2020年高考英语易错题集锦独立主格结构with与复合结构

1、、单项选择（题型注释）1 The football match , crowds of people poured out into the street.A. was over B. has been over C. being overD. had been over【答案】C【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意“足球赛结束了，人群流进了街道。 ”两个分句的主语不一致的时候，要分别加上自己的主语，这就是独立主格结构。前一个分句表示的是原因，后一分句是结果。Match 和 be over 之间是主谓关系，用现在分词。故选C。2 Time _, we ll visit the university

2、next week.A. permitted B.permitting C. being permitted D. having permitted【答案】B【解析】3 The factory produced many famous cars, none of shipped to foreign countries.A. them B. which C. it D. what【答案】A【解析】本题容易误选 Bo容易被认为是一个非限制性定语从句。理由是 none后面没 有并列连词and, but。但是，ship在这里是一个及物动词，意思为“运送到”，也就是说这里的shipped 是一个过去分

3、词，后面的部分是一个独立主格结构。如果在 shipped前面加一个was,则应该选B,构成非限制性定语从句。4I urged that he ahead with his plan the moment he told me that he wouldgive up.A. goB. goes C. will goD. must go【答案】A【解析】考查urge 用法。 Urge 后接 that 从句（谓语动词是should + 动词原形，should可以省略）结合语境可知选A。5. With the weather conditions , they flew to London immed

4、iately.A. considered B. considering C. to consider D. to be considered【答案】A【解析】 考察非谓语动词. 句意 : 考虑到天气状况. 他们立即飞去了伦敦. 过去分词表示被动的发生过的动作，和被修饰词是动宾关系，结合语境可知选 A为最佳答案.6 hardly made Mike pay any attention to his mistakes A Scolding; correctingB Being scolded; correctC Being scolded; correctingD Having been scol

5、ded; correct【答案】C【解析】略7A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing to help us , most of women.A. themB. them areC. whomD. that【答案】A【解析】8 on earth do you supposethis?A. What; could doB. What; could have doneC. Who; do D. Who; could have done【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：你究竟认为谁能做这件事？这里是特殊疑问句，do you suppose 是插入语，插入语

6、的语序必须是陈述语序，这里正好疑问词作主语，做事必须是某人来做所以排除AB,这里who做主语时，谓语动词应t用单数，故排除 C所以应选 d 考点：考查插入语的用法。点评：本题难度适中。插入语在近几年的高考中经常出现，有插入语的句子增加了试题的难度，考生如果分不清插入语与句子的其他成分，很容易判断错误；这里考生容易误 选C。即学即练：Many people thought little of me ， but I did what.A.I thought I was rightB.I thought it wasrightC.I thought was rightD.I was thoughtr

7、ight 解析：Co句意：把插入语I thought抽掉，然后观察句子，答案就明显了； what引导 了一个宾语从句，宾语从句中含有一个插入语I thought 。9 With a lot of difficult problems , the manager felt like a cat onhot bricks.A. settlingB. to settleC. being settledD. settled【答案】B【解析】本题考查with复合结构。A项表主动，B项表将来，而本题中问题还没有解决，经理像热锅上的蚂蚁，所以选择B， D 项指问题已经解决了。10 The stranger

8、stood by the window, with his eyes on the hills in thedistance.A. fixing B. to fix C. to be fixed D. fixed【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查with 的复合结构。本题with 的宾语 his eyes 与动词 fix 之间构成被动的关系，故使用过去分词的形式做宾语补足语。句意：那个陌生人站在窗口，眼睛盯着远处的山。根据句意说明D 正确。考点：考查with 复合结构点评： with 的复合结构为：with+ 宾语+宾语补足语；宾语补足语可以是名词，代词，形容词，副词，现在分词，过去分词，也可以

9、是不定式。对宾语的情况进行补充说明。当做宾语补足语的动词与宾语构成被动关系的时候，使用过去分词的形式；当二者构成主动关系的时候，使用现在分词的形式。要注意With 的复合结构经常与独立主格结构转换使用。【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查独立结构。句意：约翰告诉我他想和我去远足，他的声音充满快乐。根据句子结构可知，两个句子没有连词，his voicejoy 应为句子的状语部分 , 可排除A、 B 两项； his voice heavy with joy 为“ n.+ adj. ”构成的独立结构，作状语，表示伴随情况，D项应该是full of ,故选C项。考点：考查独立主格结构试题分析：考查with

10、 复合结构：句意：大多数公司营销工作重点是得到顾客，几乎没人注意留住他们的。这里用 with 复合结构“with+ 宾语+宾语补足语”，因为 attention和 pay 是被动关系，用过去分词做宾语补足语，选C。考点：考查with 复合结构13 When I passed this afternoon, I saw a little boy was lying on the grass, his hands under his head.A. having crossedB. crossing C. crossedD. to cross【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：当我今天下午路过的时候

11、，看见一个小男孩躺在草地上，他的双手交叉放在头底下。这里整个句子一个when 引导的时间状语，I saw a little boy was lying onthe grass 这是主句；his hands crossed under his head 是独立主格结构，cross one's hands,交叉手臂；这里 his hands与cross之间是被动关系，独立结构 sth+done ,这里的sth与 done 之间是被动关系，故选C。考点：考查独立主格结构的用法。14 Li Hua offered to devote all she could_ her written Eng

12、lish with ourmid-exam.A. improve, to come B. improve, comesC. to improving, come D. to improving, coming【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查不定式做目的状语和with 复合结构：句意：因为期中考试要到了，李华主动提出把她所有的东西都致力于提高英语的书写。第一空用不定式做目的状语，第二空填现在分词做宾语补足语，因为 mid-term和come是主动关系，选 C。考点：考查不定式做目的状语和with 复合结构15 It s quite strange that the man sleeps with

13、 his mouth and his eyesA. closing; open B. closed; open C. closing; opening D. closed; opened【答案】B【解析】考查with 复合结构。With 的复合结构为：with+ 宾语+宾语补足语。Closed 与opened 都是形容词在句中做补足语。句意：真是奇怪，这个人嘴巴闭着眼睛睁着睡觉。故 B 正确。16 （2013 浙江金华三校考前模拟）clearly nothing to do, thesoldiers left the village the next day.A It; wasB It; be

14、ingC There; was D There; being【答案】D【解析】D 考查非谓语动词的独立主格结构。句意：很明显无事可做，士兵们在第二天就离开了那个村庄。根据题意可知，句子的主语为the soldiers ，与前半部分的逻辑主语不一致，应用 there be句型的独立主格结构，作状语，故答案为D项。17 Having you ever in front of thousands of people at a concert, witheveryone while you were singing?A. dreamed of to be; clappedB. dreamt to be

15、; to clapC. dreamed of being; clappingD. dream of being; to be clapping【答案】C【解析】 第一空 dream of 后面应该接动名词；第二空是with 的复合结构，with sb doingsth;sb 和 do 之间存在着主动的关系，所以后面使用现在分词doing.18 With all the housework ， Marty went to a movie， happy and relaxed.A to completeB completedC completing D to be completed【答案】B【解

16、析】考查独立主格结构。这里是 with 宾语宾语补足语结构，宾语是 all the housework，宾语补足语和宾语构成动宾关系，根据句意可知家务活已全部干完，故用过去分词表示被动和完成。【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查倒装句和独立主格结构。当“so+形容词/副词”放在句首的时候，后面的句子使用部分倒装的形式。排除BC。因为两部分之间没有连词连接，说明第二部分不能是句子，故使用独立主格 结构。句意：现在的情况是如此的让人绝望，以至于没有人能够帮助别人，每个人都努力自救和救自己的动物。故D 正确。考点：考查倒装句和独立主格结构。点评：。当“so+形容词/副词”放在句首的时候，后面的句子使用部

17、分倒装的形式。因为两部分之间没有连词连接，说明第二部分不能是句子，故使用独立主格结构。20 With his son , the old man felt unhappy.A. disappointed B. to be disappointed C. disappointing D. being disappointed【答案】C【解析】disappointing 使人失望21 the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn't go on with the experience.A. Since B. With C. As D. For【

18、答案】B【解析】此句中含有一个用 with引导的独立分词结构， 在句子中彳状语。since,as和for 三个词在表示“因为，由于”这一概念时，均是连词，其后要用完整的句子，不可只跟短语。22Why are they taking all the equipment away ?, they are packing up to leave.A. The job was doneB. The job has been doneC. With the job doneD. With the job doing【答案】C【解析】23 With no central government,the is

19、land was ruled by kings, a different region of the country.A.each controllingB.each controlledC.each to controlD.each was controlling【答案】A【解析】each controlling of the country为独立主格结构，由“代词+现在分词”构成，在句尾表伴随。24 -What do you think made Celia so happy?-a prize in the recent competition.A. As she wonB. Won C.

20、 Winning D. Because of winning【答案】C【解析】 回答 what 要用名词或相当于名词的动名词。句意： 什么事使得Celia 如此高兴？在最近的比赛当中获奖让他高兴。 25 five minutesbefore the last train left,we arrived atthe station.A. There being; to goB. It was; leftC. It had; leftD. There was; to go【答案】A【解析】 26 Everything into consideration the plan is practical

21、.A.takingB.taken C.tookD.having taken【答案】B【解析】 试题分析：考查独立主格结构。take 与逻辑主语everything 之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词。句意：考虑到一切事情，这个计划是可行的。 考点：考查独立主格结构。27 The movie Jurassic Park was a big hit, with its novel idea amixture of fear and excitement into people s hearts.A. strikes B. struckC. to strikeD.striking 【答案】D【解析】 试

22、题分析：考查with 复合结构：句意：电影侏罗纪公园大受欢迎, 其新奇的想法使某人感到惊人的恐惧和兴奋。Its novel idea 和 strike 是主动关系，选D。考点：考查with 复合结构28 Spring Festival coming, train tickets must be purchased two weeksin advance. A As B When C For D With 【答案】D【解析】 试题分析：考查 with 的复合结构。句意： 随着春节的临近，火车票可以提前二周购买。With宾语宾语补足语，春节与come之间是主谓关系，故选 D项。考点 : 考查 wi

23、th 的复合结构29 The mother watched her child playing on the beach, in front ofher chest.A crossed her hands B crossing her hands C with her hands crossing D with her hands to be crossed 【答案】B【解析】 试题分析：句意：双手抱在胸前，这位母亲看着她的孩子在海滩上玩耍。本句中动词短语 cross her hands 在句中做伴随状语，cross 与主语 the mother 构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词在句中做状语。C

24、项应该把crossing 改成crossed。故B正确。考点：考查非谓语动词30 The human body consists of organs, each a definite job to do.A. have B. to have C. has D. having 【答案】D试卷第 5 页，总 7 页【解析】试题分析：句意：人的身体由器官组成，每个器官都有一定的工作做。本题两部分之间 没有连词，说明后半部分不是句子，而是独立主格结构。独立主格结构是由名词+非谓语构成，排除AG Each与have构成主动关系，故使用现在分词的形式。each having adefinite job t

25、o do="and" each has a definite job to do.故 D 正确。考点：考查独立主格结构31. . The window by Tom yesterday. Mr. White is repairing it now.A. was broken B. broke C. is broken D. breaks 【答案】A 【解析】试题分析：句意：昨天汤姆把窗子打坏了。怀特先生现在正在修理它。根据题意可知， 窗子是被打坏的，应该用被动语态，又在昨天打坏是过去的动作，用一般过去时，故选 Ao考点：考查动词的时态和语态的用法。32. . Sorry,

26、Madam. Any problem?Yes. The fish is served undercooked and with nothing .A. to add B. adding C. added D. adds 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：句意：-对不起，太太，有什么问题吗？-是，这条鱼没有烧熟，也没有加东西。这里使用了with复合结构：with+宾语+宾语补足语，nothing和add是被动关系，用过去分词做宾语补足语。选Co考点：考查 with复合结构33. 一 Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.- Sorr

27、y. With so much work my mind, I almost break down.A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. Fills【答案】B【解析】句意：来吧，给我一些关于这个工程的想法。 不好意思，我脑袋里有很多工作， 我快崩溃了。 So much work与填满my mind是主动关系，故选择B。考点：with复合结构34. the problem of land erosion getting more serious, the government is searching for a way to deal with it.A. AsB. With C. WhenD. If【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考察with复合结构。with的复合结构相当于一个状语从句，其基本结构为：with+宾语+宾语补足语；宾语补足语可以是名词，代词，形容词，副词