英语国际音标分类及书写

1、音素分类 音标书写 音位音长元音声带振动单音口形不变前元音 i: e æ 扁唇形，舌尖抵下齿，依次张大中元音 : 圆唇，舌悬空中高，依次张大后元音u:扁圆唇，舌后缩底高，依次张大双元音口形变合口双元音e a前长后短，前重后轻，首音长三分之二，次音三分之一，从首音滑向次音，一到即止。合口双元音 a集中双元音 e辅音声带振动或无振动腔阻成音爆破音清 p t k 1.双唇闭，气冲成音2.舌尖抵上齿龈，弹舌成音3.舌后部抵软鄂，咳气成音浊 b d g 摩擦音清 s f 1. s z双唇微张，舌尖平近上齿，气流缓出舌齿间，2. T D双唇微张，舌尖平抵上齿龈冲舌成音3. S Z圆唇微突出，舌尖

2、微上卷近上齿龈，送气成音4. F v上齿轻咬下唇，气出唇齿，摩擦成音.浊 z ð z 破擦音清 tr t ts 口舌摆好首音音位，尽力发出次音，即可成音浊 dr d dz 半元音 w j 1. W稍圆突唇舌后抬起，嘴唇滑向两边，振动2. j扁唇微笑，舌尖抵下齿，舌面贴上鄂，振动，3. 两音长很短，一出即滑至后音似摩音 l h r 1.l舌抵上齿龈，稍弯，气出舌两边成音，振动2.h 嘴唇自然张开，呵气成音，声带不振动3.r舌关上卷悬中，圆唇稍突，冲舌成音,振动鼻音m n 1.M双唇紧闭，舌尖平悬，气出鼻腔振动2.n双唇微开，舌尖抵上齿龈，气出鼻腔，振动3N双唇张开，舌尖抵下齿龈，舌后自

3、然升顶，气出鼻腔，语流音变浊化两清辅音相连，后清变浊，sp sb st sd sk sg str sdrspeak spy study star sky school screen street失爆两爆相连，爆擦相连，前音失爆Blackboard bookcase bedside cardboard footbridge Come back tomorrow. I dont think so.连读前词辅音尾，后词元音头，连读成一词Not at all. There is, on it, in an office ,in English, Get out, all over, first of

4、all,英语国际音标新旧对照表Vowels元音20个新 i：eæ:u:旧i:ieæ:u:u:新a:eaae旧:eiaiiuauiuConsonants辅音28个无变化pbtdkgfvszTðmnlrhwjtdtrdrtsdz英语国际音标四线三格书写规范长元音 i: u: : : :短元音 e æ 双元音/e/a/e/a/轻辅音/p / t / k / f/ / s /浊辅音/b /d/ g / v / / z / ð /轻辅音/ ts/ t/ tr/ h/浊辅音/ dz/d/dr/ r/鼻音/m/ n /

5、 /半元音/ j /w/舌侧音/  /含糊音/  /英语国际音标音源练习一.单元音：vowels（12个）1. i: A: Tea or coffee?B: Tea for Lee and coffee for me, please.e: me be she he we evening seeee: sweet bee sweep sheep sleep three green ea: meat read leaf sea pea teach eat cleanie, ei, eo: piece, ceiling, people 2. i His little s

6、ister is sitting in the middle.i: is English pig fish in fifteen six ship thin e: begin behind jacket basketball y: happy heavy busy lorry carry sunny lovely study thirstytwenty thirtywindyrainy ey: monkey money ay: Sunday Saturday Friday 比较：1.it-eat 2. liveleave3. fillfeel 4. seatsit 5. treetrip 6.

7、bitbee 7. sheepship 8. deeddid 9. liveleave 10. feedfit 11. peapit 12. ridread 13. streetstrict 14. sleepslip 3. e Good, better, best. Never let it rest. Till good is better. And better best.e: egg bell desk leg red pet then ten pen ea: bread head breakfastai: again4. æ Cat, cat! Catch that bla

8、ck rat!a: dad hat cap bag cat can bad apple bag flag hand rabbit ant black fat has stand rat mapCompare:1. bet-bat 2. patpet 3. bagbeg 4. satset 5. neck-lack 6. sadsaid 7.badbed 8.daddead 9.ladled 10. fadfed 5. : The early bird catches the worm first.er: her serve term ir:bird girl skirt first dirty

9、 skirt shirt ur:nurse Thursday turtle purple curtain ear:early learn or: word work world6. The farmers sister is a doctor. er:teacher clever brother dinner father sister ruler ar: sugar or:doctor a:panda about above camera sofa Chinae: openure: picture7. Come to the front on the double.o: son come c

10、olour love money u: sun nut jump gum us bus brush supper duck ou: touch cousin country8. u: How do you do? You look really cool.o: do who whose oo: food moon too soon ui: fruit juice u: ruler rude ou:soup oe:shoe9. u Look at the cookbook. Its really good.o:woman wolf oo:look good book foot wood clas

11、sroom u:bull bullet10. : My daughter whos forty-four is a lawyer.a: water aw:draw strawberry al:ball wall call or:horse morning corn fork or short oor:floor doorau: autumnar: warm11. The little pot is so hot.o: fox coffee dog shop dog doctor long sorry a: watch what12. a: Its far to the farm from th

12、e park.a: grass glass class plant dance fast father last half ar: car star arm park March hard garden dark scarf au: laugh aunt ear: heart二.双元音（8个）：13. e ei Rain, rain go away. Little Johnny wants to play.a: cake make name game snake gate lazyai: rain train wait ay:day May play taday way ea: great14

13、. i Soybean oil is my choice.oi: oil boil coin pointoy: boy toy15. a ai Out of sight, out of mind.i: kite bike nice tiger write idea knife fivey: by cry fly my sky try why goodbyeie: tie pie uy: buy16. u Go and open the window, Joe, and show me the photo.o: nose rose poem old over hello oa: boat coa

14、t soap goat ow: show window snow bowl 17. a au I found a mouse in the house.ou: house mouse mouth trousers about roundow: flower cow how now down town18. i We are near the end of the year.ear: ear hear tear yeareer: deer beer ea: really19. e Where there is a will, there is a way.air: hair chair pair

15、 ear: pear bear wearere: there eir: theirare :careful20. uIts sure to be good for the tourists. oor: poor our: tour February ure: sure pure三.辅音 Consonants (28个) p Practice makes perfect. b Barry found a big bug on her bed. t Thisis a hat, thats a cap. d The doorman told David to go down. k Dont kit

16、the kitten. g A good beginning makes a good ending. f If you buy fish, make sure its fresh. v Victor is very clever. s Sandy has a new swimming suit. z What size of shoes does Daisy wear? q Thank you for your table cloth. ð Those are far and these are near. ò Wash the fish, please. pleasur

17、e,  television tò He teaches children how to play chess. d John likes to tell jokes. tr Therere lots of trucks in the street. dr He likes strong drinks. ts The students are wearing white shirts.dz Take away your dirty hands鼻音m May I have some milk, mum? n Nora knows the new comer. Lingling is listening to the song.Compare: n n ng /nk inink sin-sing thin-thing thanthank son-song摩擦音 h have