语言学概论作业

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业Chapter 1. Invitations to LinguisticsI. For each question, there are four choices of answers. In some cases, only one choice is correct while in others more than one should be chosen. Choose ALL the correct ones.1. Which of the following are design features of language? A. arbit

2、rarinessB. dualityC. interpersonalD. displacement2. By _ we mean language is resourceful because of its duality and its recursiveness. A. arbitrarinessB. creativityC. interpersonalD. displacement3. “I can refer to Confucius even though he died 2,000 years ago.” This shows that language has the desig

3、n feature of _. A. arbitrarinessB. creativityC. dualityD. displacement4. Displacement benefits human beings by giving them the power to handle _. A. arbitrariness and creativityB. generalizations and abstractions C. interpersonal relationshipD. performative functions5. Which of the following is NOT

4、a theory about the origin of language? A. The bow-wow theoryB. The pooh-pooh theory C. The “yo-he-ho” theoryD. The Winnie-the-Pooh theory6. Which of the following theories takes as the origin of language the instinctive sounds of pain, anger and joy? A. The bow-wow theoryB. The pooh-pooh theory C. T

5、he “yo-he-ho” theoryD. The Winnie-the-Pooh theory7. Which of the following statements is true of Jacobsons framework of language functions? A. The referential function is to indulge in language for its own sake. B. The emotive function is to convey message and information. C. The conative function i

6、s to clear up intentions, words and meanings. D. The phatic function is to establish communion with others.8. Which of the following are among Hallidays theory of functions of language? A. ideationalB. relationalC. interpersonalD. textual9. Using language for the sheer joy shows that language has a

7、_ function. A. recreationalB. metalingualC. informative D. performative10. _ studies the internal organization of words. A. PhonologyB. MorphologyC. SemanticsD. Syntax11. _ is concerned with the rules governing the structure, distribution and sequencing of speech sounds. A. PhoneticsB. MorphologyC.

8、PragmaticsD. Phonology12. _ is the study of meaning in context. A. SemanticsB. PragmaticsC. SociolinguisticsD. Psycholinguistics13. In the 18th century, all the main European languages were studied _. A. diachronicallyB. synchronicallyC. prescriptivelyD. descriptively14. “Dont end a sentence with a

9、preposition.” This is an example of _ rules. A. prescriptiveB. descriptiveC. transformationalD. functional15. The distinction between langue and parole was put forward by _. A. BloomfieldB. de SaussureC. ChomskyD. Halliday16. The distinction between competence and performance was made by _. A. Bloom

10、fieldB. de SaussureC. ChomskyD. Hymes17. According to _, the task of a linguist is to determine from the data of performance the underlying system of rules that has been mastered by the language user. A. JacobsonB. BloomfieldC. PikeD. Chomsky18. Which of the following was written by Ferdinand de Sau

11、ssure? A. A Grammar of Modern GreekB. Aspects of the Theory of Syntax C. Course in General LinguisticsD. The Structure of Shakespeares English19. Which of the following was written by Noam Chomsky? A. A Grammar of Modern GreekB. Aspects of the Theory of Syntax C. Course in General LinguisticsD. The

12、Structure of Shakespeares English20. If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be _. A. prescriptive B. analytic C. descriptive D. linguistic 精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业21. Which of the following is not a design feature of human language? A. Arbitrariness

13、 B. Displacement C. Duality D. Meaningfulness 22. Modern linguistics regards the written language as _. A. primary B. correct C. secondary D. stable 23. A historical study of language is a _ study of language. A. synchronic B. diachronic C. prescriptive D. comparative 24. Saussure took a (n)_ view o

14、f language, while Chomsky looks at language from a _ point of view. A. sociologicalpsychological B. psychologicalsociological C. applied pragmatic D. semantic and linguistic 25. According to F. de Saussure, _ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community. A

15、. parole B. performance C. langue D. Language 26. Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between _ and meanings. A. sense B. sounds C. objects D. ideas 27. Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This feature is

16、 called_, A. displacement B. duality C. flexibility D. cultural transmissionII. Fill in each of the following blanks with one word which begins with the letter given: 1. Chomsky defines “competence” as the ideal users k_ of the rules of his language. 2. Langue refers to the a_ linguistic system shar

17、ed by all the members of a speech community while the parole is the concrete use of the conventions and application of the rules. 3. D_ is one of the design features of human language which refers to the phenomenon that language consists of two levels: a lower level of meaningless individual sounds

18、and a higher level of meaningful units. 4. Language is a system of a_ vocal symbols used for human communication. 5. The discipline that studies the rules governing the formation of words into permissible sentences in languages is called s_. 6. Human capacity for language has a g _ basis, but the de

19、tails of language have to be taught and learned. 7. P _ refers to the realization of langue in actual use. 8. Findings in linguistic studies can often be applied to the settlement of some practical problems. The study of such applications is generally known as a_ linguistics.9. Language is p_ in tha

20、t it makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals by its users. In other words, they can produce and understand an infinitely large number of sentences which they have never heard before.10. Linguistics is generally defined as the s _ study of language.II. Decide whether the fol

21、lowing statements are true or false.1. Language is unique to humans so when we say “bird language” we are using the word metaphorically.2. Language is conventional.3. Arbitrariness means you can use language in any way you like.4. Bloomfield defined the six primary factors of any speech event as: sp

22、eaker, addressee, context, message, code, contact.5. The metalingual function of language means that the human language can be used to talk about itself.6. If you repeat a sound, say p, ten times, each time it may be slightly different.7. Latin has fewer morphological changes than English.8. Histori

23、cal linguistics is a synchronic study of language.9. Computational linguists are interested in the history and structure of formerly unwritten languages.精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业10. The concept of “communicative competence” was suggested by Dell Hymes.11. Linguistics is generally defined as the scientif

24、ic study of language.12. Linguistics studies particular language, not languages in general.13. A scientific study of language is based on what the linguist thinks. 14. Phonetics is different from phonology in that the latter studies the combinations of the sounds to convey meaning in communication.

25、15. Morphology studies how words can be formed to produce meaningful sentences. 16. The study of the ways in which morphemes can be combined to form words is called morphology. 17. Syntax is different from morphology in that the former not only studies the morphemes, but also the combination of morp

26、hemes into words and words into sentences. 18. The study of meaning in language is known as semantics. 19. Both semantics and pragmatics study meanings. 20. Pragmatics is different from semantics in that pragmatics studies meaning not in isolation, but in context. 21. Social changes can often bring

27、about language changes. 22. Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society. 23. Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive. 24. Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar.25. A diachronic study of language is the description of language at some point in time. 26. Modern linguistics regards the written language as primary, not the spoken language. 27. The distinction between competence and performance was proposed by F. de Saussure.III. Choose Four of the following questions and answer the following