北京市海淀区高考英语阅读理解训练(14)(含解析)(一)

1、海淀区2015高考英语阅读理解训练（14）（答案）【2015高考复习】阅读理解AsurveysponsoredbyaninternationaltemporaryserviceagencyfoundthatUI.S.executivesbelievethatpeoplewithasenseofhumourdobetterattheirjobs,comparedwiththosewhohavelittleornosenseofhumour.Infact,awhopping96percentofthosesurveyedsaidpeoplewithasenseofhumourdobetter.Th

2、esurveywentontopointoutthattheresultssuggestthatasenseofhumourmayhelplight-heartedemployeeskeeptheirjobsduringtoughtimes.And,whatsmore,itmaypropelthemupthecorporateladderpasttheirhumourlesscolleagues.WhyItseemsthatthosewithasenseofhumourarebettercommunicatorsandbetterteamplayers.Studieshaveshownthat

3、happyworkersaremoreproductive.Infact,aresearcheratCaliforniaStateUniversityfoundthathumourcouldhelptheemployeestoreleasetension.Consequently,theycanconcentrateontheirworkmoreefficiently.Whatsmore,employeeswhoenjoyinteractingwiththeirco-workersarentaslikelytobedistracted,orabsentfromwork.Researchcond

4、uctedbypsychologistDrAshtonTriceatMaryBaldwinCollegeinVirginiashowedthathumourhelpsusthink.Whenpeoplefeelstuckonimportantprojects,theytendtofeelangryordepressed.Thisnegativemoodcaninterferewithsubsequentperformance.AccordingtoDrTricesresearch,takingtimeouttolaughcanhelpustogetridofnegativefeelingsan

5、dallowustoreturntoataskormoveontoanotherprojectunaffectedbypastdefeat.Ifhumourisreallythisimportant,thenwhydontweuseitmoreoftenonthejob?Mostlikely,themainreasonisthatmanypeopleareunawareofthepositiveeffectsofhumourintheworkplace.Theytendtothinkhumourandlaughterareunproductiveorunprofessional,perhaps

6、both.However,itisimportanttorealizethatsomehumourisinappropriatefortheworkplace,andthatitisoftenusedatwrongtimes.【语篇解读】本文是一篇时文报道。管理者们认为，和那些没有幽默感的人相比，具有幽默感的人能把工作做得更好。比如，幽默的人富有合作意识，具有较高的工作效率等。20. Mostpeoplethinkasenseofhumourcan.A. helpyoutodoyourworkbetterB. makeyouhavearichlifeC. makeyoupleasedwithy

7、ourworkD. helpyoutomakemorefriends答案A细节理解题。根据第一段可知，和没有或很少有幽默感的人相比，有幽默感的人能把工作做得更好。B、C和D在意义上和幽默感没有联系，也和本文意思不符。21. Whichoneofthefollowingcandescribeapersonwithasenseofhomour?A.Serious.B.Funny.C.Changeable.D.Friendly.答案D推理判断题。由全文内容可以看出：有幽默感的人更容易与人交流，与人合作；有幽默感的人更平易近人，更“友好”；而不是“易变、严肃、有趣”等。22. Manypeopledo

8、ntusehumourmoreoftenintheworkplacebecause.A. theylikekeepingsilentwhenworkingB. theydontknowthepositiveeffectsofhumourC. theythinktheyshouldobeytherulesD. theydontlikejokingorlaughing答案B细节理解题。根据第五段可知，在工作场所人们大都表现得不幽默，其原因是不知道幽默的积极效果。其他选项与文章的意思不符。23. Whichisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A. Peoplewi

9、thasenseofhumour.B. Humourisimportantintheworkplace.C. Humourandhumourless.D. Everyonelikeshumour.答案B主旨大意题。全文主要谈的是工作中的幽默的积极作用。比如，幽默可以使人减轻压力，可以使人有较高的工作效率等。本文不是纯粹地讲幽默，也不是纯粹地说有幽默感的人。阅读理解SincetheInternethascomeintohomes,thedailylifehasneverbeenthesameagain.Butthethingthatworriesmostofusisthatwecangetvir

10、usesfromtheInternet.Butcanwecatchvirusesonourcellphones?AnewstudyinthejourneySciencesaysyes,butthespreadofsuchmobilesoftwarethatcanbringharmtoourcellphoneswontreachdangerouslevelsuntilmorecellphonesareonthesameoperatingsystem.Computersareeasilyattackedbyvirusesbecausetheysharedata,especiallyovertheI

11、nternet.Ofcourse,nowadays,morepeopleareusingtheircellphonesmoreandmorefrequently.Theyusethemforemailing,textmessaginganddownloadingtroublesomeringtones,etc.soitisobviousthatcellphonevirousesareathreat,aswell.Scientistsusednamelesscalldatafrommorethansixmillioncellphoneuserstohelpmodelapossibleoutbre

12、ak.AndtheyconcludedthatvirousesthatspreadfromphonetophonebyBluetootharenotmuchconcerned,becauseusershavetobeinclosephysicalrelationfortheirphonestoseeoneanother.However,virusesthatspreadthroughmultimediamessagingservicescanmovemuchfaster,becausetheycancomeindisguise,suchasacooltunesentbyafriend.Theg

13、oodnewsisthattobeeffective,thesevirusesneedtheirvictimstoallusethesameoperatingsystem,whichnotenoughofusdo.BecausethereisnoMicrosoftoperatingsystemformobilephones,yet.Thankgoodness.72. Whatsthepas.sagemainlyabout?A.TheoperatingsystemofcellphonesB.ThethreatofcellphonevirusesC.ThewideuseofcellphonesD.

14、Computerviruses73. When,cellphonevirusescanbedangerous.A. allthecellphonesworkonthesameoperatingsystemB. MicrosoftoperatingsystemforcellphonesiscreatedC. userscanseeeachotheronthephoneD. Bluetoothiswidelyused74. WhatcanweinferaboutBluetoothaccordingtothescientists?A. itcanincreasethechancesofcellpho

15、nevirousesgreatlyB. itcanhelpustostopthespreadingofcellphonevirusesC. itwontpossiblycausetheoutbreakofcellphonevirusesD. itcanmakeusershaveclosephysicalrelationwithoneanother.75. Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A. itisimpossibletocatchvirusesonourcellphonesB. cellphonesarenotwellconnectedwiththeInterne

16、tC. itisdangerousforpeopletodownloadringtonestocellphonesD. morethanoneoperatingsystemisavailableforcellphoneusersnow72.B主旨大意题。概括全文可知，文章主要探讨手机病毒会不会爆发的问题，所以其关键词为viruses和cellphones。73 .A细节理解题。由文章第一段最后以及文章末尾可得出答案：统一的操作系统是手机病毒爆发的条件。74 .C推理判断题。由文章最后一段第二句可知，病毒通过蓝牙在手机间传播，这点是不太可能的，故推断蓝牙技术不会导致病毒爆发。75 .D推理判断题

17、。根据文章第一段最后和文章末尾的信息科推断出：手机没有像电脑一样，都使用一个操作系统，这是万幸的。因此推测现在手机操作系统不止一个。阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、BC、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AOntheeveningofJune21,1992,atallmanwithbrownhairandblueeyesenteredthebeautifulhalloftheBellTowerHotelinXianwithhisbicycle.Thehotelworkersreceivedhim

18、andtelephonedthemanager,fortheyhadneverseenabicycleinthehotelballbeforethoughtheylivedin“thekingdomofbicycles.”RobertFriedlander,anAmerican,arrivedinXianonhisbicycletripacrossAsiawhichstartedlastDecemberinNewDelhi,India.Whenhewas11,hereadthebookMarcoPoloandmadeuphismindtovisittheSilkRoad.Now,after44

19、years,hewasontheSilkRoadinXianandhisearlydreamswerecomingtrue.RobertFriedlandersnextdestinations（目的地）wereLanzhou,Dunhuang,Urumqi,etc.HewillcompletehistripinPakistan.46. Thebestheadline（标题）forthisnewspaperarticlewouldberA.TheKingdomofBicyclesB.ABeautifulHotelinXianC.MarcoPoloandtheSilkRoadD.AnAmerica

20、nAchievingHisAims47. Friedlanderisvisitingthethreecountriesinthefollowingorder,A.China,India,andPakistanB.India,China,andPakistanC.Pakistan,China,andIndiaD.China,Pakistan,andIndia48. WhatmadeFriedlanderwanttocometoChina?A.ThestoriesaboutMarcoPolo.B.ThefamoussightsinXian.C.HisinterestinChinesesilk.D.

21、Hischildhooddreamsaboutbicycles.49. FriedlandercanbesaidtobeA.cleverB.friendlyC.hardworkingD.strong-minded【参考答案】46-49:DBAD高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-AIvewritten14movies.Mycharacterssmokeinmanyofthem,andtheylookcoolandglamorous（有魅力的）doingit.Smokingwasanintegral（必需的）partofmanyofmyscreenplaysbecauseIwasaheavysmoker.

22、Itwaspartofabad-boyimageIdcultivatedforalongtimesmoking,drinking,partying,rocknroll.Smoking,Ioncebelieved,waseverypersonsright.Thesecondr-handsmokewasnon-existentprobleminventedbyprofessionaldo-gooders.Iputalltheseviewsintomyplays.Rememberingallthis,Ifindithardtoforgivemyself.Ihavebeenanaccomplice（帮

23、凶）tothemurdersofuntoldnumbersofhumanbeings.IamadmittingthisonlybecauseIhavemadeadealwithGod.Spareme,Isaid,andIwilltrytostopothersfromcommittingthesamecrimesIdid.EighteenmonthsagoIwasdiagnosedwiththroatcancer,theresultofalifetimeofsmoking.Iamalivebutdisabled.Muchofmylarynx（喉）isgone.Ihavesomedifficult

24、yspeaking;othershavesomedifficultyunderstandingme.Ihaventsmokedordrunkfor18monthsnow,thoughIstilltakeitdaybydayandprayforhelp.Ibelieveinprayerandexercise.Ihavewalkedfivemilesadayforayear,withoutmissingevenoneday-QuittingsmokinganddrinkinghastaughtmethehardestlessonIveeverlearnedaboutmyownweakness;it

25、hasalsogivenmethegreatestaffectionandempathy（同感）forthosestilladdicted.Idontthinksmokingiseverypersonsrightanymore.Ithinksmokingshouldbeasillegalasheroin（海洛因）.Imnolongersuchabadboy.IgotochurchonSunday.Imdesperatetoseemyfourboysgrowup.IwanttodoeverythingIcantoundothedamageIhavedonewithmyownbig-screenw

26、ordsandimages.Screenwritersknow,too,thatsomemoviestarsaremorelikelytoplayapartiftheycansmoke-becausetheyaresoaddictedtosmokingthattheyhavedifficultystoppingevenduringtheshootingofascene.Myhandsarebloody;soareHollywoods.Mycancerhascausedmetoattempttocleanse（彻底清洁）me.IdontwishmyfateuponanyoneinHollywoo

27、d,butIbegthatHollywoodshouldstopputtingituponmillionsofothers.1. ThemainideaofthispassageprobablyisA. thewriterisashamedofthebadeffectshisscreenplayshavehadonhumanbeingsB. thewriterssmokingexperiencenearlykilledhimselfC. thebadeffectsthatHollywoodscreenplayhavebroughttochildrenD. thedeterminationoft

28、hewritertoovercomehisillness答案解析：答案为Ao本题为文章大意题。第一段作者引入话题，在他创作的电影中，很多人物吸烟，吸烟是他的作品中必需的，这些吸烟的场景影响了人们，后面的段落介绍作者因为吸烟而患上了喉癌，深受其苦，也表达了他深深的忏悔之意，最后一段表达作者的希望，希望好莱坞电影不再有吸烟的场景，让厄运降临到别人身上。故本文的大意为作者对他的荧幕剧对人们产生的坏影响感到惭愧。故答案为Ao日D是文中的细节，C选项在文中未提及，均不选。2. Howdoyouthinkthewriterhasrealizedhismistake?A. Somanypeoplehavef

29、oundthehabitofsmokingduetohisplays.B. HisplayshavebroughtgreatharmtoteenagersC. Hehimselfsufferedgreatlyfromsmoking.D. Hisscreenplayshavebeendoingmoreandmoreharmtohumanbeings.答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由第三段的首句提到的IAndithardtoforgivemyself”和该段最后一句提至U的“andIwilltrytostopothersfromcommittingthesamecrimesIdid.”,以及第

30、四段首句aEighteenmonthsagoIwasdiagnosedwiththroatcancer,theresultofalifetimeofsmoking.”可知，作者难以原谅自己，将会努力阻止别人和他一样犯相同的罪，因为他诊断有吸烟导致的喉癌，故答,案为C,作者自己深受吸烟之害。A选项与题干无关；B选项未提及；D选项夸大了他的作品的危害，均不选。3. Accordingtothepassage,whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?A. Hehasmadeuphismindtogiveupsmokingforever.B. Hewilltryhisbes

31、ttopreventothersfromwritingscreenplaysencouragingsmoking.C. Hewilltryhisbesttobringuphisfourchildren.D. Hehasdecidedtowritehisscreenplayswithoutsmokingscenes.答案解析：答案为Do本题为语义理解题。划线部分所在的句意为“我会尽我一切所能来消除我在荧幕上创作的文字和形象给人们带来的伤害”。这种伤害来自第一段提到的作者的作品中吸烟是必需的场景，由此可以推断，划线部分意为作者决定在自己的作品中不再有吸烟场景。故答案为D4. Itcanbeinfe

32、rredfromthepassagethatA. thewriterwillsoonberecoveredfromhisillnessthankstohisexerciseB. thewriterwillsoondiebecauseofhisdeadlydiseaseC. smokingwillbegotridofinallHollywoodfilmsD. smokinginHollywoodfilmsisstilldoinggreatharmtohumanbeings答案解析：答案为Do本题为推理题。由第四段第二句话Iamalivebutdisabled.可知，作者虽然活着但是残疾了，故AB

33、选项错误。由最后一段最后一句话IdontwishmyfateuponanyoneinHollywood,butIbegthatHollywoodshouldstopputtingitupon millions of others可知，作者不希望自己的命运降临到好莱坞的任何人身上,但是乞求好莱坞应该阻止吸烟导致的危害降临到成千上万人的身上，可以推断，好莱坞电影上出现的吸烟场景仍然在对人们造成伤害，故C选项错误，D选项正确。高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-BPeoplewhoenjoyadream-filledsleeparebetteratrecallinginformationandmakingli

34、nksbetweenfactswhenwaking.Butrechargingwithashallow(小睡)offersnosuchmentalimprovement,theresearchsuggests.TheresultsofthestudyaddedtothegrowingbodyofevidencethatRapidEyeMovement(REM)sleepisveryimportanttothebrainsabilitytoformstrongmemories.AnaveragenightsrestincludesfourorfivespellsofREMsleep,butthe

35、seburststendtobelengthiertowardstheendofthenight.Thismeansadultsgettinglessthantherecommendedseventoeighthoursanight-andthereforeinadequateREMsleep-maybedamagingtheirmindsabilitytomemorize:AlthoughREMsleepisnotclassifiedasatypeofdeepsleep,itisonlyreachedafterthebrainhaspassedthroughdeepsleepstages.I

36、ntherecentstudy,participantswereshowngroupsofthreewords-suchas“cookie,heart”,andasixteen-andaskedtofindanotherwordthatcanbeassociatedwithallthreewords.Theyweretestedonceinthemorningandthengiventhesametaskagainintheafternoon.Inbetween,somewereallowedanapwithREMsleep,someanapwithoutREMsleep,whiletheot

37、hershadaquietrestperiod.Thequietrestandnon-REMsleepgroupsdidntimprove,buttheREMsleepgroupimprovedontheirmorningperformancebyanaverageofalmost40percent.DrSaraMednick,asleepresearcherattheUniversityofCaliforniawholedthestudy,believestheformationofconnectionsbetweenpreviouslyunassociatedinformationinthebrainoccursduringREMsleep.Peoplewokenwhiletheirclosedeyesmaderapidmovementsrecalledmuc