prepare for25.after-school clubs 26.be used to27.fill up28.take the middle road 2目标句型： 1. What should I do? 2. Why dont you?3. You could do sth 4. You should do sth 5. You shouldnt do sth.3、重要短语和表达法(Key W

15、ords)1） either   adv.（用于否定句）也 too 也（用于肯定或疑问句）2）except 除以外；（不包括在内） besides除以外；（包括在内） 3）get sb. to do  使做（以人为对象时，有“说服使做”的含义） He could get a tutor to come to his home. 他可以请一位家庭教师来他家。 4）ask sb. to do  邀请（人）做 5） tell sb. to do让某人做某事  例如： 6）be in style   时髦的，流行的 4、课文解释1、

16、call sb. (up) =give sb. a call   给某人打电话2、write sb. a letter = write a letter to sb.    给某人写信3、give him a ticket to a ball game.给他一张观看球赛的入场券4、find out （研究、努力的结果）发现，查出，找出5、Everyone else in my class was invited except me.句中else一词不能单独使用,必须跟在不定代词像“someone, anyone nobody”等词的后面， 6、

17、I cant think what I did wrong.  我真想不出我做错了什么。(宾语从句陈述语气)7、Im very upset and dont know what to do.我很沮丧，不知该干什么。8、You left your homework at home.你把你的作业落在家里了。Leave sth. +介词短语，是“把忘在，落在（某处）的意思。9、You should try to be funny.  你应该试着幽默一些。Try to do努力做，试着做，尽量做 而try not to do  是尽量不做10、Their school d

18、ays are busy enough.  他们的学校生活是够忙的。Enough作副词必须放在形容词/副词的后面,表示“足够的”，而作形容词放到名词前面后面均可。 eg. He is tall enough to reach that apple. 他足够高的可以够着那个苹果。11、be under too much pressure.  在太多的压力下12、see other children doing a lot of things    看别的孩子在做许多事  see sb. doing  

19、60; 看见某人正在干某事 see sb do sth 看到某人做某事（事情的全过程）13、find it hard to do sth.  发现做（事）很难 He found it hard to learn math well.  他发现学好数学很难Unit 3      What were you doing when the UFO arrived?【单元目标】1重点短语1.get out (of)/get into2.in front of / in the front of 3.take off4.buy sth

20、 fo sbr 5. land on6. shout to / at7.run awaye in9.hear about /of 10.happen to11.take place12.stop doing（停止做某事）/to do(停止做某事，又去做另一件事)13.as. as 14. think of/about sth2目标句型：1. What were you doing when.? 2. I was doing sth. when. 3. How about. / What about.? 4. What happened next?5. While sth./sb. w

21、as doing sth., I did.3. 重点词汇 1)cut v切；剪；割 cut (ones)hair   理发2)while conj当的时候；在之时3)right adv正好；恰好；在右边 adj. 正确的；右边的4)surprised adj惊奇的；吃惊的5)anywhere adv到处；无论哪里（用于否定句和一般疑问句中）6)happen 发生 (不及物动词) sth. happen to +名词 发生于身上7)at the doctor's 在诊所；在医院 在表示诊所、店铺或某人的家时，经常用名词所有格的形式。Mr. Cools = M

22、r. Cools clothes store at Jasons = at Jasons storeShe is staying at Mary's她住在玛莉家。 I want to go to the tailors.  我想到裁缝店去一趟。4词语辨析 1)、in front of 与in(at) the front of in front of  在的前面 （表示“有距离的前面”，在一个参照物的前面） e.g.: There is a car in front of the house.  房子前日面有一辆车 in(at) the front of&#

23、160; 在的前头，前排（列）（在一个范围内的前面部位） eg. She sat in the front of the bus.  她坐在公交车的前排 2)、be amazing与be amazed be amazing 令人惊奇的（修饰事物的，指某事令人惊奇，比surprising更具意外性 be amazed (at sth./to do /that 从句)（某人）对(因而)大感惊讶(指人作主语) 3)、be surprising与 be surprised 同amazing/amazed4)、in a tree(在树上)与 on a tree （长在树上）5)、the fli

24、ght（名词） to New York 与 fly（动词） to New York 6). look for  寻找（强调找的“过程”） find 找到（强调找的“结果”） 5.课文解释： 1). I followed it to see where it was going follow sb. to do sth. 跟随去做 2). say to sb.  对某人说话     say to oneself  自言自语 3). It was difficult to get out of bed.  从床爬起来很

25、难。 It is difficult/hard/easy to do sth.  做某事很难。 4). be killed  被杀害  be destroyed by  被摧毁 5). walk home together in silence  沉默着一起走回家 in silence  状语（状态） 6). Not all events in history are as terrible as this. Not all  并不是所有的（部分否定） Unit 4He said I was hard-working【单元目

26、标】1单词与短语first of all /pass on/ be supposed to do/ do better(well)in(=be good at) /be in good health report card /get over/open up /care for/have a party for sb./be mad at sb2目标句型：直接引语与间接引语3.词汇学习 1)not anymore adv再；还（用于否定句） He doesn't come here anymore2)However+形容词 adv无论如何 He can answer the quest

27、ion however hard it is不管问题有多难他都能回答。 3)get mad 变疯；变得着迷 get+形容词4)get over 恢复，克服困难 Can we get over this difficulty? 我们能克服这个困难吗? 4.重点句型分析 1). bring some books to her house.   给她带来一些书 bring sth. to   从（远处）带来，拿来（到近处） 而其反义词为：take to  “从（近处）拿（走）到（远处） eg. Could you bring some water t

28、o me? Please take the chair to Jims room. 2).pass this message to sb.将这个消息(信息)传给某人 pass sth. to sb 把某物传递给某人 eg. She said she would pass the dictionary to Tom. 5.课文解析1). I finished my end of year exams last week.我上周结束了期末考试。 finish sth. (doing sth.) 2). I had a really hard time with science this semes

29、ter. 这学期我的科学学科学得的确不好。 3). Its not right to copy others homework. 抄袭别人的作业是不对的。  Its right for sb to do 4). She said it was much better if she din her own work. much +比较级，意思是“得多” 5). Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not sound like fun to you. 在甘肃省一个贫困

30、的山村里教中学学生在你听起来可能不算什么有趣的事。 此句中may+ 动词原形，表示“可能” /sound like +名词，意思为“听起来像” 6). Every year they send 100 volunteers to teach in Chinas rural areas. 每年他们都往中国的乡村地区派100名志愿者去教书。 send to 派，送到 7). Her village was 2000 meters above（在上面） sea level.  她的村庄位于海拔2千米。 8). the thin air made her feel sick  ma

31、ke sb. do 使某人干某事（此处只能用动词原形，不能+to） 9). I can open up my students eyes to the outside world. 我能开阔学生们的视野，把他们带到外部世界。 10). I cant do anything about that. 我对于那件事无能为力。 6.词语辨析 1. hard working 与work hard 前者是形容词，可作表语、定语；如：a hard-working student ; He is hard-working. 后者是一个动词短语，“努力工作”hard 是副词，修饰动作work.  eg

32、. Alice works hard. 2. forget to do 与forget doing 前者是“忘记做”(to do 表示将来的动作) 后者是“忘记曾做”(通常与will, shall, never连用) Unit 5If you go to the party，youll have a great time!【单元目标】单词与短语All the time/in order to do/have a party /go to college/be famous for /in fact/ too much/get exercise /travel around the world

33、/work hard /wear jeans/get an education /get(=be )injured/go back home(=return home)/laugh at sb 句型结构1. If you do, youll 2. Im going to 3. Dont you want to ? 4. Dont you think ?重点难点分析1. too much 和 much tootoo much 后接不可数名词，意思是“太多了（数量多）”；much too后接形容词，意思是“太（程度深）” 2. be famous for 和 be famous asbe famo

34、us for表示“因而出名”， for后接表示出名的原因；be famous as则表示“以身份而著名”，as 后接职业、身份或地位，表示作为职业、身份或地位是著名的，如：France is famous for its fine food and wine. 法国以其佳肴和美酒著名。France is famous as a romantic country 法国作为一个浪漫的国家而出名。3.reasons for becoming a professional athlete  赞同成为一名职业运动员的理由for   prep. （表示赞成、支持），其反义词为

35、against   prep. 反对，与对抗注意：介词后面用名词或动词ing的形式5.begin the story  with the words.以这些话开头讲这个故事。 begin with “以开始6. take away 运走，取走 12. make a living谋生 13. make money  挣钱 7. let in 允许进入，嵌入 .课文详解1. For many young people, becoming a professional athlete might seem like a dream job.might

36、 (表示可能性，推测)  might do 或许，说不定（一般表示比may 较低的可能性）seem like+ 名词 好像，似乎2. You'll be able to make a living doing something you love. 你能做你喜欢的事来谋生。 be able to +动词原形，“有能力做某事”3. You'll have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are.你将很难知道谁是你真正的朋友。who your real friends are是一个宾语从句，

37、它作knowing一词的宾语，这是一种“特殊疑问词+陈述语序的”宾语从句。 e.g. I dont know where he is from.我不知道他来自哪里。特殊疑问词+陈述语序 Can you tell me how old he is? 你能告诉我他多大吗？how old he is是宾语从句。.词语辨析1.get to 与arrive  get to 与arrive均为“到达”之意。get to后面接名词，e.g. get to Shanghai/New York但“到达这里/那里”则为get here/ get there。因为here和there为副词，所以它们前面不

38、加to。arrive是不及物动词，它后面不能直接跟名词，必须与介词in(+大地点)/或at(+小地点)连用之后+名词。 “到达这里/那里”则改为arrive here/ there “到家”则为”arrive home”因为here, there, home均为副词，所以不加in/at。2. join和take part in join与take part in均为“参加”之意，是动词但join后面跟一个组织，政党，社团，团体等，“参加并成为其中一名成员”eg. join the Party  入党 join the League入团另外，join sb.  是“参加到某人

39、的行列”之意eg. Wont you join us in a tennis match?   你不想参加我们网球比赛吗？take part in （动词短语）指参加（某种活动）eg. Are you going to take part in the discussion?  你要参加讨论吗？He took part in the speech competition?  他参加了演讲比赛。Did they take part in that meeting last Monday? 他们上周一参加那次会了吗？Unit 7Would you mind turni

40、ng down the music? 【单元目标】重点短语not at all /turn down/right away /wait in line/cut in line/keep down/at first/break the rule/put out /put on /pick up/even if 目标句型：1. Would you mind doing? 2. Do you mind doing?3. Could / Can / Will / May you please do?4. Would you mind not doing?5. Not at all. Ill do it

41、 right away.6. Sorry，Ill do it right away 7. Please do / dont 8. Youd better do重点句型1. get的用法get on / get off ( a / the bus，train，boat，plane) 上/下（公共汽车、火车、船、飞机）如：he got on / off the bus quickly.get on还可以表示为：相处融洽、继续。如：Get on with your work! 继续工作吧！ I get on well with all my classmates.get的其它的用法：(1)表示“到达

42、，抵达”，如果后接表示到达某地的名词，get后面要接介词to，如果get后接的是地点副词就可以直接在get后使用。 如： She got there at six. (2)get sth. done使；受；让人做好；经历；让；做（该做的事） 如： I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll come. 我得把盘子洗了，然后就来。 I must get the television fixed. 我必须请人修理一下这台电视机。(3)get与宾语+形容词连用，其意思是“使某物/某人成为” 如： I got my feet wet.

43、 我把脚弄湿了。It's time to get the kids ready for school. 该给孩子们收拾好去上学了。 (4)get+形容词 成为 如： The food's getting cold. 菜凉了。(5)获得，取得 如： I must get some fruit in the market. 我得在市场上买点水果。Unit 8Why dont you get her a scarf? 【单元目标】单词与短语fall asleep /give away /rather than /hear of /suggest/take an interest in

44、/make friends with/take care of /fall asleep/rather than/give away目标句型：1. What should I get for sb?2. How abou/What aboutt sth./doing sth.? 3. How do you like sth.? 4. Theyre too expensive/cheap/personal 5. Great! /Good idea!/OK. Ill get/buy6. My best gift is 7. Its good for sb. to do 8. It can make

45、 sb. 9. Tooto结构10. Why dont you do sth?.=Why not do sth?【重点词汇】1. improve 作不及物动词，表示“改进，改善” 例如： His work is improving slowly.也可作及物动词，表示“使某物改进，改善”。例如：He studies harder to improve his English. 他更加努力提高英语水平了。2. remember v. 记住，记起 I cant remember your name. remember doing sth表示“记得做某事”；动名词doing具有完成的意义remembe

46、r to do sth表示“记住去做某事”；不定式to do表示未做的动作3. tooto，这个短语虽然是肯定的形式，但是表达的是否定的意思：“太以至于（不能）”。如：He is too old to work. 4. spendon sth在上花（时间或金钱） spend(in) doingsth.花(时间或金钱等)做某事。Sth cost sb +钱 ; pay for 5. instead 代替，替代 作副词，常放在句首或句末Its too hot to walk，well go swimming instead. 太热不宜散步，我们改去游泳。instead of后跟名词、代词或动名词，

47、表示“代替，而不是”。例如：Hell go to Italy instead of France. 他要去意大利而不去法国。8. increase 增加，增大，增多常用短语： increase by 增加了 increase to 增加到10. enough意为“充足，足够”enough作副词，可用于修饰形容词、副词、动词等，通常置于被修饰语之后。This room is big enough for five of us to live in. 这房间给我们5个人住够大了。enough还可作形容词，用于修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，置于名词前或后均可。【重难点分析】3. When did J

48、oe get it? On his sixth birthday.(1)on ones birthday表示“在某人的岁生日时”，要用序数词。(2)介词on表示“在具体的某一天或某一天的上、下午”。 On Sunday morning4. Is it someone in your family?是你家里的什么人吗?句中it用来确指身份不明的人。5. The movie was boring，I fell asleep half way through it.(1)boring表示“令人厌烦的”和物连用，bored表示“厌烦的”和人连用6. In the USA，some people ask

49、 their families and friends to give money to charity rather than buying them gifts. 在美国，一些人要求他们的家人和朋友把钱捐给慈善机构而不是给他们买礼物。(1)本句中两个to，第一个to为不定式符号，后为动词原形，第二个to作介词。例如：The teacher asked me to take the books to the classroom老师让我把书拿到教室里去。7. People dont need to spend too much money. 人们不需要花费太多的钱。(1)need在本句中作实义

50、动词，表示“需要”，有人称、数和时态的变化，其后常接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。need表示“必须”，还可作情态动词，没有人称、数和时态的变化，接动词原形作谓语，直接加not构成否定形式。只用在否定句和疑问句中。 例如：I neednt finish that work today.我今天不必把那项工作做完。Need you go right now?9. Twenty-four singers from across China recently competed by singing a number of popular English songs来自全中国的24名歌手最近通过唱若干首

51、流行英语歌曲来比赛。a number of表示“许多，大量，若干”是量词词组，其后只跟可数名词。10. If there were new words in a song，I looked them up in the dictionary. look up表示“(在词典、书籍中)查找”。按照英语习惯用法，“查字典”为look up the words in the dictionary，不说look up the dictionary。【词语辨析】1. spend，cost，take，pay表“花费” (1)spend的主语必须是“人”，spend money/time on sth spe

52、nd money/time (in)doing(2)cost的主语必须是“物”或“事”，sth cosr sb +钱 (3)It takes/took sb some time to do sth(4)pay for 3receive与accept两者都做“收到”讲，但具体含义有所不同。(1)receive的意思是“接到”“收到”“受到”。它指“接”“收”的动作或事实，并不包含接收者本人是否“接受”的意思。(2)accept的意思是“接受”“领受”“承认”“接纳”。指经过考虑，同意或愿意接受强调“收到”的结果是“接受”了。Unit 9Have you ever been to an amuse

53、ment park? 【单元目标】单词与短语have a great time/take a ride/end up/on board /exchange student/take a holiday/three quarters all year round/haveproblem(in) doing sth./be close to /think of/about doing sth. /argue with sb/for example / ask for表示“要求，请求”/hear of/get along(on) with 目标句型：1. Have you ever been to?

54、 Yes，I have. /No，I havent.2. I/He/She has / have never been to 3. Where have you been?4. Where do you want to go? 5. What do you like best about doing sth.? 6. What kind of job do you want?8. How do/did you do sth.? 9. How do you spell your name?重点词语1. have been to表示“到(去)过某处”，现在已不在那个地方。have gone to表

55、示“去了某处”，“到某处去了”，现在已不在说话的地点了。2. time1)n. U 时间，时候 2)n. (多用复数)时代 如：He is one of the best actors in modern times.他是现代最好的演员之一。 3）n. 次；倍 如： three times 注意：作“倍，次”，必须用于“三次（倍）”以上，一、二次（倍）用once，twice表示。 3. attract (1)用作及物动词，可直接跟名词或代词作宾语。(2)attract常用于be attracted to sb / sth结构，意为“喜爱某人或某物”。4. onethe other表示“(两者中

56、的)一个另一个”，该短语是代词短语，强调两个当中的一个另一个。I have two sister. One is a doctor, and the other is a teacher. 5. mean(1)mean作及物动词，意为“意思是，意味着”。+名词/doing(2)mean意为“意思是”，还可跟that引导的宾语从句。例如：The teacher meant that you must listen carefully in class.老师的意思是你上课必须认真听讲。(3)mean还可意为“打算，意图”，后跟动词不定式作宾语。例如：I dont mean to hurt you.

57、 .重难点分析1Have you ever been to a water park?No，I havent.Me，neither.(2)副词ever意为“曾经，以前，无论何时”表示一个不确定的时间。主要用于否定句、疑问句、条件句、比较句等.Have you ever been to Paris? 你曾去过巴黎吗?(3)本句中Me，neither. 是口语化的简略回答。一般情况下用Neither have I，为“neither + 系/助/情态动词+主语”结构，neither在此意为“也不”，表示主语所做的动作与前面提到过的人或事相同，是为了避免语言重复，其中的系/助/情态动词在时态上与前一句保持一致，而在数上要与其后的主语一致。例如： I cant swim. 我不会游泳。 Neither can I. 我也不会。(4)若在肯定句中表示“也”，则要用“so +系/助/情态动词”。I am a student，so is my sister. 2. All the houses