2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(全国卷2,含答案)完整版

1、2018 年 普 通 高 等 学 校 招 生 全 国 统 一 考 试 英 语 试 题 （ 全 国 卷 2）（考试时间：120 分钟试卷满分：150 分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分7.5 分）听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每

2、段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例： Howmuchistheshirt ？A. 19.15. B. 9.18.C. 9.15.1 .WhatdoesJohnfinddifficultinlearningGerman ？A.Pronunciation. B.Vocabulary. C.Grammar.2 .Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers ？A.Colleagues.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.3 .Wheredoestheconver

3、sationprobablytakeplace ？A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.C.Onatrain.4 .Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout ？A.Arestaurant.B.Astreet.C.Adish.5 .Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherinterview ？A.Itwastough.B.Itwasinteresting.C.Itwassuccessful.第二节（共15 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

4、听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第6、 7 题。6 .WhenwillJudygotoaparty ？A.OnMonday. B.OnTuesday. C.OnWednesday.7 .WhatwillMaxdonext ？A.Flyakite. B.Readamagazine. C.Dohishomework.听第 7 段材料，回答第8、 9 题。8 .Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingatfirst ？A.Goingtoaconcert.B.Watchingam

5、ovie.C.Playingacomputergame.9 .Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo ？A.VisitMike . B.Goboating. C.Takeawalk.听第 8 段材料，回答第10 至 12 题。10 .Whichcolordocatsseebetterthanhumans ？A.Red. B.Green.C.Blue.11 .Whydocatsbringdeadbirdshome ？A.Toeattheminasafeplace.B.Toshowofftheirhuntingskills.C.Tomaketheirownershappy.12 .

6、Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation ？A.Grateful.B.Humorous.C.Curious.听第 9 段材料，回答第13 至 16 题。13 .WhoisMacy？A.Ed steafriend .14 .HowdoesEdusuallygotokindergarten ？A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.15 .WhatdoesEdenjoydoingatthekindergarten ？A.Tellingstories. B.Singingsongs.C.Playingwithothers.16 .Whatdot

7、heteacherssayaboutEd ？A.He sclever . B.He squiet . C.He sbrave .听第 10 段材料，回答第17 至 20 题。17.AtwhatagedidEmilystartlearningballetA.Five. B.Six.C.Nine.18 .WhydidEmilymovetoToronto ？A.Toworkforadanceschool.B.Toperformatadancetheater.C.Tolearncontemporarydance.19 .WhydidEmilyquitdancing ？A.Shewastoooldtod

8、ance.B.Shefailedtogetascholarship.C.Shelostinterestinit.20 .HowdoesEmilyfeelaboutstoppingtraining ？A.She supset第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分 ）第一节 （ 共 15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分 ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASummerActivitiesStudentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/careers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo

9、.Formswillbeavailableinschoolandonlineforthemtoindicatetheirchoicesandreturntoschool.Beforechoicesarefinalised,parent s/careerswillbeaskedtosigntoconfirmtheirchildschoices.ActivityDescriptionOutdoorAdventure(OUT)Takeyourself outofyourcom fortzonefora week,discove rnewpersonal qualities,an dlearnnews

10、ki lls.Youwillb eabletotakep artinanumber ofactivities fromcanoeing towildcampin gonDartmoor. Learnrockcli mbingandwork asateam,ande njoythegreat outdoorenvirMemberofstaffCostMr.Clemens 140onment.WW旧attlefieIds andParis (WBP)OnMondaywetr aveltoLondon .Afterstayin governightin London,wetra velonDay2t

11、on orthernFranc etovisittheW orldWarIbatt lefields.OnD ay3wecrossin toBelgium.Th ursdayseesus maketheshort journeytoPar iswherewewil lvisitDisney landParispar k,stayingunt illatetoseet heparadeandtMrs.Milson425hefireworks. Ourfinalday, Friday,seesu svisitcentra lParisandtou rthemainsigh ts.CraftyFox

12、es(CRF)Fourdaysofpr oductdesignc entredaround textiles.Mak inglovelyobj ectsusingrec ycledandmade materials.Ba gs,cushionsa nddecoration s.Learnski llsandleavew ithmodernand unusualtexti les.Mrs.Goode30PottyaboutPotter(POT)VisitWarnerB rosStudio,sh opstoptobuypMissDrake 150icnic,stayov ernightinana

13、pprovedYouthHostelinStre atley-on-Tha mes,guidedto urofOxfordto seethefilmlo cations,picn iclunchoutsi deOxford sC hristchurch, boatingonthe RiverCherwel lthroughtheU niversityPar ks,beforehea dingbacktoEx eter.21.Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocamping?A.OUT.B.WBP.C.CRF. D.POT.22.What?will?t

14、he?students?do?on?Tuesday?with?Mrs.?Wilson? A.Travel?to?London.?B.See?a?parade?and?fireworks.C.Tour?central?Paris.D.Visit?the?WWI?battlefields.23.How?long?does?Potty?about?Potter?last?A.Two?days.B.Four?days.C.Five?days.D.One?week.BManyofusloveJulybecauseit sthemonthwhennature sberriesandsto nefruits

15、areinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsformBritishCol umbia sfieldsarelittlepowerhous esofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,b ecauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein（蛋 白质 ）,ironandzinc（notthatfruitshavemuchprotein）.Blueberriesarepa

16、rti cularlyhighinantioxidants（抗氧化物质 ）.Theyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecaroten oidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries（樱桃 ）,theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesofslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmake anexcellentbase

17、forthick ,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat “icecream” .F orthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Re movetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyouli ke,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbro wn.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingonth

18、eirripenessandt hetemperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberries orslicedfruit.Outcomesa “soft -serve“ creamydessert,tobeeatenright away.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren sparty;theylove feedingthe fruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecr

19、eam comeoutbelow.24.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?A.Theycontainprotein.B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.25.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.C.Tospeeduptheirripening.D.Toimprovetheirnutrition.2

20、6.Whatis ajuicerinthelastparagraph?A.Adessert.B.Adrink.C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.27.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.CTeensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCo mmonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.Whilethedeclin

21、eoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedataint hereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren slives,and indicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.Accordingtothereport skeyfindings, “ theproportion（比例 ）whosaythey hardlyever readforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13 -year -oldsand9percento

22、f17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespec tivelytoday. ”Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren, ages2 8,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeac hsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpe rsession.Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,

23、thereportdoeslittletocounsel（建议 ）parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonread ing.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsser vingasexamplesandimportantguidesf

24、ortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading. Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequent readers,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentsw horeadmoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.Astheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom（逼近 ）ahead,parentsmi

25、ghttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerr eadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.28.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?A.Children sreadinghabits.B.Qualityofchildren sbooks.C.Children safter -classactivities.D.Parent-childrelationships.29.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsup

26、portschildrenarereadingalotl essforfun?A.Inparagraph2.B.Inparagraph3.C.Inparagraph4.D.Inparagraph5.30.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?A.E-booksareofpoorquality.B.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.C.Itmayharmchildren shealth.D.E-readersareexpensive.31.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?A.Act

27、asrolemodelsforthem.B.Askthentowritebookreports.C.Setupreadinggroupsforthem.D.Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.DWe veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surro undedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,wors e,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.What stheproblem?It

28、 spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconvers ationalintelligence.It smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversation becauseit sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit sannoyingandunnece ssary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsma lltalkiswo rththetrouble.Expertssayit saninvaluablesocialpracti

29、ce thatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan tforgetthatde eprelationshipswouldn t evenexistifitweren tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease（ 润滑 剂 ）forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShyne ssResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.Almos

30、teverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltal k,heexplains.Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notju stcommunicatewiththem. Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatU BC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseeko utanintera

31、ction（互动 ）withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshow edthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpo sitivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.It snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,saysDunn. Butinteractionswithperipheral（边 缘的 ）memberso

32、foursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso. Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificant lygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelop ingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners, hesays. 32.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstpara

33、graph? A.Addictiontosmartphones. B.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces. C.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers. D.Impatiencewithslowservice.33.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?A.Showinggoodmanners.B.Relatingtootherpeople.C.Focusingonatopic.D.Makingbusinessdeals.34.Whatdoe

34、sthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B.Itraisespeople sconfidence.C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ConversationCountsB.WaysofMakingSmallTalkC.BenefitsofSmallTalkD.UncomfortableSilence第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短

35、文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuc hbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutin themorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysically万t.Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhat

36、everisaheadofyoufortheday.37 Yourmetabolism（新陈代谢）getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie（里）burningbeneftsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbe tterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soi tismorediff

37、iculttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexci ted.40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemoreli kelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwantto ruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofo cusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,espec

38、iallyinthemornings.Se tyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelene rgizedalldaylong.A.Youwi11sticktoyourdiet.B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.F.Afteryou

39、exercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou redoingitnow,th enlistenup!第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Twoweeksearlier.m yson.Ben,hadgotintouch,he dmovedtoEnglandwit hhismumwhenhewasthre

40、eandithadbeen13yearssinceI d 41seenhim.Soimag inemy42whenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme.Iwas43!IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedto44.Thebaywa s45insunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150mofftheshore.Ge ttingalittle46.Irealizedonekayak（皮戈 U 艇）wasin47. “Something snot 48! Itoo

41、koffmyT -shirtand49jntothewater.Isawthereweretwoinstructorsonboardandamanlyingacrossthemiddle.Hew as50violently.Linkingarmswithoneoftheinstructors.Ihelped51theyoun gmanoutofthewater.HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,something 52tome.Thosebrowneyeswerevery53 . “What shisname?” Iaskedtheinstr ucto

42、r. Ben, hereplied,andimmediatelyI 54.Thatstrangerwasmyson!Theinstructorscalledforanambulance.55,afterabriefstayinhospit al,Benwaswellenoughtobeallowedto56andlaterthefamilymetupfordinner .WechattedabouteverythingandthenBen57 tome. Ijustwanttosaythankyo u, hesaid, “You58mylife! ”Istillcan tbelievewhat

43、a 59itwas.I mjustsogladIwasthere 60tohe lpmyson.41.A.alsoB.oftenC.evenD.last42.A.delightD.worry43.A.scared44.A.talk45.A.bathed46.A.fasterD.wiser47.A.trouble48.A.real49.A.stared50.A.arguing51.A.lead52.A.happened53.A.sharp54.A.agreed55.A.FortunatelyD.Suddenly56.A.returnD.leave57.A.joked58.A.created59.

44、A.coincidenceB.reliefC.angerB.shocked C.thrilledD.ashamedB.stayB.rightC.meetD.settleB.cleanC.deepD.formedB.closerC.heavierB.advanceC.questionD.battleC.fairD.fitB.sankC.divedD.fellB.fightingB.persuade C.carryC.shouting D.shakingB.occurred C.appliedB.pleasant C.attractiveB.hesitated C.doubtedB.Frankly

45、B.relaxB.turnedB.honoredB.changeD.keepD.appealedD.familiarD.knewC.SadlyC.speakC.listenedD.pointedC.savedD.guidedC.pityD.pain60.A.onboardB.intimeC.forsureD.onpurpose第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DietshavechangedinChina一andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry61 ( grow ) m

46、orecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover62pas t25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent. Atasteformeatis63(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcornsrise :Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64(improve

47、) waterquality.Cornuseslesswater65riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化月巴)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66(poJ!yte)inthecountrysmajorlak esandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople. AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal6_7(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgricul

48、turefind sthatbetween2005whenthegovernment68(start)asoil-testingprogram69givesspecificfert ilizerrecommendationstofarmers-and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7m illiontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.Chinasapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70（feed）itscitizensoffersusefullessonsforagricu ltureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.saysthebanksJuergenVoegele.第四部分写作（共两节，满分 35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以 下作文，文中共有