202X版高考英语一轮复习第一部分语言知识Unit3Understandingeachother课件牛津译林版选修6

1、Unit 3Unit 3Understanding each otherUnderstanding each other基础知识基础知识考点知识考点知识基础知识基础知识梳理梳理 抓主干抓主干固双基固双基单单词词拓拓展展1.1. vt.vt.向向( (某人某人) )道贺道贺 n. n.祝贺祝贺, ,贺词贺词2.2. vt. vt.禁止禁止 n. n.禁止禁止, ,禁令禁令3.3. vi.& vt. vi.& vt.适应适应; ;调整调整 n. n.调整调整, ,调节调节4.4. adj. adj.习惯于习惯于; ;惯常的惯常的5.5. adj. adj.通晓通晓; ;熟悉熟悉 n

2、. n.亲密亲密, ,熟悉熟悉 vt. vt.使熟悉使熟悉congratulatecongratulatecongratulationcongratulationprohibitprohibitprohibitionprohibitionadjustadjustadjustmentadjustmentaccustomedaccustomedfamiliarfamiliarfamiliarityfamiliarityfamiliarizefamiliarize单单词词拓拓展展6.6. n. n.描述描述v.v.解释解释7.7. vt. vt.保证保证, ,担保担保, ,确保确保 adj. adj

3、.肯定的肯定的, ,确信的确信的8.8. vt.& vi. vt.& vi.允许允许, ,准许准许 n. n.许可证许可证 n. n.允许允许, ,准许准许9.9. adj. adj.相像相像adv.adv. 同样地同样地10.10. n. n.招待会招待会; ;接待接待 vt. vt.接到接到, ,收到收到, ,接待接待11.11. n. n.期望期望, ,盼望盼望 vt. vt.预期预期, ,期待期待, ,盼望盼望accountaccountensureensuresuresurepermitpermitpermissionpermissionalikealikerecep

4、tionreceptionreceivereceiveexpectationexpectationexpectexpect单单词词拓拓展展 12.12. vt. vt.和某人打招呼和某人打招呼 n. n.问候问候, ,问候语问候语13.13. n. n.庆典庆典; ;庆祝活动庆祝活动 v. v.庆祝庆祝, ,庆贺庆贺14.14. adj. adj.轻微的轻微的 adv. adv.稍微稍微15.15. n. n.冒犯冒犯; ;侮辱侮辱 vt. vt.冒犯冒犯, ,犯罪犯罪16.16. n. n.宗教宗教 adj. adj.宗教的宗教的, ,虔诚的虔诚的17.17. n. n.少数民族少数民族;

5、;少数少数 adj. adj.轻微的轻微的, ,较小的较小的 greetgreetgreetinggreetingcelebrationcelebrationcelebratecelebrateslightslightslightlyslightlyoffenceoffenceoffendoffendreligionreligionreligiousreligiousminorityminorityminorminor单单词词拓拓展展 18.18. n.n.勇敢勇敢 adj. adj.勇敢的勇敢的 adv. adv.勇敢地勇敢地19.19. n. n.面具面具vt.vt.伪装伪装, ,掩饰掩饰

6、20.20. vt. vt.统治统治; ;控制控制; ;支配支配 n. n.政府政府, ,统治统治 n. n.统治者统治者21.21. adj. adj.音乐的音乐的n.n.音乐剧音乐剧 n. n.音乐音乐 n. n.音乐家音乐家22.22. adj. adj.神秘的神秘的, ,奇怪的奇怪的 n. n.神秘神秘, ,奥秘奥秘braverybraverybravebravebravelybravelymaskmaskgoverngoverngovernmentgovernmentgovernorgovernormusicalmusicalmusicmusicmusicianmusicianmys

7、teriousmysteriousmysterymystery单单词词拓拓展展23.23. vt.& vi.vt.& vi.蒸蒸, ,蒸发蒸发n.n.蒸汽蒸汽24.24. n.n.平原平原adj.adj.清楚的清楚的25.25. vt.vt.复述复述, ,转述转述26.26. vt.vt.烤烤adj.adj.烤的烤的27.gesture 27.gesture n.n. . .28.feast 28.feast n. n. . .steamsteamplainplainretellretellroastroast手势手势; ;姿势姿势盛宴盛宴, ,宴会宴会; ;节日节日短短语语记

8、记忆忆1.let 1.let 更不用说更不用说2.take 2.take 占据占据( (时间或空间时间或空间) )3.show somebody 3.show somebody 带某人参观、游览带某人参观、游览4.have power 4.have power 控制控制, ,支配支配5.get/become/be accustomed 5.get/become/be accustomed 习惯于习惯于 alonealoneupuparoundaroundoverovertoto句句型型整整理理1.Many foreigners 1.Many foreigners accustomed to i

9、t. accustomed to it. 许多外国人很难适应这种做法。许多外国人很难适应这种做法。2.They dislike 2.They dislike when people do not look at the cards. when people do not look at the cards.他他 们不喜欢人们不看名片们不喜欢人们不看名片 havehavetroubletroublegettinggettingitit1.congratulate vt.1.congratulate vt.向向( (某人某人) )道贺道贺, ,祝贺祝贺考点知识考点知识导练导练 解疑难解疑难提知能提

10、知能归纳拓展归纳拓展congratulate sb.on/upon sth./doing sth.congratulate sb.on/upon sth./doing sth.祝贺某人祝贺某人 congratulate oneself on/upon sth./doing sth.congratulate oneself on/upon sth./doing sth. 感到高兴感到高兴, ,感到自豪感到自豪congratulation(s) (to sb.) on sth.congratulation(s) (to sb.) on sth.祝贺祝贺/ /庆贺庆贺( (某人某人) ) 某事某事英

11、文典例英文典例: :I I congratulated congratulated them all them all onon their results. their results.我为他们取得的成就向我为他们取得的成就向 他们所有人表示祝贺。他们所有人表示祝贺。You can You can congratulate yourself oncongratulate yourself on having done an excellent job. having done an excellent job. 你应该为你出色的工作感到自豪。你应该为你出色的工作感到自豪。Congratula

12、tions onCongratulations on your exam results! your exam results! 祝贺你考出了好成绩祝贺你考出了好成绩! !词语辨析词语辨析: :congratulatecongratulate作作“祝贺祝贺, ,道贺道贺”讲时讲时, ,需以被祝贺的人作直接宾语需以被祝贺的人作直接宾语, ,以介词以介词onon或或uponupon引出祝贺的原因。引出祝贺的原因。celebratecelebrate表示举行仪式、典礼的庆祝表示举行仪式、典礼的庆祝, ,只能用事只能用事( (节日、胜利、节日、胜利、成功等成功等) )作宾语作宾语, ,构成构成cele

13、brate sth.celebrate sth.。即学即用即学即用: :完成句子完成句子他们在佛罗伦萨庆祝他们他们在佛罗伦萨庆祝他们2525周年结婚纪念日周年结婚纪念日, ,所有的老朋友都前去祝贺他们的所有的老朋友都前去祝贺他们的银婚银婚, ,这使得他们极为感动。这使得他们极为感动。They They their 25th wedding anniversary in Florence and all their 25th wedding anniversary in Florence and all their old friends went to their old friends we

14、nt to them on their silver wedding, them on their silver wedding, which moved them deeply.which moved them deeply.答案答案: :celebrated;congratulatecelebrated;hibit vt.(2.prohibit vt.(尤指以法令尤指以法令) )禁止禁止归纳拓展归纳拓展prohibit (ones) doing hibit (ones) doing sth.禁止禁止( (某人某人) )做某事做某事prohib

15、it.from hibit.from doing.禁止禁止做做a prohibition on/againsta prohibition on/against禁令禁令; ;禁律禁律英文典例英文典例: :The high cost of equipment The high cost of equipment prohibitsprohibits many people many people from takingfrom taking up this sport. up this sport.昂贵的装备令许多人对这项运动望而却步。昂贵的装备令许多人对这项运动望而却步。a a

16、 prohibition againstprohibition against selling alcohol to people under the age selling alcohol to people under the age of 18 of 18 禁止向禁止向1818岁以下青少年售酒的法令岁以下青少年售酒的法令特别提示特别提示: :表示表示“禁止禁止做做; ;阻止阻止做做”可以用以下形式可以用以下形式: :forbid sb. to do sth.ban sb./sth. form doing hibit sb./sth. from doing sth.stop

17、sb./sth. from doing sth.prevent sb./sth. from doing sth.keep sb./sth. from doing sth.即学即用即学即用: :语法填空语法填空Motor vehicles are prohibited Motor vehicles are prohibited driving in the town driving in the town centre. centre.London Transport has announced a London Transport has announced a (prohibit)on sm

18、oking on (prohibit)on smoking on buses. buses.The government prohibits The government prohibits (spread)rumors online.(spread)rumors online.答案答案: :fromfromprohibitionprohibitionspreadingspreading3.adjust vi.& vt.3.adjust vi.& vt.适应适应, ,习惯习惯; ;调整调整, ,调节调节特别提示特别提示: :在在adjust to.adjust to.中中,to

19、,to为介词为介词, ,后面应跟名词、代词或动词后面应跟名词、代词或动词-ing-ing形式。形式。英文典例英文典例: :After a while his eyes After a while his eyes adjusted toadjusted to the dark. the dark. 过了一会儿他的眼睛习惯了黑暗。过了一会儿他的眼睛习惯了黑暗。Ive Ive made made a few a few adjustments adjustments to the design.to the design. 我已对设计作了几处调整。我已对设计作了几处调整。归纳拓展归纳拓展adjus

20、t to (doing) sth.adjust to (doing) sth.适应适应( (做做)adjust oneself to (doing) sth.adjust oneself to (doing) sth.使自己适应使自己适应( (做做)make an adjustment to make an adjustment to 对对作出调整作出调整即学即用即学即用: :句型转换句型转换Watch out for sharp bends and adjust your speed accordingly.Watch out for sharp bends and adjust your

21、speed accordingly. Watch out for sharp bends and Watch out for sharp bends and your your speed accordingly. speed accordingly.It took her a while to adjust herself to living alone abroad by It took her a while to adjust herself to living alone abroad by herself. herself. It took her a while to It to

22、ok her a while to living alone abroad by living alone abroad by herself. herself.答案答案: :make adjustments tomake adjustments toadjust toadjust to4.accustomed adj.4.accustomed adj.习惯于习惯于; ;惯常的惯常的归纳拓展归纳拓展be/get accustomed to (doing) sth.be/get accustomed to (doing) sth.习惯于习惯于( (做做) )某事某事accustom sb./on

23、eself to (doing) sth.accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth.使某人使某人/ /自己习自己习 惯于惯于( (做做) )某事某事英文典例英文典例: :My eyes slowly grew My eyes slowly grew accustomedaccustomed to the dark. to the dark. 我的眼睛慢慢适应了黑暗。我的眼睛慢慢适应了黑暗。He took his He took his accustomedaccustomed seat by the fire. seat by the fire. 他在炉火边惯常坐

24、的座位上坐了下来。他在炉火边惯常坐的座位上坐了下来。It took him a while to It took him a while to accustom himselfaccustom himself to the idea. to the idea. 他过了一段时间才习惯这个想法。他过了一段时间才习惯这个想法。特别提示特别提示: :在英语中在英语中,to,to有时为动词不定式符号有时为动词不定式符号, ,后跟动词原形后跟动词原形; ;有时用作介词有时用作介词, ,后跟名词、代词或动名词。后跟名词、代词或动名词。be accustomed to be accustomed to 结构中

25、结构中toto为介词。为介词。答案答案: :你用不了很长的时间就能习惯我们做事的方法。你用不了很长的时间就能习惯我们做事的方法。I have been accustomed to living in big cities.I have been accustomed to living in big cities.即学即用即学即用: :翻译句子翻译句子It will not take you very long to be accustomed to the way we do It will not take you very long to be accustomed to the way

26、 we do it. it. 我已经习惯了在大城市生活。我已经习惯了在大城市生活。 5.familiar adj.5.familiar adj.通晓通晓; ;熟悉熟悉归纳拓展归纳拓展be familiar with“be familiar with“熟悉熟悉, ,通晓通晓”。其主语通常是。其主语通常是 指人的名词或代词指人的名词或代词,with,with的宾语是主语通晓的事物的宾语是主语通晓的事物, , 即即sb.+be familiar with sth.sb.+be familiar with sth.。be familiar to“be familiar to“为为所熟悉所熟悉”。其主语

27、通常是。其主语通常是 人们所通晓的事物人们所通晓的事物,to,to的宾语通常是指人的名词或的宾语通常是指人的名词或 代词代词, ,即即sth.+be familiar to sb.sth.+be familiar to sb.。英文典例英文典例: :Those brown eyes were very Those brown eyes were very familiarfamiliar. .( (20182018全国全国,完形填空完形填空) ) 那双棕色的眼睛看起来非常熟悉。那双棕色的眼睛看起来非常熟悉。AreAre you you familiar withfamiliar with th

28、e computer software they use? the computer software they use? 你熟悉他们使用的计算机软件吗你熟悉他们使用的计算机软件吗? ?The smell The smell isis very very familiar tofamiliar to everyone who lives near a bakery. everyone who lives near a bakery. 住在面包店附近的人都很熟悉这种气味。住在面包店附近的人都很熟悉这种气味。即学即用即学即用: :句型转换句型转换His pleasant voice is so f

29、amiliar to us.His pleasant voice is so familiar to us. We are so We are so his pleasant voice.his pleasant voice.It will take a long time for you to familiarize yourself with our It will take a long time for you to familiarize yourself with our rules. rules. It will take a long time for you to It wi

30、ll take a long time for you to our our rules. rules.答案答案: :familiar withfamiliar withbe familiar withbe familiar with6.account n.6.account n.描述描述, ,叙述叙述归纳拓展归纳拓展give an account of give an account of 给予描述给予描述; ;进行说明进行说明on account of on account of 因为因为, ,由于由于o account/consideration=take account

31、 o account/consideration=take account of of 考虑到考虑到leave sth.out of account=take no account of sth.leave sth.out of account=take no account of sth. 对某事不予考虑对某事不予考虑on no account on no account 决不决不( (置于句首时置于句首时, ,句子用部分倒装句子用部分倒装) )account for account for 解释解释, ,说明说明;(;(指数量等指数量等) )占占英文典例英文典例: :She

32、 gave the police a full She gave the police a full accountaccount of the incident. of the incident. 她向警方详尽地叙述了所发生的事情。她向警方详尽地叙述了所发生的事情。She retired early She retired early on account ofon account of ill health. ill health. 她体弱多病她体弱多病, ,所以提前退休。所以提前退休。On no accountOn no account should the house be left

33、unlocked. should the house be left unlocked. 离开住宅时千万要锁门。离开住宅时千万要锁门。According to the World Bank,China According to the World Bank,China accounts foraccounts for about 30 percent about 30 percent of total global fertilizer consumption.( of total global fertilizer consumption.(20182018全国全国,语法填空语法填空) )

34、根据世界银行分析根据世界银行分析, ,中国占了大约全球化肥总消耗量的中国占了大约全球化肥总消耗量的30%30%。即学即用即学即用: :句型转换句型转换In no case would I dare walk in that neighborhood at night.In no case would I dare walk in that neighborhood at night. would I dare walk in that neighborhood would I dare walk in that neighborhood at night. at night.The sport

35、s meet was called off because of heavy rain.The sports meet was called off because of heavy rain. The sports meet was called off The sports meet was called off heavy heavy rain. rain.答案答案: :On no accountOn no accounton account ofon account of7.let alone7.let alone更不用说更不用说归纳拓展归纳拓展let sb.alonelet sb.a

36、lone不打扰某人不打扰某人let outlet out放出放出, ,释放释放; ;大声大声( (强烈地强烈地) )表达表达let golet go松手松手, ,放开放开, ,释放释放let sb. downlet sb. down让某人失望让某人失望let offlet off使爆炸使爆炸; ;宽恕宽恕英文典例英文典例: :The baby cant even crawl yet,The baby cant even crawl yet,let alonelet alone walk! walk! 这孩子连爬都不会这孩子连爬都不会, ,更不用说走了。更不用说走了。Dont Dont let

37、golet go of the rope. of the rope.别松开绳子。别松开绳子。Im afraid she Im afraid she let us downlet us down badly. badly. 很遗憾很遗憾, ,她让我们大失所望。她让我们大失所望。The boys were The boys were letting offletting off fireworks. fireworks. 那些男孩在放花炮。那些男孩在放花炮。特别提示特别提示: :let alone let alone 相当于一个插入语相当于一个插入语, ,但后面若接动词但后面若接动词, ,通常与前

38、面相通常与前面相关动词的形式相同关动词的形式相同, ,一般用于否定句之后。一般用于否定句之后。表示表示“更不用说更不用说”的短语还有的短语还有:not to mention,not to say:not to mention,not to say。即学即用即学即用: :语法填空语法填空I cant afford a bicycle,let I cant afford a bicycle,let a car.a car.Weve been let Weve been let so many times by the importers,who so many times by the impor

39、ters,who always seem to be late delivering the goods. always seem to be late delivering the goods.Two boys were caught smoking in the school but the principal let Two boys were caught smoking in the school but the principal let them them with a warning.with a warning.Who let Who let the exam results

40、?They were supposed to be the exam results?They were supposed to be confidential until tomorrow. confidential until tomorrow.答案答案: :alonealonedowndownoffoffoutout8.take up8.take up占据占据( (时间或空间时间或空间););开始学习开始学习; ;从事从事; ;继续继续; ;接受接受归纳拓展归纳拓展take awaytake away解除解除; ;消除消除( (痛苦等痛苦等) )take backtake back收回收

41、回( (说过的话说过的话););退回退回( (货物货物););与与重重 归于好归于好take downtake down写下写下; ;拆除拆除take ontake on呈现呈现( (新面貌新面貌););开始雇用开始雇用; ;承担责任承担责任take pride intake pride in引以为豪引以为豪即学即用即学即用: :用适当的介词填空用适当的介词填空She took She took the story where John had left off.the story where John had left off.He is unwilling to take He is un

42、willing to take heavy responsibilities.heavy responsibilities.答案答案: :upuponon英文典例英文典例: :The table The table takes uptakes up too much room. too much room. 这张桌子太占地方。这张桌子太占地方。Reporters Reporters took downtook down every word of his speech. every word of his speech. 记者们把他讲的每一句话都记录了下来。记者们把他讲的每一句话都记录了下来。

43、I cant I cant take ontake on any extra work. any extra work. 我不能承担任何额外工作。我不能承担任何额外工作。9.Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.9.Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it. 许多外国人很难适应这种做法。许多外国人很难适应这种做法。 句式提取句式提取:have trouble (in) doing sth.:have trouble (in) doing sth.。troubl

44、etrouble为不可数名词为不可数名词, ,前面可前面可 加修饰词加修饰词much,little,nomuch,little,no等。等。归纳拓展归纳拓展做某事有做某事有( (没有没有) )困难的常见的表达方式困难的常见的表达方式: :have some/much/great/no/little/a little have some/much/great/no/little/a little difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth./with sth. difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth./with sth.Theres some/

45、much difficulty (in) doing Theres some/much difficulty (in) doing sth./with sth.sth./with sth.have (no) problem (in) doing sth./with sth.have (no) problem (in) doing sth./with sth.have a hard time (in) doing sth.have a hard time (in) doing sth.特别提示特别提示: :对于句式对于句式have trouble/difficulty(in) doing sth

46、.have trouble/difficulty(in) doing sth.的考查的考查, ,常把常把trouble/difficultytrouble/difficulty提前提前, ,后跟定语从句后跟定语从句, ,省略介词省略介词inin。英文典例英文典例: :I I had no difficulty had no difficulty ( (inin) ) making making myself understood. myself understood. 我毫不费力地表达了自己的意思。我毫不费力地表达了自己的意思。You can hardly imagine You can hardly imagine the difficultythe difficulty we we had had ( (inin)solving the )solving the problem. problem. 你很难想象我们解决这个问题时遇到的困难。你很难想象我们解决这个问题时遇到的困难。即学即用即学即用: :完成句子完成句子他说他很难找到租金低的房子。他说他很难找到租金低的房子。 He said he He sa