初中英语时态讲解与练习

1、v1.0可编辑可修改初中英语时态讲解时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，广大初中学生在实际运用时，往往对时态问题倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。一、一般现在时（一）定义表示经常性或习惯性的动作，或存在的状态，还表示主语具备的性格 和能力及客观真理。例：I get up at 6:30 in the morning .She is at home .（二）构成主要用动词原形表示，当主语是第三人称单数时，在动词词尾加s/es。（三）句型1 、肯定句：主语+谓语+其他。She reads English everyday .2 、否定句：主语+don' t/doesn '

2、 t+谓语+其他。He doesn ' t get up at 6:30 in the morning .3 、一般疑问句：Do/Does+主语+V原+其他Do you like English Yes ,I do ./No, I don' t .4 、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+V原+其他What time do you get up every morningWhere does your father work（三）用法1 、表示经常性或习惯性的动作，或存在的状态，带与表示频率的时间状语如：often , sometimes , usually , al

3、ways , everyday year , month .）, once/twice a week （month , year , etc.） , seldom , on sundays等连用。I leave home for school at seven every morning .2 、表示客观真理，科学事实、格言警句。The sun rises in the east .日 出东方。The earth goes around the sun .地球绕着太阳转。Ten minus two is eight.十减二等于八。Light travels faster than sound

4、.光的速度比声音的速度快。The United States lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean.美国位于太平洋西岸。3 、根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。I'll tell him the news when he comes back.他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。If you come this afternoon,we ' ll have a meeting .4、仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。这里的目的是为了”描述现阶段的

5、动作或状态"，其重点”不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态"。例如：He can speak five foreign languages .他能说五种外语。That is a beautiful city .那是座美丽的城市。Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。She majors in music .她主修音乐。All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。My sister is always ready to help oth

6、ers .我妹妹总是乐于助人。（四）动词第三人称单数形式变化规则1 、一般情况下，动词后直接加-s;如：help-helps ,clean-cleans ,give-gives 等。2、以s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾加-es;如：dress-dresses,fix-fixes,watch-watches,finish-finishes等。3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y变为i,再加-es;如：study-studies,fly-flies,carry-carries等。4、动词have遇在主语是第三人称单数时，have改为has,如：He has an interestin

7、g book .5、动词be遇有主语是第一人称单数时，be改为ami遇有主语是第二人 称时，be改为are ,遇有主语是第三人称单数时，be改为is一般现在时练习题1)用动词的适当形式填空like(swim).(read) English every day.(go)to school at seven in the morning.(go)to school at seven in the morning.mother(like)(go) shopping.can(draw) many beautiful pictures.(make) a model plane.you(like)(run

8、)he(like)(jump)Nancy(grow)flowers on Saturdayteachers(like)(dance).teacher(like)(dance).students(speak) English in class.student(speak) Chinese after class.15. Let's and play football . ( go )16. He like swimming . ( not )17. I'm sorry that . ( hear )18. Wang Bing is( write ) an E-mail to hi

9、s friend .19. He has a headache . ( get )20. you study English at school Yes , I. ( do )21. your sister study English at school No , she. ( do )22. I'm better(feel )23. Why Tom absent today ( be )24. 所给的人称改写句子take photos on Sunday. ( Mike) grow beautiful flowers. (she) like collecting stamps. (B

10、en) listen to music carefully. (my aunt) like making a model ship. (Helen) clean the classroom every day. (he) look after the pandas. (Mr Wang) draw a tree and some flowers. (Nancy) go to bed at eight. ( my sister)read newspapers in the evening. (Mr Green)25. 出下列动词的相应形式1. 第 三人称 单数： wash match guesss

11、tudy finish go snow carry2. 写出 下列动词的过去式： stop see drive let carry keep join findthink teach catch3. 写出下列动词的现在分词形式：stay beginforget forget lie die run prefer give ring dance hopeII.用所给动词的适当形式填空：1. I(write) to you as soon as I(get) to London.2. He doean't feel well and(not eat) any food this morni

12、ng.3. He not(see) me come in, for he(read)something with great interest.4. I (l;et) you have the book as soon as I (finish) it.5. While we(wait) for our teacher, a little boy(run) up to us.6. Don't make a niose. Grandpa(sleep).'s seven now,Tom's family(watch) TV.8. It (take) metwo hours

13、to finish my homeworklast night.9. What your mother(do) at eight yesterday evening She(wash) clothes.1.1 it(rain) when school was over yesterday11. What(do) tomorrow We(play) football.12. There(be) a football match on TV this evening.13. They said they(visit) the Great Wall the next summer holiday.1

14、4. Who(dance) the best in your class15. Willyou come if he(not come)16. The teacher told us the earth (move) round the sun. 17She(buy) a sweater yesterday.18. They(have) a party in the garden if it (not rain)tomorrow.19. I don't know if(go) to Shanghai tomorrow. If he(go), I (ask) him(take) some

15、books to mydaughter, because she(study) there.III单项选择：students will go to the Summer Palace if it tomorrow.'t rain B. doesn't rain C. won't rain2. There an English film next week.A. will have B. isgoing to have C. is going to be D. was going to be3. The picture nice.lookedlooking4. She d

16、own and soon fell asleep.A. live B. lain C.laid D. lay5. They the office at nine yesterday morning.A.reached to B. arrived C. went D. get to6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you back nextweek.A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come7. Don't smoke until the plane off.taken take8. I s

17、aw her the room this morning. enter B. entered C. enterD. entersteacher asked us to school on time. A. to come10. John is always others.A. help B.helping C. helps D. to help11. He told us at eight.A. working B.to work C. work D. worked12. You'd better at home and your homework.A. to stay, do B.

18、stay, do C. to stay, to do D. stay, to do13. He sat down a rest.A. having B.have C. to have D. had14. Uncle Wang knows a washing machine.A. how to make B. to make C. how making D. what to make15. Jim decided Polly to Ling Feng when he was back toEngland.A. to leave B. left C. leaving D. leave二、一般过去时

19、（一）结构般过去时用动词的过去式表示。基本结构否定句一般疑问句Be动词was/ were+notwas或 were 提前,放于句首行为动词didn ' t+do （动词原形）Did+主语+do （动词原形）注：在一般过去时的句子中，谓语动词可分为两类一类是be动词，其形式为was与第一、三人称单数连用，were与第二人称和复数人称的主语连用。凡 是由be动词做谓语的句子，变否定句时，直接在其后加 not,即wasn' t或 weren' t ,变一般疑问句将was/ were放在句首，句末用问号。另一类谓语动词 是由行为动词来充当，如 stayedwentvisited

20、等，这一类动词做谓语时，可与任何人称连用，句子变否定时，要在主语后面，动词的前面加didn ' t ,动词用原形；一般疑问句是把did提到句首，动词用原形。I was in Shanghai last year .I wasn ' t in Shanghai last year .Was you in Shanghai last yearHe went to the park yesterday .He didn ' t go to the park yesterdayDid he go to the park yesterday（二）句式1 、肯定句：主语+动词过去式

21、+其他。I was in Beijing yesterday .I went to the beach yesterday .2 、否定句：主语+wasn t或weren' t+其他。主语+didn ' t + V 原+其他。I wasn' t in Beijing yesterday .I didn' t go to the beach yesterday .3 、一般疑问句：was/ were+主语+V原+其他Did +主语+V原+其他Were you in Beijing yesterdayDid you go to the beach yesterday

22、4 、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ was/ were+主语+其他特殊疑问词+did+主语+V原+其他Where were you yesterdayWhere did yougo yesterday（三）用法1 、表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间里所发生的动作或情况，常与明确的时问状语连用，如： yesterday,last week（month , year ），ago,the other day ,just now ,at the age of ,in 1980 等连用。如：At the age of ten ,she began to learn to play the piano .2 、表

23、示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。When I was a child ,I often play the football in the street .3 、在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般过去时态代替过去将来时He said he wouldn t go if it rained .（四）动词过去式的规则变化1） 一般情况下，在动词原形末尾加-ed ;如look-looked2）结尾是字母e的动词加-d,如practice-practiced ；3）结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，变“y”为"i”再加ed,如study studied;4）重读闭音节结尾

24、，双写动词尾的辅音字母，再加ed,如stop stopped。不规则动词表Infinitive Past tense Infinitive Pasttensecatchcaughtcomecamedodiddrawdrewdrinkdrankdrivedroveeatatefallfellam iswasarewerebeginbegunbreakbrokebringbroughtbuildbuiltbuyboughtcancould动词过去式的记忆口诀动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事；be用was或用were, have, has变had；谓语动词过去式，过去时间坐标志；一般动词加-ed,若是

25、特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后didn' t添；疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；如果谓语之前有did,谓语动词需还原；动词若是was, were,否定就把not 添。般过去时练习题、写出下列动词的过去式1. look2. live3. stop4. carry6. trip一7. call8. finish一9. want10. are11.go12. have13. do 14. get 16. sayFill in the blanks.1.she(sing)a song last night2. -Were there any people in the room (作否定回

26、答 )-,nobody.3. -(be) they at work this morning-Yes. They(have)a meeting together.4. -Joe(do)well in the long-distance running -Yes, he.5. - Where Tina ' s Family(go)last Summer-They(go)to New York for their vacation.二、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I an English teacher now.2. She happy yesterday.3. They glad to

27、 see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy good friends.5. The little dog two years old this year.6. Look, there lots of grapes here.7. There a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today the second of June. Yesterday the first of June.It Children's Day. All the students very excited.三、用所给动词的适当形式填空1

28、. I(watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father(read) a newspaper last night.3. We to zoo yesterday, we to the park. (go)4. you(visit) your relatives last Spring Festival5. he(fly) a kite on Sunday Yes, he.6. Gao Shan(pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my

29、 mother.8. What she(find) in the garden last morningShe(find) a beautiful butterfly.9. It(be) Ben's birthday last Friday10. 10. We all(have) a good time last night.11. He(jump) high on last Sports Day.12. 12. Helen(milk) a cow on Friday.13. She likes newspapers, but she a book yesterday.(read)14

30、. He football now, but they basketball just now.(play)15. Jim's mother(plant) trees just now.16. they (sweep) the floor on Sunday No, they17. I(watch) a cartoon on Monday.18. We(go) to school on Sunday.19. It(be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White(go) to his office by car.20. Gao Shan(put)

31、the book on his head a moment ago.21. Don't the house. Mum it yesterday. (clean)22. What you just now I somehousework. (do)23. They(make) a kite a week ago.24. I want to apples. But mydad all of them last month.(pick)25. he the flowers this morning Yes, he. (water)26. She(be) a pretty girl.Look,

32、 she(do) Chinese dances.27. The students often (draw) somepictures in the art room. Mike do on the farm He cows. (milk)三、一般将来时（一）概念表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。There will be an English party next Saturday .We will come to see you tomorrow .（二）结构1、由will +动词原形才成，其will适用于各种人称，与主语连在一起时， 常常缩写为ll o变否定句时，只需在will后加not,可

33、缩写为won t 。在疑 问句中，will需提前，构成will+主语+动词原形的结构。He will arrive here this evening .他今晚抵达这里。2、shall+动词原形（常用于主语为第一人称）I shall / will not be free tomorrow .我明天没空。3、be going to+动词原形（打算、准备做某事）He is going to spend his holidays in London .他打算在伦敦度彳贸。（三）用法1、表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时问状语，如：tomorrow, next day （w

34、eek, month, yearthis evening （weekend ）, in the future , in a few minutes, the day after tomorrow ,by . . , soon 等连用。I will pay a visit to Shanghai next week .,unlessI hope you won ' t be late next time .2 、当主句为一般现在时，在以 after,when,while,as soon as ,if等引导的时间或条件句中，要用一般现在时表将来。I ' ll do it bette

35、r if the teacher gives me another chance .般将来时练习题、单项选择be)1.ThereA. willC. is going to be)2.Charliea meeting tomorrow afternoon.be going toD. will go to behere next month.B. willgoing toA. isn't workingB. doesn't workingC. isn'tgoing to workingD. won't work()3.Hevery busy this week, h

36、efree next53week.A.will be; isB. is;isC.will be; will beD. is; will be)4.Therea dolphin show in thezoo tomorrowevening.haveA. wasD. is going to be)5.youB. is going to havefree tomorrow - No. IC. willfree theday after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; willB. Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will beD.

37、 Are; going to be; will be()6. Motherme a nice present on my next birthday.A. will givesB. will giveC.gives(不,不要。）A. No, you won't.B. No, you aren't.C. No, pleasedon't.D. No, please.)8.-Where is the morning paperif for you at once.A. getB. amgettingC. to getD. will get)9.a concert next S

38、aturdayA.There will beB. W川 there beC.Therecan beD. There are)10. If they come, wea meeting.A. haveB. willhaveC.hadD. would have)11. Heher a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A. givesB. gaveC. willgivingD.is going to giving)12. Heto us as soon as he gets there.A. writesB. has writtenC. willD. give)

39、7.- Shall I buy a cup of tea for youwrite)13. Hein three days.A. coming backB. came backC. will comebackD. is going to coming back)14. If ittomorrow, we'll go roller-skating.A.isn't rainB. won't rainC. doesn'tD. wroterainD. doesn't fine()15. - W川 his parents go to see the Terra C

40、otta Warriorstomorrow-No, (不去).A. they willn't.B. theywon't.C. they aren't.D. they don't.( )16. Who we swimming with tomorrow afternoonA. will; goB. do; goC.will; goingD. shall; go( )17. We the work this way next time.A. doB. will doC. goingto doD. will doing( )18. Tomorrow he a kite

41、 in the open air first, and thenboating in the park.A. will fly; will goB. will fly; goes C. is going to fly;will goesD. flies; will go()19. The day after tomorrow they a volleyball match.A. will watchingB. watchesC. iswatchingD. is going to watch( )20. There a birthday party this Sunday.A. shall be

42、B. will be C.shall going to beD. will going to be( )21. They an English evening next Sunday.A. are havingB. are going to have C.will havingD. is going to have( )22.you free next SundayA. Will; areB. Will; be C.Do; beD. Are; be( )23. He there at ten tomorrow morning.A. willB. isC.will beD. be( )24. y

43、our brother a magazine from the libraryA. Are; going to borrowB. Is; going toborrowC. W川；borrowsD.Are; going to borrows ()25. - Shall I comeagain tomorrow afternoon - (好的).A. Yes, pleaseB. Yes, youwill. C. No, please.D. No, you won't.()26. It the year of the horse next year.A. is going to beB. i

44、s going toC. willbeD. will is()27.open the windowA. W川 you pleaseB. Please will you C.You pleaseD. Do you( )28. - Let's go out to play football, shall we- OK. IA. will comingB. be going tocomeC. comeD. am coming( )29. It us a long time to learn English well.A. takesB. will takeC.spendsD. will sp

45、end( )30. The train at 11.A. going to arriveB. will be arriveC. is goingtoD. is arriving二、动词填空1. I (leave) in a minute. I (finish ) all mywork beforeI (leave ).2. -How long you (study ) in our country- I (plan ) to be here for about one more year.- I (hope) to visit the other parts of your country.-

46、 What you (do) after you (leave ) here- I (return ) home and (get) a job.3. I (be) tired. I (go) to bed early tonight.4. Mary's birthday is next Monday, her mother(give ) her a present.5. It is very cold these days. It(snow) soon.6. -you (be) here this Saturday-No. I (visit ) my teacher.7. -I (g

47、et) you a copy of today's newspaper-Thank you.8. I am afraid there(be) a meeting this afternoon. I can'tjoin you.9. Mike(believe, not) this until he(see) it with his own eyes.10. Most of us don't think their team(win)三、用所给动词的一般将来时填空1. I (leave ) in a minute. I (finish ) all mywork before

48、 I (leave ).2. -How long you (study ) in our country- I (plan ) to be here for about one more year.- I (hope) to visit the other parts of your country.- What you (do) after you (leave ) here- I (return ) home and (get) a job.3. I (be) tired. I (go) to bed early tonight.4. Mary's birthday is next

49、 Monday, her mother(give ) her apresent.5. It is very cold these days. It(snow) soon.6. -you (be) here this Saturday-No. I (visit ) my teacher.7. -I (get) you a copy of today's newspaper-Thank you.8. I am afraid there(be) a meeting this afternoon. I can'tjoin you.9. Mike(believe, not) this u

50、ntil he(see) it with his own eyes.10. Most of us don't think their team(win).四、单项选择1. There a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going toB. will going to beC. is going to beD. will go to be2. Charlie here next month.A. isn't workingB. doesn't workingC. isn't going to workingD. won

51、't work3. He very busy this week, he free next week.A. will be; is B. is; isC. will be; will be D.is; will be4. There a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. wasB. is going to haveC. will haveD. is going to be5. -you free tomorrow-No. I free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; willB.

52、Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will beD. Are; going to be; will be6. Mother me a nice present on my next birthday.A. will gives B. will giveC. gives D. give7. - Shall I buy a cup of tea for you-.（不，不要。）A. No, you won'tB. No, you aren't.C. No, please don'tD. No, please.8. - Where

53、 is the morning paper-I if for you at once.A. getB. am gettingC. to getD. willget9. a concert next SaturdayA. There will beB. W川 there beC. There can beD. There are10. If they come, we a meeting.A. haveB. will haveC. hadD. would have11. He her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A. givesB. gaveC. w

54、ill givingD. is goingto giving12. He to us as soon as he gets there.A. writesB. has writtenC. will writeD. wrote13. He in three days.A. coming backB. came backC. will come backD. is going to coming back14. If it tomorrow, we'll go roller-skating.A. isn't rainB. won't rainC. doesn'tra

55、in D. doesn't fine15. - Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow-No, （不去）.A. they willn'tB. they won't.C. they aren'tD.they don't.16. Who we swimming with tomorrow afternoonA. will; goB. do; goC. will; goingD.shall; go17. We the work this way next time.A. doB. will doC. going to doD. willdoing18. Tomorrow he a kite in the open air first, and thenboating in the park.A. will fly; will goB. will fly; goesC. is going to fly; will goesD. flies