(新课标)2020届高考英语二轮复习攻关篇专题四说明文

1、专题四说明文专项强化训练AEvery fast-food employee knows that the drive-through window is the worst position.The window sticks with constant ice;the roar of engines hurts your 1 ;your words are lost in the howling wind.On a 2 afternoon,everything changed.Every once in a while,the sub-zero temperatures seal a3 wi

2、ndowsshut.Drivers don ' t exactly enjoy having to stand outside in the cold, 4 their orders into a speaker box,when they expect to drive through on their heated leather seats.In such cases,most customers tend to show their annoyance to the employees.This woman was 5 .“I' ll get the next car

3、' s 6 as well, " she said as she came up to the window to pay.She stood outside,7 much snow on her hair.Thoughshe was obviously freezing,her bright8 lit up her face like a fire.“You can' t 9 their drinks, " I said,confused and tired.“No,but I ' ll buy them, " she said.Comp

4、letely puzzled,Icharged her as10 ,and when the nextcustomer arrived at the window I explainedwhat had just happened.Iwatched as his 11changed first angry to be out in the cold,then12 at the random act of kindness,and finally,delighted by his13 .“I suppose I ' ll pay for the next order then, &quo

5、t; he replied,nodding and waving at the impatient driver14 him.He 15 over the cash andreceived his pre-paid hot drink.The trend continued.Customers arrived annoyed,only to leave 16 and pleased.Some were shocked to spend much more than they had expected, 17 others ended up receiving their order for l

6、ess than half the price.Five vehicles passed,then ten,then twenty.No one refused to pay.Customers stood at my window 18 a fistful of change to buy drinks for a complete stranger.Cars drove off,honking( 鸣笛)and 19 their thanks.It only takes one customer,one person,to change the entire20 oftraffic.It o

7、nly takes one moment,one smile,to warm up even the coldest of days.【语篇导读】文章讲的是在寒冷的冬天,一位陌生女士为下一位顾客付了款，下一位 顾客又帮着再下一位付了款，这样所有的顾客都是在寒冷、不耐烦中到来，在高兴、 温暖中离开。有时候，偶然为之的善意举动会使人温暖。1 .A.earsB.handsC.feetD.back解析：根据常识可知引擎的轰鸣声对耳朵(ears)有伤害，故A项正确。答案：A2 .A.freezing B.sunnyC.warmD.usual解 析 : freezing“ 冰 冻 的 , 严 寒 的 ”

8、;sunny “ 阳 光 充 足 的 ” ;warm “ 暖 和的” ;usual “通常的 , 平常的”。根据下一段句首的 Every once in a while,thesub-zero temperatures.可推断天气很冷,故A项正确。答案 : A3 .A.truck s B.vehicle sC.car sD.lorry s解析 : truck “卡车” ;vehicle “车辆” ;car “汽车” ;lorry “货车”。零度以下的气温使得车辆的窗户都密封了。此处泛指各种交通车辆, 包括卡车 , 汽车等 , 故 B 项正确。答案 : B4 .A.offeringB.throw

9、ingC.screamingD.cancelling解析 : offer “提供” ;throw “投 , 抛” ;scream “尖叫” ;cancel “取消 , 撤销”。根据 上 半 句 Drivers don t exactly enjoy having to stand outside in thecold. 可知驾驶员并不喜欢站在寒风里, 再根据下句中 .most customers tendto show their annoyance to the employees 可推知此处表示: 驾驶员对着话筒高声喊着点饮料，故C项符合语境。答案 : C5 .A.politeB.angr

10、yC.popularD.different解析 : polite “有礼貌的” ;angry “生气的” ;popular “流行的” ;different “不同 的 ” 。 根 据 上 段 末 In such cases,most customers tend to show theirannoyance to the employees. 以及下段中女士的表现可知此处表示这个女士与众不同，故D项正确。答案 : D6 .A.numberB.coffeeC.feeD.order解析 : 根据第 14 空前的 I suppose I ll pay for the next order then

11、 可知此处表示她想顺便帮下一辆车的车主付餐费，故D项正确。答案 : D7 .A.coveringB.increasingC.gatheringD.falling解析 : 句意 : 她站在外面, 很多雪落在她的头发上。 cover “覆盖” ;increase “增加"；gather “聚集”；fall“落下”。根据语境可知 C项正确。答案 : C8 .A.eyesB.smileC.hairD.annoyance解析 : 句意 : 尽管她非常冷, 但是她灿烂的微笑像火一样照亮了她的脸。根据上文可知她的与众不同, 即不像其他驾驶员表现得那样恼怒, 故此处 B项正确。答案 : B9 .A.

12、payB.takeC.buyD.bring解析 : 根据下文的 but I ll buy them 可知 , 此处表示“我”以为她想带走别人的饮料，故B项take正确。答案 : B10 .A.instructedB.requestedC.directedD.suggested解 析 : instruct “ 通 知 , 指 导 ” ;request “ 要 求 , 请 求 ” ;direct “ 指 导 , 指挥” ;suggest “建议 ; 表明”。上段中讲到这位女士将为他们付款, “我”感到很困惑，但还是按照她的要求收费，根据语境可知B项正确。答案 : B11 .A.gestureB.e

13、xpressionC.figureD.feeling解 析 : gesture “ 姿 势 , 手 势 ” ;expression “ 表 情 ” ;figure “ 数 字 ; 人 物 ; 图形” ;feeling “感觉”。根据破折号后的解释first angry to be out in thecold,then可知此处表示“我”观察到他表情的改变，故B项正确。答案 : B12 .A.inspired B.upsetC.surprised D.disappointed解 析 : inspired “ 有 灵 感 的 ” ;upset “ 心 烦 的 , 混 乱 的 ” ;surprise

14、d “ 惊 讶的” ;disappointed “失望的 , 沮丧的”。根据语境可知, 此处表示女士后面的顾客随后对这种偶然为之的善举感到很惊讶，故C项正确。答案 : C13 .A.turnB.senseC.deedD.luck解析 : turn “转向 , 转变” ;sense “感觉” ;deed “行为” ;luck “运气”。根据语境可知此处表示最后他对于自己的幸运感到很开心，故D项正确。答案 : D14 .A.beyond B.beforeC.besideD.behind可知 , 此处表示解析 : 根据句首的 I suppose I ll pay for the next order

15、 then他也要帮后面(behind) 等得不耐烦的司机付款。答案 : D15 .A.tookB.lookedC.handedD.thought解析 : 句意 : 他付了现 金, 拿起早已为他付过款的热饮。 take over “ 接管, 接受” ;look over “检查 , 仔细查看” ;hand over “交给 , 移交” ;think over “仔细考虑”。根据语境可知C项正确。答案 : C16 .A.shyB.calmC.anxiousD.regretful解析：shy “害羞的"；calm “平静的"；anxious "焦虑的，担忧的"

16、；regretful "后悔的 , 遗憾的”。根据此空前的 only to 可知 , 此处表示与前面的情况相反, 即顾客来的时候很生气，但离开时却很平静很高兴，故B项正确。答案 : B17 .A.whileB.sinceC.asD.unless解析 : 句意 : 一些人惊讶地发现花费的比预料中的要多 , 而一些人拿到他们点的餐时花费却还不到他们预料的一半。由语境可知 , 此处表示转折, 意为“然而, 但是” , 故用 while 引导。答案 : A18 .A.makingB.emptyingC.lyingD.holding解析:根据上旬No one refused to pay可知此

17、处表示顾客们都拿出钱来为下一个完全陌生的人买热饮，此处empty做动词，意为“清空，把弄空”，符合语境,即 把钱拿出来。答案：B19 .A.explainingB.sendingC.introducing D.casting解析：explain “解释”；send "发送，发射"；introduce"介绍，引进"；cast “投，抛”。根据语境可知此处表示鸣笛声送出了他们的感谢，故B项正确。答案：B20 .A.jamB.rowC.flowD.line解析：前文提到一个又一个的人为其身后的顾客付款，故此处指只需要一个顾客，一个人，来改变绵绵不断的车流。fl

18、ow “流动，流量”，符合语境。答案：CBHave you ever asked yourself what makes people successful?If you look around and talk to those who are very successful,you will see that they all 1 certain qualities which have proved 2for theirsuccess.It is evident that successful people are those who act.When they find somethi

19、ng needs to be done,they just do it instead of waiting.They believe that 3 is taken,not given.They 4 immediately what has to be done and then do it with 5 ,thus strengthening their reputation.Successful people are 6 about the things they do,especially whenthey 7 what they are doing.They are motivate

20、d by their own8 andthe joy they get from doing their work.They work hard9 when no oneis watching and they throw themselves into their work.They do not 10 failure.Failures and disappointments in life are11 .It is failure that teaches us much more than success.Successful people pick themselves up afte

21、r a fall and try again with moredetermination and 12 and learn from each failure.They13 withthose they can learn from and enjoy the company of those who 14 their achievement.Having good IQ often gets a person what he wants but it ' s 15 the EQ that keeps him there and helps him enjoy a high repu

22、tation.Successful people are polite to everyone and treat others with respect.By giving respect to others,they 16 respect for themselves.Another important 17 of successful persons is that they never complain.It ' s better to praise others.So instead of complaining about a situation,successful pe

23、ople always try to solve it.To put it 18 ,take action and be enthusiastic.Do not be afraid to fail, 19 get up and start again.When you do so,success will be just 20_ the corner.【语篇导读】文章主要介绍了做一个成功人士所具备的要素，即行动起来，充满热情,不要害怕失败，失败了站起来从头再来。1.A.improve B.raiseC.testD.possess解析 : improve “改善 , 提高” ;raise “增加

24、 ; 养育” ;test “测试” ;possess “拥有”。句意: 如果你看看周围 , 并与那些成功人士讲话时, 你会发现他们都具有某些在其成功过程中起到重要作用的优良品质。根据语境可知D项正确。答案 : D2 .A.vitalB.individualC.personalD.mental解 析 : vital “ 至 关 重 要 的 ” ;individual “ 个 体 的 ” ;personal “ 个 人的” ;mental “精神的”。根据语境可知 , 此处表示那些品质对于他们的成功来讲是至关重要的 , 故 A 项正确。答案 : A3 .A.devotionB.responsibi

25、lityC.authorityD.administration解 析 : devotion “ 敬 业 , 投 入 ” ;responsibility “ 责 任 ” ;authority “ 权威” ;administration “管理”。句意: 他们认为应该去承担责任 , 而不是推卸责任。根据本段第一句 It is evident that successful people are those whoact.可知B项正确。答案 : B4 .A.sighB.showC.weighD.hope解析 : sigh “叹息”;show “显示, 表示” ;weigh “权衡 , 考虑” ;ho

26、pe “希望”。根据语境可知此处表示他们立即考虑要做什么，故C项正确。答案 : C5 .A.pleasure B.honorC.adventure D.behavior解析:pleasure “快乐,乐意“ ；honor “荣誉” ；adventure “探险” ；behavior ”行 为”。根据下段中的the joy they get from doing their work提示可知 A项符合语境。答案：A6 .A.enthusiasticB.characteristicC.energetic D.authentic解析：enthusiastic “热情的" character

27、istic“典型的" ；energetic“精力充沛的"；authentic“真正的”。根据最后一段中的To put it ,take actionand be enthusiastic.提示可知，此处表示成功的人对他们所做的事情充满热情，故A项正确。答案：A7 .A.bring inB.believe inC.call inD.join in解析：bring in “引进” ；believe in “相信，信任” ;call in“打进电话” ;joinin “加入”。根据语境可知此处表示尤其是当他们坚信他们所做的事情时，故B项正确。答案：B8 .A.effortB.sa

28、tisfactionC.conditionD.value解析：effort “努力”；satisfaction" 满意condition "条件，状况" ；value “价值”。根据止匕空后的the joy they get from doing their work可知此处表示他们被自己的满足感而激励着，故B项正确。答案：B9 .A.justB.rightC.onlyD.even解析 : 句意 : 他们努力工作, 甚至在没有人关注时, 他们仍旧全身心地投入到工作中。根据语境可知，空格前后两分旬间为递进关系，故D项正确。答案 : D10 .A.representB

29、.expectC.fearD.want解析 : represent “代表 , 象征” ;expect “期望” ;fear “害怕 , 惧怕” ;want “想要”。根据最后一段的 Do not be afraid to fail 可知此处表示他们并不害怕失败，故C项正确。答案 : C11 .A.apparent B.uncomfortableC.unavoidable D.urgent解析 : apparent “明显的” ;uncomfortable “不舒服的” ;unavoidable “不可避免的” ;urgent “紧迫的”。根据语境可知此处表示失败和失望在生活中是不可避免的 ,

30、 故 C 项正确。答案 : C12 .A.commitmentB.arrangementC.movement D.achievement解 析 : commitment“ 承 诺 , 献 身 ” ;arrangement “ 安 排 ” ;movement“ 运动” ;achievement “成就”。句意: 成功的人在跌倒后会爬起来, 并且更坚定地去尝试 , 并从每次失败中吸取教训。根据语境可知 , 此处用 commitment 和空前的determination 相呼应。答案 : A13 .A.progress B.workC.associate D.celebrate解 析 : progress “ 进 步 ” ;work “ 工 作 ” ;associate “ 使 联 合 ” ;celebrate “ 庆祝”。根据语境可知此处表示他们与那些他们可以向之学习的人交往,associatewith “交往 , 联系” , 为固定结构, 符合语