动词不定式的用法荟萃

1、动词不定式的用法荟萃不定式在句子中可做主语、 宾语、表语、定语、 状语和宾语补语。1) 不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。【例如】To complete the 30storied building in one year wasquite a difficult task.To do that implies taking responsibility.当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用 it 做形式主语， 而将不定式放到谓语的后面。【例如】It is important for modern young people to masterat least two foreign language

2、s.It 做形式主语， 不定式放在谓语动词之后常用 于下列结构中：a) It is 形 容 词 (easy, important,difficult, foolish,inconvenient, unnecessary, right,wrong.) ( for/of sb.)不定式【例如】It is essential to reserve a table inadvance ofChristmas Eve. hard to put my hopessintoswords.It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only.It is impor

3、tant for us young people to learnEnglish andmaster it.b) It is 名 词 (a pleasure, a pity, apleasant thing,one' s du ty, an honor, a shame, a crime,no easy job.)不定式It is a sheer waste of time to read that kindof trash.It is a pity to have to go without her.It is a glorious death to die for the peop

4、le.c) It takes (sb.) sometime (hours, months, days,a lot of time, patience.)不定式It takes me three hours to learn English each day.It took them half the night to get home in the snow.2) 不定式作表语不定式作表语常表示将来的动 作，主语常常是表示意向、打算、计划的词，如 wish, idea, task, purpose, duty,job 等。【例如】The most important thing for one

5、' s health is to haveplenty of exercise.My chief purpose has been to point out the difficulties ofthe matter.The purpose of the organization is to greet all new comersto the city and to provide them with anynecessaryinformation.What I wanted was to get the work done as quickly as possible.3）不定式作

6、宾语不定式常在下列动词后面作宾 语：afford,agree,apply,arrange,ask,attempt,beg,b egin,care,choose,claim,consent,demand,decide,desire,de termine,expect,fail,hope,hesitate,hate,intend,learn,like,manage,mean,neglect,offer,plan,preparepretend,promise,refuse,resolve,seek,tend,threaten,want 等。【例如】I like to go out for walks

7、 in the warm sunshine inspring.Mymother hates to movefrom place to place, for she feelstired.I decide to work hard and get doctor ' s degree.The room is designed to be mystudy,but now it has tobe used as a bedroom for the children.She failed to finish the assignment in time, and she wasworried a

8、bout it.There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angryand I think he means( )trouble. (CET-4 1997, 1)A) making B) to makeC) to have made D)shavingsmademean后面一般加不定式，所以A和D可以排除。根据句意， 他看起来非常生气，他想找麻烦，不定式的动 作还没有实施，应用一般式，因此答案为B。不定式作宾语还 常用在下面结构中；主语动词 it 形容词不定式。 【例如】We found it impossible to get e

9、verything ready in time.I think it important to learn English well in college.使 用 这 种 句 型 的 常 见 动 词 有 ： believe, consider, declare, feel,find, guess, imagine, prove, realize, suppose, think, 等。4) whword +不定式”结构不定式前加一个疑 问代词 (what,which, who, whom, whose)或疑问副词(where, when, how, why) ，以及连词 whether 构成特殊

10、的不定式短语，其 作用相当于一个从句，这样的不定式短语常在某些动词后面作宾语。常见的可以接这种不定式短语的动词有：know, see, decide,tell,ask,consider,discover,explain,findout,forget,guess,hear,imagine,inquire,learn,observe,perceive,remember,think,understand,wonder 等。【例如】I couldn ' t decide which book to choose. I can tellyouswheresto get this book.The

11、y found ithard to decidewhether to go swimming next Sunday or tovisit AuntSally in New Year.“ wh word+不定式”结构除了作宾语外，还可以在句中作主语或者表语。【例如】Whento start the program remains undecided.The question is how to put the plansintospractice.5) 不定式作状语a) 不定式作状语表示目的。或用于 so as和in order 之后，来强调这种目的。【例如】To learn a foreig

12、n language well, you must make painstakingefforts.Mother saved every cent she could spare to pay for my schooling.We must develop science and technology at high speedso as to raise scientific and cultural level of our country.Insgr 不定式在句子中可做主语、 宾语、表语、定语、 状语和宾语补语。1) 不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。【例如】To complete

13、the 30storied building in one year wasquite a difficult task.To do that implies taking responsibility.当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用 it 做形式主语， 而将不定式放到谓语的后面。【例如】It is important for modern young people to masterat least two foreign languages.It 做形式主语， 不定式放在谓语动词之后常用 于下列结构中：a) It is 形 容 词 (easy, important, difficult, f

14、oolish,inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong.) ( for/of sb.)不定式【例如】It is essential to reserve a table in advance ofChristmas Eve. hard to put my hopessintoswords.It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only.It is important for us young people to learn English andmaster it.b) It is 名 词 (a plea

15、sure, a pity, a pleasant thing,one' s du ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job.)不定式It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash.It is a pity to have to go without her.It is a glorious death to die for the people.c) It takes (sb.) sometime (hours, months, days,a lot of time, patie

16、nce.)不定式It takes me three hours to learn English each day.It took them half the night to get home in the snow.2) 不定式作表语不定式作表语常表示将来的动 作，主语常常是表示意向、打算、计划的词，如 wish, idea, task, purpose, duty,job 等。【例如】The most important thing for one' s health is to haveplenty of exercise.My chief purpose has been t

17、o point out the difficulties ofthe matter.The purpose of the organization is to greet all new comersto the city and to provide them with any necessaryinformation.What I wanted was to get the work done as quickly as possible.3）不定式作宾语不定式常在下列动词后面作宾 语：afford,agree,apply,arrange,ask,attempt,beg,b egin,ca

18、re,choose,claim,consent,demand,decide,desire,de termine,expect,fail,hope,hesitate,hate,intend,learn,like,manage,mean,neglect,offer,plan,preparepretend,promise,refuse,resolve,seek,tend,threaten,want 等。【例如】I like to go out for walks in the warm sunshine inspring.Mymother hates to movefrom place to pla

19、ce, for she feelstired.I decide to work hard and get doctor ' s degree.The room is designed to be mystudy,but now it has tobe used as a bedroom for the children.She failed to finish the assignment in time, and she wasworried about it.There is a man at the reception desk whoseems very angryand I

20、think he means( )trouble. (CET-4 1997,1)A) making B) to makeC) to have made D)shavingsmade mean后面一般加不定式，所以A和D可以排除。根据句意， 他看起来非常生气，他想找麻烦，不定式的动 作还没有实施，应用一般式，因此答案为B。不定式作宾语还常用在下面结构中；主语动词 it 形容词不定式。【例如】We found it impossible to get everythingready in time.I think it important to learn English well in coll

21、ege.使 用 这 种 句 型 的 常 见 动 词 有 ： believe, consider, declare, feel,find, guess, imagine, prove, realize, suppose, think, 等。4) whword +不定式”结构不定式前加一个疑 问代词 (what,which, who, whom, whose)或疑问副词(where, when, how, why) ，以及连词 whether 构成特殊的不定式短语，其 作用相当于一个从句，这样的不定式短语常在某些动词后面作宾语。 常见的可以接这种不定式短语的动词有：know,see,decide,

22、tell,ask,consider,discover,explain, findout,forget,guess,hear,imagine,inquire,le arn,observe,perceive,remember,think,understand,wonder 等。【例如】I couldn ' t decide which book to choose. I can tellyouswheresto get this book.They found it hard to decidewhether to go swimming next Sunday or to visit A

23、untSally in New Year.“ wh word+不定式”结构除了作宾语外，还可以在句中作主语或者表语。【例如】Whento start the program remains undecided. The question is how to put the plansintospractice.5) 不定式作状语a) 不定式作状语表示目的。或用于 so as和inorder 之后， 来强调这种目的。【例如】To learn a foreign language well, you must make painstakingefforts.Mother saved every c

24、ent she could spare to pay for my schooling.We must develop science and technology at high speedso as to raise scientific and cultural level of our country.Insgr 不定式在句子中可做主语、 宾语、表语、定语、 状语和宾语补语。1) 不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。 【例如】To complete the 30storied building in oneyear wasquite a difficult task.To do tha

25、t implies taking responsibility. 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用 it 做形式主语， 而将不定式放到谓语的后面。【例如】It is important for modern young people to masterat least two foreign languages.It 做形式主语， 不定式放在谓语动词之后常用 于下列结构中：a) It is 形 容 词 (easy, important, difficult, foolish,inconvenient,unnecessary,right,wrong.) ( for/of sb.)不定式【例如】It

26、is essential toreserve atable inadvance ofChristmas Eve.hard toput myhopessintoswords.It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only.It is important for us young people to learn English andmaster it.b) It is 名 词 (a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing,one' s du ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, n

27、o easy job.)不定式It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash.It is a pity to have to go without her.It is a glorious death to die for the people.c) It takes (sb.) sometime (hours, months, days,a lot of time, patience.)不定式It takes me three hours to learn English each day.It took them half th

28、e night to get home inthe snow.2) 不定式作表语不定式作表语常表示将来的动 作，主语常常是表示意向、打算、计划的词，如 wish, idea, task, purpose, duty,job 等。【例如】The most important thing for one' s health is to haveplenty of exercise.My chief purpose has been to point out the difficulties ofthe matter.The purpose of the organization is to

29、 greet all new comersto the city and to provide them with any necessaryinformation.What I wanted was to get the work done as quickly as possible.3) 不定式作宾语不定式常在下列动词后面作宾语：afford,agree,apply,arrange,ask,attempt,beg,begin,care,choose,claim,consent,demand,decide,desire,de termine,expect,fail,hope,hesitat

30、e,hate,intend,learn,like,manage,mean,neglect,offer,plan,preparepretend,promise,refuse,resolve,seek,tend,threaten,want 等。【例如】I like to go out for walks in the warmsunshine inspring.Mymother hates to movefrom place to place, for she feelstired.I decide to work hard and get doctor s degree.The room is

31、designed to be mystudy,but now it has tobe used as a bedroom for the children.She failed to finish the assignment in time, and she wasworried about it.There is a man at the reception desk whoseems very angryand I think he means( )trouble.(CET-4 1997,1)A) making B) to makeC) to have made D)shavingsmade mean后面一般加不定式，所以A和D可以排除。根据句意， 他看起来非常生气，他想找麻烦，不定式的动 作还没有实施，应用一般式，因此答案为B。不定式作宾语还常用在下面结构中；主语动词 it 形容词不定式。 【例如】We found it impossible to get everythingready in time.I think it important to learn English well in college.