人教版八年级英语上册第一单元语法知识点归纳_第1页
人教版八年级英语上册第一单元语法知识点归纳_第2页
人教版八年级英语上册第一单元语法知识点归纳_第3页
人教版八年级英语上册第一单元语法知识点归纳_第4页
人教版八年级英语上册第一单元语法知识点归纳_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩4页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

1、Unit 1一、词组、短语:1 、 go on vacation 去度假 ,2 、 stay at home 呆在家,3 、 go to the mountains 上山 /进山 ,4 、 go to the beach 到海边去,5 、 visit museums 参观博物馆,6 、 go to summer camp 去夏令营,7 、 quite a few 相当多,8 、study for 为学习,9 、 go out 出去,10 、 most of the time 大部分时间 /绝大多数时间,11 、 taste good 尝起来味道好,12 、 have a good time 玩

2、的开心,13 、 of course 当然可以,14、feel like感觉像 /想要,15 、 go shopping 购物,16 、 in the past 在过去,17 、walk around 绕走,18 、 too many 太多(可数名词前面) ,19 、 because of 因为,20、one bowl of 一碗,21 、 find out 查出来 / 发现 ,22 、 go on 继续,23 、 take photos 照相,24 、 something important 重要的事情,25 、 up and down 上上下下,26 、 come up 出来二、习惯用法、

3、搭配1. buy sth. for ab./ buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物2. taste + adj.尝起来3. nothing.but + V.(原形)除了之外什么都没有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到达某地6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/ try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth.

4、 开始做某事11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事12. look + adj 看起来13. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14. Why not do sth.为什么不做 .呢?15. so + adj + that +从句 如此以至于16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要) 做某事17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事/ forget doing sth 忘记做过某事三、重点句子1. Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪儿度假

5、的?1 )这是一个由疑问副词 where 引导的特殊疑问句。 Where 用来询问地点或场所,用于句首,其后跟一般疑问句。如: Where are you from ? Where does he live ?2 ) go on vacation “去度假 ”He will go on vacation with his family. 他要和家人一起度假。【解析】 vacation v ?ke?n n 假期 = holidayon vacation 在度假take a vacation 去度假 winter vacation 寒假 summer vacation 暑假 I have a lo

6、t of every year . (vacation)() Where did Sarah go on vacation? She went to America.A. on vacationB. take a vacation C. is on vacation D. is for vacation2 、 Did you go with anyone? 你和别人一起去的吗?didYes主语+did,否定回every-everyone 人人 everybodyeverything 一切事everywhere 到处这是一个一般过去时的一般疑问句。当含有实义动词的一般过去时的陈述句变为一般疑问句

7、时,需借助助动词此时后面的实义动词应用原形。其句型结构为“did+主语+动词原形+其它? ,肯定回答为答为No,主语 +didn t基本用法pron. anyone 任何人,相当于anybody ,通常用在否定句、疑问句或条件从句中。如: I won ?t tell anyone I saw you here. 我不会告诉任何人我在这儿见过你。Why would anyone want that job? 为什么会有人想要那份工作呢?知识拓展-同类词- any-anyone 任何人 anybodyanything 任何事anywhere 任何地方nono one 没有人 nobodynothi

8、ng 没有事nowhere 无处,没有地方Some指人 someone 有人 指物 something 某物指地点 somewhere 某地 、,、.一、一注意:(1) 由 some-, any-, no-, every- 构成的符合不定代词作主语时,都作单数看待,其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。(2)不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后,作后置定语。如:I?d like something to drink. 我想要些喝的。Is there anything interesting in the book? 这本书中有有趣的东西吗?3.visited my uncle 看望了我的叔叔 vis

9、it 是及物动词,意为“拜访;探望”的名词。小结: 【解析 1 】 someone s?mw?n pron 某人 anyone eniw ?n pron 任何人 everyone evriw ?n pron 每人,人人,后接表示人的名词或代词。 visit 还可以意为“参观;游览” ,后接表示地点上周我去 了我的外婆。你想 上海吗?a. I visited my grandmother last week.b. b.Do you want to visit Shanghai?拓展: visitor 意为“参观者;游客”These visitors come from America.3 .bu

10、y anything special 买特别的东西。 ( P2)1 ) buy 及物动词,意为“买;购买” 。其过去式为 。拓展: buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth. 意为“给某人买某物” 。 My unclea bike.= My unclefor me.2 ) anything 不定代词,意为“某事;某件东西” ,主要用于疑问句或否定句中。a. Do you want to buy anything for me?b.I can?t say anything about it.3 ) anthing special 表示“特别的东西” ,形容词修饰不定代词时后置。I

11、s therein this book? 这本书里有新的内容吗?4.Oh, did you go anywhere interesting? 哦,你去有趣的地方了吗?(P2)1 )本句是 did 开头的一般疑问句2 ) anywhere 用作副词,意为“在任何地方” 。eg: Did you go anywhere during the summer vacation ? 辨析: anywhere 与 somewhereanywhere 意为“在任何地方” ,常用于否定句和疑问句中。 eg:I can?t find it anywhere.somewhere 意为“在某处;到某处” ,常用于肯

12、定句中。 eg:I lost my key somewhere near here.5.We took quite a few photos there. 我们在那里拍了不少照片。 ( P2)take photos 意为“照相;拍照” 。 eg:Weon the Great Wall. 我们在长城上照了相。辨析: quite a few 与 quite a littlequite a few 意为“很多 ;不少” ,修饰可数名词复数;quite a little 意为“很多;不少”,修饰不可数名词。a. He stays here for days.b.There is water in th

13、e bottle( 瓶子 ).6 . I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. 我大部分时间只是待在家里读书休息。( P2 )most of the time 意为“大部分时间” ,其中 most 为代词,意为“大部分;大多数”拓展most of意为中的大多数“,它作主语时,谓语动词取决于most of后所修饰的名词。a.Most of us(be)going to the park. 我们大多数人要去公园。b. Most of the food(go)bad. 大部分的食物都变质了。7 . Everything tas

14、ted really good! 所有的东西尝起来真的很好吃! ( P3) taste 在此为系动词,意为“尝起来” ,其后接形容词构成系表结构。a. The food tastes really great. 食物尝起来棒极了。8 . Did everyone have a good time? 大家都玩得很开心吗?(P3)have a good time = enjoy oneself = have fun 玩得开心( + doing)eg: We had a good time visiting the the Great Wall. = We enjoyed ourselves vis

15、iting the the Great Wall.= We had fun visiting the the Great Wall.9 .How did you like it? 你觉得它怎么样?(P3)How do/did you like ?意为“你觉得怎么样?,用来询问对方的观点或看法,相当What do you think ofyour new job?eg: How do you like your new job?10 .Did you go shopping? 你们去购物了吗?(P3)go shopping 意为“去购物;去买东西” ,同义短语为 do some shopping

16、.eg: I usually go shopping on Sundays.我通常星期天去购物。拓展: “go+doing ”形式表示“去做某事” ,常用于表达从事某一体育活动或休闲活动。go skating 去滑冰 go hiking 去远足 go sightseeing 去观光 go fishing 去钓鱼 go swimming 去游泳 go boating 去划船P3)11 .I went to a friend ?s farm in the countryside with my family. 我和家人一起去了乡下一个朋友的农场。a friend s farm 是名词所有格形式。一

17、般情况下,表示“有生命的人或物”的名词后面加a,表示所属关系。eg:The red bike is Alices.那辆红色的自行车是爱丽斯的。拓展:名词所有格的构成:1)单数名词词尾加 飞,复数名词词尾没有 s,也要加为the girl s pen 女孩的钢笔womens shoes女鞋on Children S Day2)复数名词以s结尾的只加?the students reading room 学生阅览室TeachersDay 教师节3)如果两个名词并列,并且分别有a,则表示“分别有”;只后一个名词有一个 a,则表示“共有”:Johns and Kates rooms.约翰和凯特(各自)的

18、房间。 Lily and Lucys father.莉莉和露西的爸爸 (同一个爸爸) 4)表示无生命的名词一般以of构成短语,表示所有关系。a map of China一幅中国地图the name of the story那个故事的名字12. Still no one seemed to be bored.(即使这样)仍然没有人看起来无聊。(P3)1) seem意为好像;似乎;看来”。eg: Everything seems easy.一切似乎很容易。拓展 a. seem+adj. “看起来。 You seem happy today.你今天看起来很高兴。b. seem+to do sth.似

19、乎,好像做某事。 I seem to have a cold.我似乎感冒了。 =It seems that I have a cold.c. It seems/seemed+从句 看起来好像;似乎。It seems that no one believes you.看起来好像没有人相信2)辨析:bored 与 boringa. bored意为“厌烦的;感到无聊的“,一般在句中修饰人。b. boring意为“无聊的;令人厌烦的,一般在句中修饰事或物。eg: a. Im with what he said.我对他说的话厌烦极了。b. I find the story very.我发现这个故事太无聊

20、了。(二)Section B1. What activities do you find enjoyable? 你发现什么活动让人快乐? (P5)enjoyable形容词,意为“愉快的;快乐的”。I?m sure we will have an enjoyable vacation.我确信我们将会有一个愉快的假期。2. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.今天早上我和家人到达了马来西亚的槟城。(P5 )arrive不及物动词,意为到达。arrive in表示到达较大的地方,如国家、省、市等; arrive at

21、表示到达 较小的地方,如机场、商店、广场、村庄等。(注:地点副词home , here, there前介词省略)辨析: arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 get to +地点 reach+地点eg: I 倒达)school at 8: 00 o?slock yesterday.3. so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel 因此我们决定到旅馆附近的海滩上去。(P5)decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事。eg: They the museum.他们决定去参观博物馆。拓展:decide后常跟“疑问词+动词

22、不定式“做宾语。He cant decide when(leave) 他不能决定何时动身。4. My sister and I tried paragliding.姐姐和我尝试了滑翔伞运动。(P5)try此处用作及物动词,其后常接名词、动名词或不定式,意为“尝试;试图,设法;努力”She is trying my bicycle.她正在试骑我的自行车。拓展:try也可用作名词,意为尝试,常用短语have a try,意为试一试。I want to have a try.我想试一试。 辨析:try doing sth. / try to do sth.1) try doing sth.尝试做某事

23、,表示一种尝试、做做看的想法,不一定付出很多努力。2) try to do sth.尽力、设法去做某事,表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成,强调付出努力设法去完成。a. I him, but no one answered. 我试着给他打电话了,但没有人接听。b. I?m English well. 我正尽力把英语学好。5. I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting! 我感觉自己就像一只小鸟。太刺激了!( P5)1) feel like意为“给的感觉;感受到“。其后常接从句。eg: He feels like he is swimming.他感觉像在游

24、泳一样。拓展:feel like还可意为“想要,其后可接名词、代词或动名词。即:feel like sth.想要某物feel like doing sth.想要做某事eg: Do you feel like a cup of tea now? 你现在想要一杯茶吗?Do you feel like (take) a walk in the park with me? 你想跟我在公园散步吗?2 )辨析: exciting 与 excitedexciting 意为“令人兴奋的,使人激动的” , 一般修饰某物。 excited 意为“感到兴奋的,激动的” , 一般修饰某人。 Eg: a.The sto

25、ry is(exciting, excited) .b.He told me the(exciting, excited)news.c.Sarah was(exciting, excited)to see the singer.6. There are a lot of new buildings now 现在有许多新的建筑物( P5)building 可数名词,意为“建筑物;楼房”。build 动词, “建造,建筑” ( built , built ) ,The workers built many tall buildings in our school last year.7. I wo

26、nder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道在这儿过去的生活是什么样的。 ( P5 )wonder 此处是及物动词,意为“想知道;琢磨” 。其后常接who, what, why 等疑问词引导的宾语从句。Eg: 1.I wonder . 我想知道那个男孩是谁。 A. the boy is who B. who the boy is2. I wonder what they were doing here. 我想知道他去哪里了。8. I really enjoyed walking around the town. 我真的很喜欢在镇上到处走走。( P

27、5)1) enjoy及物动词,意为“喜爱;欣赏;享受的乐趣”,其后接名词,代词或动名词作宾语。a. Do you enjoy your job? 你喜欢你的工作吗?b. I enjoy reading books. 我喜欢读书。 (enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事)拓展: enjoy oneself =have a good time = have fun 玩得开心(+ doing sth. )2 ) walk around 意为“四处走走” 。 He?s just walking around the village. 他只是在村庄里随便走走。9. What a differen

28、ce a day makes! 一天的变化有多大呀!( P5)difference 可数名词,意为“差别,差异” ;其形容词形式为 different ,意为“不同的;有差异的”Eg: a. What is the difference between this book and that book?b. My schoolbag is different from yours. ( be different from 意为 “与不同 )10. We wanted to walk up to the top , but then it started raining a little so w

29、e decided to take the train. ( P5)1 ) want to do sth. 意为“想要做某事”。2 ) start doing sth. 意为“开始做某事”,同义短语:start to do sth. Eg: Tom started learning English last year.3 ) a little 意为“一点儿” ,在句中修饰动词、形容词或副词。也可以修饰不可数名词。Eg: a. I can draw a little, but only as a hobby. b. It?s a little cold outside. c. He can sp

30、eak a little English. 4 ) take the train 意为“乘火车” , take 在此意为“乘坐” 。11.We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. 因为人太多, 所以我们等了一个多小时的火车。( P5)1) wait for 意为等候”,其后可接人或物。Tom was waiting for a bus over there.2) over 介词,意为“多于;超过“ ,相当于 more than。 Eg : My father is over 40 years

31、 old.Here are over eight hundred students in our school.3) too many 意为太多”,其后接可数名词复数。 He always has too many questions to ask me. 辨析:too many +可数名词复数 意为太多”too much +不可数名词意为太多 ”much too +形容词/副词 意为太eg: I have homework to do today. The weather today is cold.12 .And because of the bad weather, we couldn

32、2 see anything below.而且因为坏天气,我们也没能看到下面的 任何景 色(P5)辨析: because of 与 becausea. because of意为“因为,由于“,后可接名词(短语卜 代词或动名词, 不能接句子。 He lost his job because of his age.b. because 意为因为,弓I导状语从句,即接句子。 I didn2 buy the shirt because it was too expensive.13 . My father didn ? bring enough money 我爸爸没带足够的钱(P5)1)辨析:brin

33、g 与 takebring意为“带来;拿来”,指从别处带到说话者所在地。take意为“拿走;带走”,指从说话者所在地带到别处去。2) enough意为“足够的,充分的“1用来修饰形容词或副词,一般置于被修饰词之后。2.用来修饰名词时放在名词之前。Eg: a. We have enough time to do our homework.b. The box is big enough.14. because we forgot to bring an umbrella 因为我们忘了带雨伞。(P6)辨析:forget to do sth.与 forget doing sth.forget to

34、do sth. 意为“忘记要做某事(事情还没做)eg: Don? forget to close the window.forget doing sth. 意为“忘记做过某事(事情已经做过了) eg: I forget closing the window.15. About one hour later, we stopped and drank some tea. 大约一小时后,我们停下来喝了些茶。(P6)1) one hour later 小时后 ;小时前 2) stop动词,意为“停止;中断,过去式,现在分词 ;3) drink及物动词,意为“喝;饮”;还可以作名词,意为“饮料”。16

35、. Did you dislike anything? 你不喜欢什么东西吗? (P7)dislike意为“不喜欢;厌恶”,其后可接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。Eg: a. Mary the hamburgers.玛丽不喜欢汉堡包。b. I computer 我不喜欢玩电脑游戏。17. Why not?为什么不带呀? ( P8)why not意为“为什么不呢”,一般用在疑问句中,表示提建议;why not后面需跟动词原形。注Why not +动词原形? 相当于Why don2 you+动词原形?”a. Why not go to the party with me? =Why don ?t y

36、ou go to the party with me?为什么不和我一起去参加聚会呢?b. take a walk? = take a walk? 为什么不去散步呢?18.Everyone in our class took a bag with some food and water.我们班上的每一个人都随身带了装有食物和水的提袋。(P8)with 介词,意为“具有;带有” 。 此处介词短语 with some food and water 作 bag 的后置定语。 拓展: with 作介词时的其他用法:a.和一起I often go to school my friend.我经常和朋友们一起

37、去上学。b. 以(手段、材料) ,用(工具) ,Cut the apple with a knife. 用刀切苹果。19. My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. 我的双腿太累了以至于我都想停下来。 ( P8) so - that / suchthat(如此以致)引导的结果状语从句so+adj./adv.+that Eg: 1. He is lovely a boywe love him very much.2. The little boy is so young that he can t go to school.20. 常用的感叹句的结

38、构:1 ) What +adj.+ 复数名词 / 不可数名词 +主语+谓语!2 ) What +a/an+adj.+ 可数名词单数+主语+谓语!3 ) How +adj. +a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!4 ) How+adj./adv. + 主语 +谓语!eg: 1.What an interesting book it is! = How interesting a book is! 那本书多么有趣啊!2._a clever girl she is!A.WhoB.What C.How D.Where3. _clever a girl she is!A.WhoB.What C.How D.Where4._important jobs they have done!A.WhatB.Who C.How D.Where5._sweet water it is!A.WhoB.What C.Where D. How6._interesting the dog is!A.WhoB.What C. W

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论