2012年厦门大学考研真题写作与英汉互译

1、机密启用前和使用过程中厦门大学 2012 年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题科目代码： 708科目名称：写作与英汉互译招生专业：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言考生须知：答题必须使用黑（蓝）色墨水（圆珠）笔；不得直接在试卷（试题纸）或草稿纸上作答；凡未按上述规定作答均不予评阅、判分，责任考生自负。题型： I 汉译英II英译汉III 英语写作总分值： 150 每小题分值： I.40 II.35 III.75I. Translate the following two passages into English. (40 points)A. Translate the following pa

2、ssage into English. (20 points)我深深爱着的祖国 历经磨难而又自强不息。千百年来，中华民族一次次战胜了天灾人祸，渡过了急流险滩，昂首挺胸地走到今天。深重的灾难，铸就了她百折不挠、自强不息的品格。中华民族的历史证明了一个真理：一个民族在灾难中失去的，必将从民族的进步中得到补偿。经过半个多世纪的艰苦奋斗，中国有了比较大的发展，经济总量跃居世界前列，但我们仍然是一个发展中国家，同发达国家相比还有很大的差距。人口多，底子薄，发展不平衡，这种基本国情还没有从根本上得到改变。中国的人均 GDP 水平，排在世界 100 位之后，仅为英国的 1/16 左右。到过中国旅游的朋友，你

3、们所看到的城市是现代的，而我们的农村还比较落后。到本世纪中叶，中国要基本实现现代化，面临三大历史任务：既要努力实现欧洲早已完成的工业化，又要追赶新科技革命的浪潮；既要不断提高经济发展水平，又要实现社会公平正义；既要实现国内的可持续发展，又要承担相应的国际责任。中国要赶上发达国家水平，还有很长很长的路要走，还会遇到许多艰难险阻。但是，任何困难都阻挡不住中国人民前进的步伐，只要我们坚持不懈地努力奋斗，中国现代化的目标就一定能够实现。第 1 页共 4 页708 写作与英汉互译B. Translate the following passage into English. (20 points)你们现

4、在要离开母校了，我没有什么礼物送给你们，只好送你们一句话罢。这一句话是： “不要抛弃学问。 ”以前的工科也许有一大部分是为这张文凭，不得已而做的，从今而后，你们可以依自己的心愿去自由研究了。趁现在年富力强的时候，努力做一种学问。少年是一去不复返的， 等到精力衰时，努力做学问也来不及了。即为吃饭计，学问决不会辜负人的。吃饭而不求学问，三年五年后，你们都要被后来少年淘汰掉的。到那时再想做点学问来补救，恐怕已太晚了。我要对你们说：凡是要等到有了图书馆才读书的，有了图书馆也不肯读书。凡是等到有了实验室才做研究的，有了实验室也不肯做研究。你有了决心要研究一个问题，自然会撙衣节食去买书，自然会相处法子来设

5、置仪器。至于时间，更不成问题。达尔文一生多病，不能多作工，每天只能做一点钟的工作。你们看他的成绩！诸位， 11 万页书可以使你成为一个学者了，可是，每天看三种小报也得费你一点钟的工夫，四圈麻将也得费你一点半钟的光阴。看小报呢，还打麻将呢？还是努力做一个学者呢？全靠你们自己的选择！II. Translate the following two passages into Chinese. (35 points)A. Translate the following passage into Chinese. (20 points)The researchers found that these s

6、imulated Milky Ways were mostly green valley galaxies, supporting that the real Milky Way is in this transitional state too, the team reports in a paper to appear in theAstrophysical Journal .Past outbursts from the massive black hole at the Milky Way s centre may be to blame for this mid-life crisi

7、s. Radiation “burps”produced after matter fell into the black hole could have heated and expelled gas from the galaxy.And there may be a brief burst of star formation in 5 billion years, when the Milky Way is expected to merge with Andromeda, a nearby spiral galaxy whose properties also indicate it

8、is a green valley galaxy, the team says.The merger may send residual gas towards the centre of the merged object, triggering a short stellar baby boom before the galaxy settles into old age, says team member Darren Croton, also at Swinburne. The spiral discs of both galaxies will be destroyed in the

9、 collision, he says: “The violence of the merger will cement our place as a red and dead elliptical galaxy”.第 2 页共 4 页708 写作与英汉互译In case this sounds depressing, he notes that red elliptical galaxies are not completely devoid of activity. “Many of them continue to lead very interesting lives in their

10、 retirement, ”he says, pointing to a nearby elliptical called M87 that has spectacular jets streaming from its central black hole.B. Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15 points)Equal and exact justice to all men, a jealous care of the right of election by the people ; absolute acquiesce

11、nce in the decisions of the majority, the vital principle of republics, from which is no appeal but to force, the vital principle and immediate parent of despotism; the supremacy of the civil over the military authority; economy in the public expense, that labor may be lightly burthened; the honest

12、payment of our debts and sacred preservation of the public faith; encouragement of agriculture, and of commerce as its handmaid; the diffusion of information and arraignment of all abuses at the bar of the public reason; freedom of religion; freedom of the press, and freedom of person under the prot

13、ection of the habeas corpus, and trial by juries impartially selected. These principles form the bright constellation which has gone before us and guided our steps through an age of revolution and reformation. The wisdom of our sages and blood of our heroes have been devoted to their attainment. The

14、y should be the creed of our political faith, the text of civic instruction, the touchstone by which to try the services of those we trust; and should we wander from them in moments of error or of alarm, let us hasten to retrace our steps and to regain the road which alone leads to peace, liberty, a

15、nd safety.第 3 页共 4 页708 写作与英汉互译III. Writing. (75 points)A. Writing task 1. (40 points)Henry David Thoreau says,“Unjust laws exist: shall we be content to obey them,or shall we endeavour to amend them, and obey them until we have succeeded, orshall we transgress them at once? ” Choose a law or practice that you considerunjust, and write an essay of 350 to 500 words in which you tell why you believe itshould be obeyed, amended, or disobeyed.Your writing will be evaluated according to its insightfulness, logical soundness andappropriateness in expression.B. Writing task 2.