仁爱英语八年级下册语法

1、最强， since 较弱，表示大家都明了的原因， as 又次之。条件状语if, unless, as long as从句中动词时态不可用将来时，常用一般时代替目 的 状 语 so that, in order that, so that 和 in order that 后常接 may, should, could, would 等情 态动词结果状语 sothat, suchthat 时间状语从句，其连接词有： after ， before， when ， as， as soon as， until （till ） ， while ， since， by1 until （till） 直到，在用

2、until 表达时间状语的句子中，主句中的动词是要十分小心去选择。如动词是持续性动词，它要用肯定句，如：I studied hard 12 o'clock last night. 如 果动词是瞬间截止性动词，则要用否定句，如：He go to beduntil his mother cameback.2 在状语从句中用一般现在时或一般过去时表示将来。它们可能是主句用一般将来时，从句用一 般现在时，如： If it rains, they won't go to the park on Sunday. as强调随着时间推移，当一时。考试中常见的考点有：要学生区别是条件、时间状语从

3、句还是宾语从句， 因在宾语从句中该用什 么时态用什么时态，如： I want to know if he will come here tomorrow.if it rains, he will not come. 原因状语从句中主要是 because， 因为 .表达的因果关系最强，如：He didn't pass the exam because he didn't study hard since 应 译 为 " 既 然 " ， 如 ： Since you were ill yesterday, I left some notes on you r de

4、sk. as 应 译 为 " 由 于 " ， 如： As it is too hot we'd better go swimming.仁爱英语八年级下册 语法复习及配套练习一，系动词及用法。大多数联系动词后面接形容词， seem 后还可接不定式, be后可接副词、名词、介词短语等。联系动词和后面的表语一起构成句子的谓语。初中阶段常见的联系动词有 be , look（看起来），seem （似乎，好像），feel（感觉，感到）, sound（听起来），smell （闻起来），taste （尝起来），get（变）， become使得，成为），turn（变），go （变）,

5、grow（变），等。表 示变化的系动词的区别： 天气变化用 get; 颜色的变化用turn; 由好变坏用 go; 逐渐变化用 grow; 好变坏、坏变好用become或 get成为用 become.翻译下歹U句型：面包变酸了（ sour） .这朵花闻起来很香 sweet这种食物尝起来是咸的（salty） 那个妇女疯了。 她似乎很担心。 她感到烦恼。 这首歌听起来很动听。 树木变得越来越绿。 他变得越来越老。 天气变得越来越暖和。 似乎要下雨。 保持健康。最后，她成为了一名女警察。 我感到失望。 二，状语从句种类 连接词注意点时间状语 when, while, before, after, un

6、til, as soon as,主句表示将来意义时，从句须用一般现在时（主将从现 ）；while 引导的从句中动词一般是延续性的； until 用在肯定句 中主句动词是延续性的，而否定句中主句动词为短暂性的。地点状语 where, 原因状语 because, as, since, becaus晤气 since 与 as 所 表 达 的 因 果 关 系 远 比 because 弱 得 多 。而 for 表 达 的 因 果 关 系 最 弱 。 它 不 能 用 于 句 首 ， 如： He studies hard, for he wants to go to college.比较状语从句中有同级比较

7、as , as， 要注意的有两点： as, as 中间要用原级而不是比较级。 用形容词还是副词，如：Mary writes as carefully as Tom.Mary is as careful as Tom.状语从句练习1. he s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. Do you know if he to play basket ball with us? Ithink he will come if he free tomorrow.A. comes; is B. co

8、mes; will beC. will come; is D. will come; will be3. In the zoo if a child into the water and can t swim, the dolphins may come up him.A. will fall; to help B. falls; to helpC. will fall; help D. falls; helping4. I don t remember he worked in that city when he was young. A. what B. which C. where D.

9、 who5. We will stay at home if my aunt to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police asked the children cross the street _ the traffic lights turned green.A. not; before B. don t; when C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday there was something

10、 wrong with my bike. A. when B. that C. until D. because8. I llgo swimming with you if I free tomorrow.A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, the you are, the mistakes you will make. A. careful; little B. more careful; fewe st C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should fi

11、nish your lessons you go out to paly.A. before B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried I wouldn t be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless12. When you read the book, you d better make a mark _ you have any questions.A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice a

12、ll the students couldhear him. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat he felt hot.A. because B. as C. if D. since15. It is that wedlike to go out for a walk.A. a lovely day B. too lovely a dayC. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day16. Mary had much work to do that she staye

13、d at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very17. I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18. the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As19. well you can drive, you must drive carefully.A. So long as B. In order thatC. No m

14、atter how D. The moment20. Write to me as soon as you to Beijing.A. will get B. get C. getting D. got二 . 根据中文意思完成下列英语句子1 .布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切， 以至于学生都很喜欢她。Mrs Bruce was kind to her students they all_her very much .2 .只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。Our parents will be pleased with our performance _we try our best.3 .

15、你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？Will you please call me you get to Shanghai.4. 虽然她很忙，她还坚持自学英语。 , she kept on learning English by herself.5. 他长大后想当一名老师。He wants to be a teacher Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?Can you tell me? Where is the No.3 bus stop ?I don t know. Why is the train late?6 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，

16、世界将会变得更美好。to protec ting the environment, the world will become much m ore beautiful.7 . 李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。Li Ming didn t come to school 3) .宾语从句原先是一般疑问句的，由 if 或 whether。 If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know. Does he live there?I want to know if he lives there?He asked me. Was there a book store on

17、Center Street?三，宾语从句1. 宾语从句的连接词宾语从句是一种主从复合句，在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。根据宾语从句原先(做宾语之前)的句式，我们把宾语从句分为三类。1 ) . 宾语从句原先是陈述句的， 由 that 连接。 that 只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said. He wanted to stay at home.He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.Shedoesn t know. She is seriously ill.She doesn t knowI am sure .

18、He will succeed.I am sure .2 ) . 宾语从句原先是特殊疑问句的，由其本身疑问词连接。连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 和 连 接 副 词 when, where, why, how。 这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know ？ Who (whom) are they waiting for?2. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句(主谓式)的语序。例 如： I hear (that) physics isn t easy.I think (that) you will like this

19、 school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when we ll have the meeting.3. 宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。 如：I don t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is.Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时， 过去进行时

20、， 过去将来时，过去完成时) 。例如： He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved

21、that the earth turns around the sun.1 They want to know do to help us.A. what they can B. how they canC. how can they D. what can they2 His teacher he bright and he was worth teaching.A. didn t think; was; that B. thought was; whetherC. didn' t think; was; x D .thought; wasn't; x3 we ll go c

22、amping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。1.引导词1从句为陈述句，常选择引导词that 或将 that 省略，直接与主句相连。2 从句为一般疑问句，常选择引导词if或whether。在whetheror not结构中不能用if替换。3.从 句为特殊疑问句，常选择 what, when, where, which, who, how 等的疑问代、副词作引导词。 注意： 当 who 为主语时， 句式为： who+ 谓语 + 其他2.判断时态情况1主句是一般现

23、在时，从句为各种时态情况。2主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意；描绘客观事实，用一般现在时。The teacher told the children that the sunround.A. was B. is C. were D. are2 I believe that our teamthe basketball match.A. win B. won C. will win D. wins3 I don t knowto visit the old man.A. whether B. if C. that D. who3.宾语从句的用法1 that 引导宾语从句无意义，不充当

24、句子成分常省略。但下列情况除外：(1).介词宾语从句的that不省略(2) and 连接的几个从句，第二个从句以后的从句的 that 不省略。He told me (that) he had two sons and that they both had gone to college.(3) 在动词+it+ 宾语补足语+宾语从句结构中，that 不省略。 I heard it said that he had gone abroadWe found it impossible that he could finish it in such a short time 2.Whether,if

25、引导宾语从句：两词可互换，但是下列情形除外：(1)whether 从句中有 or not (2) 介词后用 whether.Eerything depends on whether you agree with us3 宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficu lt job.Right: He is wondering finish this difficult job.4 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。 即 否定前移 。F: I think he doesn t like the

26、English teacher. .T: I think he the English teacher.5. 主句一般过去时态，从句也要用过去时态；即 主过从过。False: He wanted to know why he is crying in the c orner.Right: He wanted to know crying in the corner.1. I don't know he will come tomorrow.he comes, I'll tell you A. if; Whether B. whether; WhetherC. if; That

27、D. if; If2. I don't know the day after tomorrow.A. when does he come B. how will he comeC. if he comes D. whether he'll come3. Could you tell me the nearest hospitalis?A. what B. how C. whether D. where4. Could you tell me the radio without any help?A. how did he mend B. what did he mendC. h

28、ow he mended D. what he mended5. I want to know .A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is lookingC. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after 6. Do you know where now?A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live 7 . Do you know what time ?A. the train leave B. does the train leav

29、eC. will the train leave D. the train leaves8. I don't know . Can you tell me, please?A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two playersC. the two players are how old D. howold the two players are 9. The small children don't know .A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their

30、stockingsC. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I can't understand .A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does meanC. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us? Could you tell us Mr. Brown living in C

31、hina?2. "Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.He asked me the girl some help3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either. Jim Tom is a student.4. When does the train leave? I want to know.I want to know the train .5. They went home after they had finished their homework. They go h

32、ome they had finished theirhomework6. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know.Li Lei wants to know Peter here yesterday.四，形容词和副词比较等级：形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er 和-est， 多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和 most。1. 同级比较时常常用 asas以及not so(as) as 如：I am not so good a player as you are.2.

33、可以修饰比较级的词有：much, many, a lot, even, a bit, a little3. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“ the +比较级the +比较 级”句型。如：The harder you work, the more progress you will make.4. 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如：I have never spent a more worrying day.5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下 2 种句型：Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as larg

34、e as yours.副词比较级基本用法。副词的比较等级形式与变化与形容词大致相同，以后缀-ly 结尾的比较级和最高级大多在前面加 more 和 most原级。As + adj./ adv.原级+ as 和一样。(2)比较级。Adj. / adv.比较级+ than 比更(3) 最 高 级 。 三 者 或 三 者 以 上 比 较 时 ， 常 用the + adj. / adv.最高级+ in/of(比较范围)副词最高级前可以省略the*否定比较级可用 less + adj. / adv. 原级 + than.*同级比较中第一个as 前面用序数词或量词修饰，可表示倍数关系。*形容词和副词比较级前

35、用much a lot 等修饰，表示不同程度。*借助other、else或否定词，比较级形式 可用来表示最高级概念。(4) the +比较级,the +比较级。 表示 越越(5)比较级+ and +比较级。 表示 越来越1. 原级：表示A 与 B 在某方面相同。as- as- ,not as/so as .注意：not as / so as = less - than 不及； 不如 .less+原形，否定的比较级.= This book is that one. =That book is this one.2 .比较级：两者进行比较(常与than 连用)Which is useful, th

36、is one or that one? 哪本书更有趣，这本还是那本？3 .最高级：三者(或三者以上)进行比较(常与表范围的 in , of 短语连用) 1)Shanghai is the (big) city in China. 2)He runs (fast) in our class.3)He is the (tall) of the three boys.4 .形、副比较等级的其他用法1) “比较级and比较级” 表示“越来越一"lazier and lazier越来越懒.注意：多音节词用此结构时应为more and more + (形、副 ). more and more b

37、eautiful 越来越漂亮2) “the比较级，the比较级”“越，越，”you are, you will get. 你 越懒，收获越少。注意：the后是用形容词还是副词。你越细心。 The more you are.=The more you do.3) “the比较级of +二者”“二者中较一的一个”Lucy is the (young) of the twins.4)表示二者相差多少用 “具体数量+ 比较级”My brother isthanme.(大两岁)5)表示"是 几倍"时用"twice; three times 等+ asas”This book

38、 as as that one.这本书的价钱是那本书的两倍。He has as books as I have他拥有的书是我拥有的四倍。eg. This book isn t as interesting as that one6)区别older / elder 与 farther / furtherolder (年龄较老的)elder (指兄弟姐妹中排行在前的)eg. My brother is than me.farther (指距离“较远的" further(指抽象事物的“更进一步 的” ) He went abroad for studies.Beijing is from

39、our hometown than Chongqing.1 .比较级前用a little 一点儿；much / a lot even / still ,表示"得多；更.1) a little bigger大一点儿 2)much more 多得多 3)even heavier 更重 但注意：不能在比较级前加so; too; very; quite等。这些词用在原形前。2.比较级必须是同类事物相比(即as; than后的词应与主语 是 The 同 类 事 物 ) ， 注 意 常 用 漏 的 代 词 有 ： that; those; one; ones。 My hair is longer

40、 than (she)The silk or woolen scarves feel softer than _made of cotton 3.个体与整体相比，不能包括个体，常用“any other + 单数名词”来进行比较。1) Betty is cleverer than any student in her class ( x ) 正：Betty is cleverer than student in her class.= Betty is cleverer than ( ) students inher class. =Betty is cleverer than inher cl

41、ass. = is clever than Betty. =Betty is the in her class.2)China is bigger than in Africa.中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。3) China is bigger than in Asia. 中国比亚洲任何一个其他国家大。*4.使用最高级时应把主语包括在范围内。Mary is the tallest of all her sisters.( x ) (all her sisters 已排除 了 Mary) 改： Mary is the tallest of all the sisters.5.表示 “第二、 第三

42、, ”时， 可在最高级前加 “ second , third, , ”( 但“ 第 一 ” 可 以 省 略 用 first )Yellow River is the river in China.1.Your idea sounds much _ than his.A, interesting B, interestedC, more interesting D, more interested2.In my opinion, Tim doesn t write English _his sister.A, as clear as B, so clear asC, more clearly a

43、s D, as clearly as3.Simon is a fast runner. John runs even faster. But Liu Xiang r uns _. A, faster B, a bit faster C, fast D, fastest4.Shanghai is my hometown. It is one of _ in China.A, the biggest city B, the biggest citiesC, a biggest city D, the big city5.Their English songs sounded _. I think

44、they must get the fir st prize.A, well B, wonderful C, sweetly D, wonderfully6.It is _ to work out this maths problem. You needn t ask o thers.A, very easily B, easy enoughC, enough easily D, enough easy7.1 don t like buying clothes. I like to spend money collecting stamps _. A, too B, either C, als

45、o D, instead8.1 ran than Maria in the 400-metre race.A, much fast B, more fast C, much faster D, more faster 9 .Simon is a fast runner. John runs even faster. But Liu Xiang run s . A, faster B, the fastest C, fast D, fastest10.Mary used to be the tallest girl in Class Two. But now Alice i s than Mar

46、y.A, tall B, taller C, tallest D, the tallest11.I think Liu Xiang, the famous runner, will be star in Asia and in the world as well.A, hot B, hotter C, hottest D, the hottest 12.Their English songs sound . I like them.A, well B, wonderful C, sweetly D, wonderfully13.I m sure he can run to win the fi

47、rst prize.A, enough fast B, fast enough C, too fast D, so fa st14.That blel important lecture, you mustn t miss it.A, such a B, such an C, a such D, so an 15.Since China has been a member nation of WTO, English is useful than before.A, far B, most C, more D, very 16.Rose caught a cold and has been i

48、ll fordays.A, bad, bad B, bad, badlyC, badly, bad D, badly, badly17.Supermarkets are necessary. People can spend _ _ time finding things they want, but they usually spen d money than they want.A, less, less B, less, moreC, fewer, less D, fewer, more18.Of all the actresses, she speaks English .A, the

49、 most fluent B, most fluentlyC, better D, the most beautiful19.The green tea smells . I like it.A, wonderfully B, wonderfulC, well D, beautifully20.It is not easy to learn English well. We need to pra ctise as as possible.A, soon B, more C, much D, harder21.In China families are becoming with childr

50、en.A, small, few B, smaller, fewerC, smallest, fewest D, smaller, less22.Why does she look so ? Did she hail in the exam again?A, interested B, exciting C, unhappy D, surprise 23.The boss tried to finish the work with money and people.A, less, fewer B, fewer, fewC, few, less, D, little, less24.Mike

51、went to school today because he felt A, enough well B, good enoughC, enough good D, well enough25.I m sorry I m late. There is with my bike.A, anything wrong B, something wrongC, wrong anything D, wrong something26 .What s the matter with Tom? He looks .A, unhappy B, hungrily C, sadly D, happily27 .

52、Now Mr. Brown drives much _than he did two years ago.A, careful B, carefully C, more careful D, more carefully 28 .Is there in today s newspaper?A, something new B, new somethingC, any new things D, anything new29.Which is , cotton, wood or iron?A, heavier B, heaviest C, the heaviest D, the most hea

53、viest 3 0.In my opinion, Tim doesn t write English his sister.A, as clear as B, so clear asC, more clearly as D, as clearly as31.A: Is there in today s newspaper?B: Yes. It says that a new Pope- has been elected already.A, anything important B, any important thingC, important anything D, any things

54、important32.He spoke for everyone in the class to hear.A, enough loud B, loud enoughC, louder enough D, enough louder 33.Your idea sounds much than his.A, interesting B, interestedC, more interesting D, more interested34 . Ships come and go on the river boats.A, as noisy as B, noisier thanC, as nois

55、ily as D, much noisily thansoccer on the road.3. Tony asked his grandpa(give) him a toy car for his birthday.4. He decided(make) decisions by himself from now on.5. The workers plan(build)the bridge in two years.6. I am really sorry(hear) that.7. Would you like something(drink)? 8.His brother taught

56、 him(play) basketball.9. Li Yang advised me ( not drink )too much.10. You need (see)a doctor when you have headaches often.11. It took them half an hour(reach)the hotel.12. The tea is too hot(drink).13. He used(be) a police officer,but now he is an office worker.1. .It is not easy(cook) .2. .She let the children (go) out to play.16. Today we use machines(help) us do most ofou