离心机说明书(新版)

1、卧式沉降离心机Direction for Using Horizontal Settling Centrifuge说 明 书河北华北石油机械化工有限公司沧州机械设备制造分公司«Huabei Oil» Mechanical & Chemical orporation LTD. Province Hebei Chanzhou Mechanical Equipment Manufactory Blanch Company目 录一、概述 1 二、主要技术参数 1 三、主辅机结构及工作原理 1 四、安装和操作规程1 安装1 2操作前的检查 2 3启动操作 2 4停机操作 2

2、5注意事项 3 6维修保养 3 7常见故障及排除方法 3 8随机配件表 4 五、附图纸（5张）一、概述LW 型沉降离心机是钻井液处理的关键设备之一，可分离大于5m 的固相，有效地解决旋流装置不能分离超细有害固相的问题，迅速恢复钻井液比重等性能参数，是实现科学打井的可靠保证。二、主要技术参数表 三、主辅机结构及工作原理（见图2）1、主机由主驱动电机、液力偶合器、三角带轮、转筒等组成，辅机由辅驱动电机、行星差速器、三角带轮、螺旋输送器等组成。采用离心沉降法进行分离。工作时转筒与螺旋输送器在行星差速器速差的作用下同方向不同速度旋转，叶片将转筒内壁的固相刮至底流嘴处排出机体外。2、转筒大端有8个溢流孔

3、，分离过的液相由此排出返回到循环罐中，8个溢流孔有可调挡板用来控制转筒沉降深度。在转筒小端分布28个底流嘴，分离出来的固相经底流嘴排出转筒外。3、离心机工作时钻井液通过进液管进入螺旋输送器，通过离心力的作用紧贴滚筒内壁成固相层（见图3）。四、安装和操作规程1、安装1.1离心机应水平而牢固地安装在2号循环罐顶上或其他合适的位置，使收回的底流或溢流有足够的时间进行充分的搅拌，这一点对于加重水基泥浆回收加重材料尤为重要。1.2如果要求回收底流排除溢流，应将溢流管伸入循环系统中搅拌良好-1-的罐内，将底流槽伸向废浆池。1.3在离心机控制箱外应另装电源开关，不能用离心机的控制箱作为主电源开关。2、操作前

4、的检查2.1离心机的检查：旋转体周围有无影响主机运转的物体。 2.2三角皮带张紧情况及各护罩紧固有无松动现象。2.3用手转动主电机三角皮带轮，要求转离心机二圈，手转动时是否有卡的现象，手感若有阻力，应检查主机找出其原因。2.4检查进浆管分流阀打开否，必须在启动时分流阀在全开位置。 2.5检查清水源是否有水，以便粘度在40秒可加5%8%的水，有助分离效果及使用完及时清洗。2.6如果长时间没有使用，使用前应检查离心机双级行星差速器的机械油是否充足, 打开丝堵应看到油流出，若不足可补充30#-机械油。 3、启动操作3.1首先合上电源总开关及泵的电源开关。3.2先启动辅驱动电机，待运转平稳无其他异常杂

5、音30秒后可以动主驱动电机，观察运转情况是否正常（若有异常首先停主驱动电机，后停辅驱动电机）。 3.3打开进液管的分离阀，启动供液泵（图4），根据工作情况，调节分流阀的分流量，增减进浆量。 4、停机操作4.1关闭供液泵电源，停止供液，关闭分流阀和供液阀。4.2打开清水闸门向机内供水进行清洗，持续5分钟左右停机。停机期间，清水继续注入机内3分钟左右再开机运转，重复上述过程23次，以彻底清除内腔杂物。-2-5、注意事项5.1进液流量不得超过60m 3/h。否则，会引起离心机过载，使安全销剪断或离合器滑脱。5.2如果钻井液粘度过高，必须在进液泵流中加入清水稀释，降低粘度，防止液相从底流口涌出。5.3

6、冬季零度以下使用离心机时，停机后应彻底放净各连接管线内的钻井液和清水以防结冻，打开检查孔检查机内有无积水。5.4在运转中不允许打开上箱或皮带护罩，勤检查主机轴承座温度以及溢流底流的排出状况。5.5未经培训的人员严禁使用离心机。6、维修保养（见图1）6.1在滚筒两端有四个黄油嘴，运转100小时应注入一次2号锂基黄油。 6.2行星差速器一般采用双曲线机械油润滑，箱体上有两个磁塞可作为加油孔使用(图56.3首次使用，行星差速器在运转150小时后应彻底更换机油，以后1000小时更换一次, 每150小时清洁磁塞上的吸附物, 油位面按45°水平加满为最佳状态。6.4液力偶合器内一般加入经8010

7、0目过滤的20号或30号透平油，一般7.5升即可，油位经常检查，如低于护罩上的油位线，应及时加油补充。7、常见故障及排除方法原因：（1）清洗不干净，使离心机运转不平衡；（2）减振块老化失效。 排除方法：（1）彻底冲洗滚筒内腔；（2）更换减振块。原因：由于进液量过大使机内固相颗粒沉积过多，主机超载，使行星差速器-3-安全销剪断或离合器脱开，螺旋输送器停转。排除方法：（1）清洗滚筒内固相颗粒，调整进液量；（2）更换相同规格的安全销； （3）重新安装好离合器。原因：（1）进液量过大，使偶合器过载；（2）底流斜槽中固相流动太慢，堵塞了滚筒小端上的底流喷嘴引起过载；（3）偶合器内油量过多或油不合规格。排

8、除方法：（1）调整进液量，清除滚筒内的固相颗粒；（2）冲洗底流喷嘴，在斜槽上加水稀释；（3）检查偶合器内的油位，更换不合格的工作油。八、随机配件表序号 名称规格型号单位数量1 主机皮带根2 辅机皮带根3 差速器油封 35×52×10 个4差速器油封95×120×12 个型密封圈 386.5×393.5×3.5 个型密封圈 136.5×143.5×3.5 个型密封圈 91.5×98.5×3.5 个8安全销7×40个地址：沧州市新华区工农路41号电话传真：031

9、7-2579220邮编：061000 -4- 图1-5- -6- -7-图3 离心机工作原理 图4 供液泵-8-9- 磁堵图5 行星齿轮差速器Contents1 Brief Description1 2 Main Technical Parameters1 3 Structures of Main and Auxiliary Machines and Their Operation Principle.1 4 Installation and Operation Specification.11 Installation . 12 Inspection Before Operation. 23

10、 Start-up . 24 Shut-down . 25 ers Needing Attention. 36 Maintenance . 37 Constant Faults and Their Debugging. 38 Matching Part List. 41 Brief IntroductionHorizontal settling centrifuge, type LW 450-842 N ,is one of key equipment for treating drilling fluids and removing solid phase particles greater

11、 than 5m and solving the problem that cyclone device cannot separate detrimental ultra-fine solids and for recovering drilling fluid weight and proving a reliable measure for scientific drilling. 2 Main Technical Parameters 1. The main machine consists of main actuating motor, liquid coupling, trian

12、gular belt wheel and rotary drum; the auxiliary machine consists of secondary actuating motor, planetary compensating gear, triangular belt wheel and spiral conveyer. They are performed by means of centrifugal settlement separation. The rotary drum and spiral conveyer rotate in the same direction at

13、 various rate of the gear. Solid phase on the inner wall of the rotary drum are scraped with blades to the underflow openings and drained out of the centrifuge body.2. The separated liquid phase is released with 6 spout holes at the large end of the drum and reversesin a circulating tank. The holes

14、are equipped with adjustable baffle plates for controlling the settlement rate. The separated solid phase is drained out of the drum through 20 underflow nozzles located at the small end of the drum.3. Drilling fluid gets into the spiral conveyer when running the centrifuge and a layer of solid phas

15、e is formed on the inner wall of the drum (Fig.2.4 Installation and Operation Specification1、Installation1.1 The centrifuge should be mounted horizontally and firmly on the top of the-1-circulating tank 2 or at other suitable locations so that the recovered underflow oroverflow is agitated in a peri

16、od of sufficient time. This is important to recovering high-density weighting material when using weighted water-based mud.1.2 Insert overflow pipe in the well-agitated tank in circulating system and overflow cut in a dirty mud sump if it is required to recover the underflow and remove the overflow.

17、1.3 Set up main switch outside a control box of the centrifuge. Dont use it for primary power switch.2、Inspection Before Operation2.1 Inspecting centrifuge: inspect if there is a subject around the rotary body affecting the run of main machine.2.2 Inspect the tightness of triangular belt wheel and i

18、f the safeguard is loosened.2.3 Make barring the centrifuge 2 turns without jamming, otherwise check the main machine and find out the cause for jamming.2.4 Inspect if diverting valve of incoming-stream pipe is opened so that it is fully opening at work.2.5 Inspect if there is water from water sourc

19、e so that add it to drilling fluid withviscosity of 40 s in a concentration of 5-8% to enhance the effect of separation and clean without delay as drilling fluid has used up.2.6 Inspect if the machine oil is sufficient in the two-stage planetary compensating gear before running when the off period o

20、f centrifuge is longer. Oil flows when opening the plug of gear. Add machine oil# 30 in the case of its insufficiency.3、Start-up3.1 Turn on the main switch and switch of pump.3.2 Start up first secondary motor and then main motor after the secondary has run stationarily for 30s without abnormal nois

21、e. Observe if the centrifuge is functioning normally. If abnormal, shut down first the main and then the secondary.3.3 Open the diverting valve of incoming-stream pipe, start up liquid-feed pump, change the fractional flow and increase or decrease the incoming-stream volume according to the operatio

22、n.4、Shut-down4.1 Turn off the power switch of liquid-feed pump, stop liquid feed and close the diverting valve and liquid-feed valve.4.2 Open the water gate ,wash the inner of centrifuge for 5 min and stop flushing. At time of shutdown, continue water injection for 3 min and start up the machine. Re

23、peat the abovementioned procedure 2-3 times to remove the impurity in the inner chamber.4.3 Turn off the main switch with order after cleaning-up the inner chamber, close the water gate and open the upper cover to wash the inner wall of safeguard up to that there is no silt sand.-2-4.4 Close the upp

24、er cover.5 、Matters Needing Attention5.1 Incoming-stream volume is not higher than 40 m3/h, otherwise it results in overload of centrifuge, shearing safety pin or failure of clutch.5.2 Add water in incoming-stream pump for diluting drilling fluid in the case of its excessive viscosity to avoid the e

25、mergence of liquid phase.5.3 Blow down drilling fluid and water from connection lines after stopping use in winter at subzero temperature for freezing protection.5.4 Dont open the upper box or safeguard. Check frequently the temperature of bearing block of main machine and the discharge openings of

26、overflow and underflow.5.5 Strictly prohibit untrained personal from employ centrifuge.6 、Maintenance6.1 Pour into lithium based grease 2 into four grease nipples at the two ends of the drum every 100 hours of operation.6.2 Lubricate planetary compensating gear with hypoid gear oil by using two magn

27、etic plugs on the box body for lubricating hole.6.3 Machine oil in the gear must be entirely replaced by new oil of the same standard in time of its first use for 150 hours and afterwards replaced every 1000 hours. Remove the adsorptive on the magnetic plug every 150 hours. The filling of oil in the

28、 gear with level of 45 should be regarded as the optimal.6.4 Pour into liquid coupling turbine oil 20 or 30 filtrated through 80-100 mesh, generally 7.5 liters. Check constantly the oil level and add in time oil if the level is lower than the level line on safeguard.7、 Constant Faults and Their Debu

29、gging7.1 Vibration of centrifugeCauses: 1 Insufficient cleaning results in unbalanced operation of centrifuge;2 Failure of shock pad due to ageing.Debugging method: 1 clean up the inner chamber of drum;2 change shock pad.7.2 No solid phase drained out of underflow openingCauses: Overload of the main

30、 machine, shearing safety pin and dislocation of clutch, as well as stopping the work of spiral conveyer result from excessive settlement of solid particles due to excessively high incoming-stream volume.Debugging method:1 Clean up solid particles and adjust incoming-stream volume;2 Change safety pin with a new pin of the same standard;3 Reset clutch.7.3 Ageing of fusible plug-3-Causes: 1 Overload of coupling due to excessively high incoming-stream volume;2 Lower flow of solid phase thro