现在完成时讲解及练习

1、 Unit 9:现在完成时讲解一肯定句：助动词have/has+过去分词(done) 否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他. 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他. 简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)二过去分词规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“

2、 d ”。 live-lived-lived , (3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried (4) 、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop-stopped-stopped ,drop-dropped-dropped plan-planned三现在完成时的用法（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have eaten lunch. (I am full

3、.)I have seen the film. ( It is interesting)（2）现在完成时可以用来表示动作发生在过去,持续到现在，还有可能继续持续下去。常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用. for+时段since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从以来）since+时段+agosince+从句（过去时）It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）That boy has been skating for five hours.That boy has skated for five hours.That boy has skated since 6 am.T

4、hat boy has skated since five hours ago.That boy has skated since he got up this morning.It is five hours since that boy skated.练习：It_ten years since he left the army.四现在完成时的标志1.* 以already, just和yet为标志 He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮助。He has just seen the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。He hasn't come back y

5、et.他还没有回来。They have already finished homework .(否定句和一般疑问句）* 以ever和never为标志This is the best film I have ever seen.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。He has never spoken to a foreigner.他从没有到过北京。* 以动作发生的次数为标志He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。* 以so far（到目前为止）为标志 或者以before 为标志He has travelled to Beij

6、ing before.以前他去北京旅游过。She has passed the exam so far.到目前为止她已经通过了考试。现在完成时练习：1 LiLei_(learn) English since last year.2 I _never_(speak) to a foreigner.3 Mr Green _(live)in China for two years.4 How many times _you _(be )there?5 We_(know)each other since we were young.6、He has already finished his homew

7、ork（改为否定句） He _ finished his homework _ 7They have found the lost books already（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答） _ they _ the lost books _？No，they_ 8Julia has not got home from school yet（改为肯定句） Julia _ _ _ home from school 9 Mr Wang began to teach English in this school in 1999（改为同义句） Mr Wang _ _ English in this sc

8、hool since 1999 10 My father has already been to the USA.(否定句 )11 They have lived here since 3 years ago. (对划线提问) 12 Kate has been a teacher for ten years.13 Mr Smith has seen the film three times.六has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别 Have/Has gone(to) :去了某地现在不在这Where is your father？He has

9、 gone to Shanghai. Have/Has been (to) :去过某地又回来了My father has been to Shanghai. Have/has been in：在某地呆了一段时间My father has been in Shanghai for two months. My parents _Shangdong for ten years.Where is your father？He_Shanghai.Where have you been? I _the teachers office.Where is Bob? He _to Harbin for a m

10、eeting.A. went B. has been C. has gone Are you going to the bank, Laura? No, I _ to the bank already. A. have been B. have gone C. am going D. had been-Oh, you are here. Im looking for you all the morning._ ？-To the library.A. Where have you gone B. Where will you go C. Where are you going D. Where

11、have you been?七 瞬间动词（buy,die,join,come，go ,leave,join begin/start,）不能直接与for since 连用。要变为延续性动词buy-have borrow -keep come/arrive/reach/get to-be in leave -be away join -be a member of begin-be on open-be open close -be closed die-be dead1 I bought a dictionary last month.I have bought a dictionary.I h

12、ave had a dictionary for a month.Linda borrowed some money from her friend five days ago.Linda has borrowed some money from her friend.Linda has kept some money from her friend for five days.Mr Green came to Beijing two years ago.Mr Green has come to Beijing .Mr Green has been in Beijing for two yea

13、rsThe officer left his hometown.The officer has left his hometown.The officer has been away from his hometown for 5 years.My brother joined the army half a year ago.My brother has joined the army.My brother has been a member of the army for half a year.The film began 10 minutes ago.The film has begu

14、n .The film has been on for 10 minutes.The factory opened 30 years ago.The factory has opened .The factory has been open for 30 years/since 30 years ago.The store closed yesterday.The store has closed.The store has been closed since yesterday.Xiao Mings grandma died ten years ago.Xiao Mings grandma

15、has died.Xiao Mings grandma has been dead for ten years.单项选择。1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _what's happened to him . knew . have known . must know .will know2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?. already .never .ever . still3、Have you met Mr Li _？. just now. ago.before .a moment ago、

16、Our country _ a lot so far .Yes . I hope it will be even _ . has changed ; well . changed ; good . has changed ; better . changed ; better、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . was ; studying . will study. has ; studied . are ; studying 、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . know .

17、had known . have known . knew、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . will see . have seen . saw .see、These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ?. will they go . did they go. do they go . have they gone 、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . joined . has joined . wa

18、s in . has been in 、Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have become . have made、How long have you _ here ?About two months . been . gone . come . arrived、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . has begun . had begun . has been on . began、 It _ ten years since he left the army . is . has . will . was、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_ to the library .has gone . went .will go . has been、 My parents _ Shandong for ten years . have been in . have be